CODE OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS - iccrc-crcic · PDF fileCODE OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS 2016-001 ......
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CODEOFPROFESSIONALETHICS 2016-001
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Version:2016-001LastModified:March11,2016
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TableofContents
ARTICLE1. INTENTIONOFCODE...............................................................................................................5
1.1 Purpose............................................................................................................................................51.2 DisciplineforNon-compliance.........................................................................................................5
ARTICLE2. INTERPRETATION.....................................................................................................................5
2.1 InterpretationConsistentwithBylawsandRegulations..................................................................52.2 DefinedTerms..................................................................................................................................5
ARTICLE3. DUTYOFGOODFAITH.............................................................................................................6
3.1 DutyofGoodFaith...........................................................................................................................6
ARTICLE4. DUTYTOTHEICCRCANDITSMEMBERS.................................................................................7
4.1 ReportingBreachesoftheCode......................................................................................................74.2 ProhibitionAgainstFalseorMisleadingPublicStatements.............................................................74.3 DutyofCivility..................................................................................................................................7
ARTICLE5. DUTYOFCOMPETENCE...........................................................................................................7
5.1 DutyofContinuingCompetence......................................................................................................75.2 NatureofCompetence.....................................................................................................................75.3 ObligationifNotCompetent............................................................................................................7
ARTICLE6. QUALITYOFSERVICE...............................................................................................................8
6.1 MaintenanceofQualityService.......................................................................................................86.2 DeliveryofClientDocuments...........................................................................................................86.3 ResponsibilityforAgentsandStaff..................................................................................................8
ARTICLE7. ADVISINGCLIENTS...................................................................................................................8
7.1 HonestyandCandourRequired.......................................................................................................87.2 ResponsetoIllegality.......................................................................................................................8
ARTICLE8. DUTYTOMAINTAINCONFIDENTIALITY...................................................................................9
8.1 MaintenanceofConfidentiality........................................................................................................98.2 ConfidentialitySurvivesRetainer.....................................................................................................98.3 ProtectionofConfidentialInformation............................................................................................98.4 DisclosureProhibited.......................................................................................................................98.5 ExceptionforDefenceofAllegations...............................................................................................98.6 ExceptionforCollections..................................................................................................................9
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ARTICLE9. CONFLICTSOFINTEREST.......................................................................................................10
9.1 ProhibitionWhereConflict.............................................................................................................10
ARTICLE10. THEMEMBERASADVOCATE.................................................................................................10
10.1 AdvocacyDuties.............................................................................................................................10
ARTICLE11. WITHDRAWALFROMREPRESENTATION...............................................................................10
11.1 WhenWithdrawalRequired...........................................................................................................1011.2 WhenWithdrawalOptional...........................................................................................................1011.3 WithdrawalonOtherBasis............................................................................................................1011.4 WithdrawalonFailuretoPay.........................................................................................................1111.5 MemberActionRequiredonWithdrawal......................................................................................11
ARTICLE12. ADVERTISINGANDPROMOTIONOFSERVICES.....................................................................11
12.1 MandatoryIdentification...............................................................................................................1112.2 EndorsementsandTestimonials....................................................................................................1112.3 UseoftheICCRC’sDesignationandLogo......................................................................................11
ARTICLE13. ERRORSANDOMISSIONS......................................................................................................12
13.1 ErrorsandOmissionsInsuranceRequired.....................................................................................1213.2 RequiredActionuponDiscoveryofSomethingthatMaybeDamagingtoaClient.......................12
ARTICLE14. RESPONSIBILITYTOICCRCANDOTHERS...............................................................................12
14.1 MaintenanceofContactInformation.............................................................................................1214.2 ObligationtoRespondtotheICCRC...............................................................................................1214.3 RestrictiononCommunicatingwithComplainant.........................................................................12
ARTICLE15. ADDITIONALRESPONSIBILITYOFMEMBERSPRACTISINGINTHEPROVINCEOFQUÉBEC....12
15.1 DealingswiththeGovernmentofQuébec.....................................................................................1215.2 Non-AdherencetoAnActRespectingImmigrationtoQuébec.....................................................1315.3 ViolationofQuébecImmigrationLaws..........................................................................................13
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ARTICLE1. INTENTIONOFCODE
1.1 Purpose1.1.1 ThisCodesetsstandardsofconductforMembers,thefairandefficientenforcementofwhich
shouldprotectthepublicfromunethicalorincompetentpracticebyMembers.
1.2 DisciplineforNon-compliance1.2.1 ThisCodeisbindingonallMembers.MemberswhofailtocomplywiththisCodewillbesubject
todisciplinaryproceedings.
ARTICLE2. INTERPRETATION 2.1 InterpretationConsistentwithBylawsandRegulations2.1.1 TheinterpretationofthisCodeshallbeconsistentwiththeICCRC’sBylawsandRegulationsin
forceatthetimeoftheconductcomplainedof,unlessthecontextotherwiserequires.
