1. CCooddeess aanndd CCoonnvveennttiioonnss ooffMMuussiicc VViiddeeoossGrace Arnell

2. GGeenneerraall MMuussiicc VViiddeeoossTechnical Techniques How meaning is conveyed usingtechnical equipment for example how the camera anglesand shots are used with diegetic or non diegetic sound andediting techniques to portray the genre and meaning.Symbolic techniques Symbolic techniques are ways inwhich one can show the meaning beyond what one cansee in front of them. For example using facial expressions andmise en scene to present emotions. 3. CCooddeess aanndd CCoonnvveennttiioonnss The codes and conventions of a music video areable to differ depending on the genre of themusic video yet there also being conventions ingeneral which all music videos typically follow. These general conventions include:- Camera- Editing- Sound- Mise En Scene- Style- Notions of Looking (Stereotypes) 4. RReeaassoonnss ffoorr CCooddeess aannddCCoonnvveennttiioonnss Codes and Conventions are useful for music videos dueto one being able to familiarise themselves with aparticular genre as they will be able to understandand recognise the conventions that are specific tothe genre itself or music videos in general. Codes and Conventions provide music videos with astructure and therefore enabling the audience tounderstand the music videos meaning and messagea lot more simply. The conventions allow the lyrics meanings to beenhanced through the camera shots, mise en sceneand editing to allow the music video to be successfuland portray its message and meanings clearly andeffectively. 5. SSttyylleeWhen considering a music video there are many styles which can beused during a music video. These include;- Performance,- Narrative- Mixture- CameoPerformanceA music video can be considered to have a performance style whenthe music video mainly consists of the artist performing the song withinthe video. An example when considering performance style within mychosen genre of Soft rock is Passenger Let her go. This is due to thevideo continuously showing shots of the artist performing, having nonarrative to the video. It can be argued that this style of music video isnot the most common due to arguably becoming uninterestingquickly for audiences as they are unable to engage quickly with thelyrics and meanings. When relating this style of music video to a genreit can be said that this style is mostly seen within rock songs. 6. SSttyylleeNarrativeA music video that is classed as narrative follows a story line thatrelates to the song yet there are differing way in which the storycan be told, having two types; Linear and Fragmented.Linear narratives begin at the beginning of the story and goesthrough in chronological order through the middle and thenfinally ending with the end of the narrative. In contrast to this thefragmented narrative is one that does not go through the story inorder of sequence yet is still able to tell a story through shots thattime jump etc.When considering an example for a linear narrative is Katy Perry Thinking of you. This is due to telling a story from start to end inorder and allowing the audience to relate to the song lyrics andstory line and relate it to ones own life or a similar emotion theyare able to relate to. 7. SSttyylleeMixtureMixture is a term for when the styles of performance and narrativeare both used together within a music video. The style of mixture canbe argued as the most common within music videos due tocatching an audiences attention quickly and using a wider range ofshots which portray strong emotions and a story which is easy for theaudience to relate to. This style is used through many genre of musicwhen making music videos and are able to engage viewers andportray the meanings of the lyrics.A clear example of mixture is Kelly Clarkson Since youve beengone allowing the audience to watch the artist herself perform thesong and create a relationship with the artist being a fan.Furthermore being able to relate to the story line and charactersand so allowing one to relate the emotions and lyrics to a personalsituation creating personal identities as well as group through allthose that like the artist and song. 8. SSttyylleeCameoThe style of cameo is used to describe a music video thatfeatures the artist but as a character within the narrativeand does not perform the song within the music video.An example of this is Drake and Rhianna Whats myname as both artists are featured as characters within thevideo yet do not perform their song. This style of musicvideo is considered the least popular when making a musicvideo yet when done successfully allows the audience tocreate a personal relationship with the artist andunderstand their emotions as well relate the lyrics to theirown lives. This meaning when considering the uses andgratifications theory all four points are met. 9. CCaammeerraa The camera angles and shots within a music videoare essential in making the video successful andemphasise the lyrics and emotions to theaudience. Music videos use a wide variety ofshots and angles to create different effects nomatter what style has been chosen. Music videos use a range of shots and movementsto capture what is happening with the scene aswell as create various emotions that theaudience are able to relate to. The constantchanging of the camera shot allows the musicvideo to be deemed as interesting and engagingfor the viewer and so will be successful. 10. CCaammeerraaThe camera angles which can be seen within a musicvideo include;Wide shot this shot focuses mainly on the locationthe video is being shot in, with some cases having theartist or character visible in the distance or edge ofthe frame.Mid Shot Mid shots capture the top half of the bodytypically being used when artists are singing into thecamera and so enabling the audience to capturetheir facial/body expressions, location and relate tothe lyrics through the artist singing them. 11. CCaammeerraa Close up The close up shot shows the singers faceto be centre frame and main focus in shot. Theface is the main attraction and so the audienceis unable to see the surroundings. This shot is usedto capture facial expressions or during importantlyrics which will allow the audiences to engagewith them.These are a few basic camera angles which are seenin music videos.