2.2 DefinedTermsInthisCode:
2.2.1 TermsusedinthisCodehavethesamemeaningasthesametermsusedintheICCRCBylawsandRegulationsunlessdefineddifferently.
2.2.2 “Bylaws”meanthebylawsofICCRC.2.2.3 “ConductUnbecomingaMember”meansconduct
(A) intheMember’sprofessionalcapacitythatis
(i) notspecificallyprohibitedinthisCode;(ii) substantiallysimilartoconductthatisspecificallyprohibitedinthisCode,or;(iii) takingadvantageofaperson’svulnerabilityduetoage,inexperience,lackof
educationorillhealthtothedetrimentofthatperson,withorwithoutanybenefittotheMember.
(B) intheMember’spersonalcapacitythatisrelevanttotheMember’sprofessionalcapacity,including:
(i) dishonesty,breachoftrustorfraud,evenintheabsenceofanycriminalorcivilproceeding;
(ii) committingacriminalactorotherstatutoryoffence,whetherornotconvictedofit,thatdemonstratestheMember’slackoftrustworthinessormentaloremotionalstability.
2.2.4 “DesignatedLegalRegulatoryBody”meansalawsocietyofaprovinceorterritoryorthe
ChambredesnotairesduQuébec.
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2.2.5 “IRB”meanstheImmigrationandRefugeeBoardandanyofitsstaff,branchesordivisions. 2.2.6 “MemberUnderSuspension”meansaMemberofICCRCwhoselicensetopracticehasbeen
suspended,butnotrevoked.
2.2.7 “Officer”meansanypersonorclassofpersondesignatedasOfficersbytheMinistertocarryoutanypurposeoranyprovisionoftheIRPAortheCitizenshipAct.
2.2.8 “Practice”meansprofessionalworkundertakenbyaMemberinconnectionwithany
applicationorproceeding,orpotentialapplicationorproceeding,undertheIRPAortheCitizenshipAct.
2.2.9 “ProfessionalMisconduct”meansconductintheMember’spracticethatisinconsistentwith
thisCode,including:
(i) breachingorattemptingtobreachanyrequirementoftheIRPAortheCitizenshipAct;
(ii) recklesslyorwilfullyattemptingtomisleadanyemployeeoragentofICCRCinvestigatingacomplaintagainsttheMemberoranyotherperson,orknowinglywithholdinganyrelevantinformationordocumentinsuchaninvestigation;
(iii) knowinglyassistingorinducinganEmployeeorAgentofaMembertoengageinconductprohibitedbyclause2.2.9(i)or(ii);
(iv) misappropriatingorotherwisedealingdishonestlywithmoneyorpropertyinconnectionwithaMember’spractice;
(v) offering,promising,statingorimplyingthattheMemberwillinfluenceanygovernmentagencyorofficialtomakeapositivedecisioninanyimmigrationmatter;
(vi) offering,promising,statingorimplyingthatusingorcontinuingtousetheservicesoftheMemberwillresultinafavourableexerciseofdiscretionbyIRCC;
(vii) clauses2.2.9(vi)and(vii)donotpreventaMemberfrompromotingoradvertisinganabilitytoadvocateonbehalfofhisorherclient,totrytoinfluenceapositivedecisionorexerciseofdiscretion;
(viii) engaginginanynon-educational,remunerativeactivityinfurtheranceoftheMember’spracticewhilehavingthestatusofMemberUnderSuspension.Forgreatercertainty,theMembermaytakeprofessionaldevelopmentcoursesduringthesuspensionperiod.
ARTICLE3. DUTYOFGOODFAITH 3.1 DutyofGoodFaith3.1.1 EveryMembershalldischarge,ingoodfaith,allresponsibilitiestoClients,governmentagencies,
theIRB,colleagues,andanyothersaffectedinthecourseoftheMember’spractice.
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ARTICLE4. DUTYTOTHEICCRCANDITSMEMBERS 4.1 ReportingBreachesoftheCode4.1.1 SubjecttothedutyofClientconfidentiality,aMembershallpromptlyreporttotheICCRCany
conductbyanyMemberorAgentthatisinconsistentwiththisCode.Whereverpossible,theMembershallfirstrequestanexplanationfromthispersontoassistindeterminingwhetherthereisanyobligationtoreporttheconduct.
4.2 ProhibitionAgainstFalseorMisleadingPublicStatements4.2.1 AMembershallnotmakeapublicstatementaboutanotherRCICinhis/hercapacityasa
Member,abouttheICCRCitself,oraboutanyemployeeorotherpersonretainedbytheICCRC,thatisfalseormisleadinginthegeneralimpressionitgives.IftheMembermakessuchapublicstatementandattemptstoconcealtheMember’sidentitythatincreasestheseriousnessoftheoffence.
4.3 DutyofCivility4.3.1 AMembershallbecourteousandcivilinallprofessionaldealingswiththecourts,theIRB,
governmentOfficersorofficials,clients,Members,AgentsandtheICCRCitself. ARTICLE5. DUTYOFCOMPETENCE
5.1 DutyofContinuingCompetence5.1.1 AMembershallatalltimescontinuetobecompetenttoperformanyservicestheMember
undertakesforaClientintheMember’spractice,andshallnotundertakeanytaskorservicethattheMemberisnotfullycompetentbyknowledgeandexperiencetohandle.AMembershallperformallservicesonbehalfaClientcompetently.
5.2 NatureofCompetence5.2.1 Tobecompetentincludes:
(i) understanding,andbeingabletointerpretandapply,thestatutes,regulations,relevantjudicialdecisionsandinterpretationsofthefederalandprovinciallaws,policiesandadministrativepracticesapplicableatthetimetothematterundertakenonbehalfofaClient;
(ii) topresentoralandwrittenargumentsonbehalfoftheclient;and(iii) tobefamiliarwiththeregulatoryrequirementsoftheICCRC.
5.3 ObligationifNotCompetent
5.3.1 AMemberwholackstheknowledgeandexperiencetocompleteataskorserviceincompliancewithArticles5.1and5.2shalleitherdeclinetoactorobtaintheClient’sconsenttoretain,consultorworkwithanotherpersonwhoiscompetentandlicensedtoperformthattaskorservice.
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ARTICLE6. QUALITYOFSERVICE
6.1 MaintenanceofQualityService6.1.1 AMembermust,atalltimes,usebesteffortsto:
(i) meetallapplicabledeadlines; (ii) conductClientaffairsinanefficient,cost-effectivemanner;(iii) communicatewiththeClientatallnecessarystagesofamatterinatimelyandeffective
way;(iv) engageaninterpreterorotherhelpwhennecessaryforcompetentservice;and(v) pursuetheappropriateprofessionaldevelopmenttrainingtomaintainandenhance
knowledgeandskills.6.2 DeliveryofClientDocuments6.2.1 IfaMemberneedstodeliverClientdocumentstoIRCCoranyothergovernmentorgovernment
agent,theMembershallmakebesteffortstoensurethat:
(i) thedocumentstobedeliveredarecompletedproperlyandsigned,ifrequired;(ii) thepackageofdocumentsiscomplete;and(iii) thedocumentsaredeliveredtotherightaddressee,intherightplace,andbefore
anyapplicabledeadline.6.3 ResponsibilityforAgentsandStaff6.3.1 AMemberisresponsiblefortheactsoromissionsoftheMember’sAgentsandEmployees
carriedoutinthecourseoftheirduties,andshallensurethatallAgentsandEmployeesconductthemselvesinaccordancewiththisCodeandallrelevantRegulationsoftheICCRC.
ARTICLE7. ADVISINGCLIENTS
7.1 HonestyandCandourRequired7.1.1 AMembermustbehonestandcandidwhenadvisingClients.
7.2 ResponsetoIllegality7.2.1 WhenaMemberisemployedorretainedandaskedtodoanythingtheMemberknowsorought
toknowisdishonest,fraudulentorotherwiseillegal,theMembershall:
(i) advisethepersonfromwhomtheMembertakesinstructionsthattheproposedconductwouldbedishonest,fraudulentorillegal,andshouldbestopped;and
(ii) if,despitetheadvice,thepersonstillintendstopursuetheproposedcourseofconduct,withdrawfromactinginthematter,inaccordancewithArticle11.
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ARTICLE8. DUTYTOMAINTAINCONFIDENTIALITY
8.1 MaintenanceofConfidentiality8.1.1 AMembershallholdinstrictconfidence,atalltimes,allinformationconcerningthepersonal
andbusinessaffairsofaClient,andshallnotdisclosesuchinformationunless:
(A) thedisclosureis:
(i) expresslyorimpliedlyauthorizedbytheClient;(ii) requiredbyaCanadiancourt;or(iii) requiredbyastatuteorregulationofCanada;or
(B) theMemberhasabonafidebeliefthatthedisclosureisrequiredbyaprovinciallaw.
8.2 ConfidentialitySurvivesRetainer8.2.1 AMembershallpreservetheconfidentialityoftheClient’sinformationindefinitely,evenafter
theMemberhasfinishedactingfortheClient.8.3 ProtectionofConfidentialInformation8.3.1 AMembershalltakeallreasonablestepstoensuretheprivacyandsafekeepingofaClient’s
confidentialinformation.TheMembershallkeeptheClient’spapersandotherpropertyoutofsight,aswellasoutofreach,ofthosenotentitledtoseethem.
8.4 DisclosureProhibited8.4.1 AMembershallnotdisclosethefactofhavingbeenconsultedorretainedbyapersonunless
thenatureofthematterrequiressuchdisclosureorisauthorizedbytheClient.8.5 ExceptionforDefenceofAllegations8.5.1 TheMembermaydiscloseconfidentialinformation,totheextentnecessary,todefend
allegationsmadeagainstaMemberinacourtoradministrativetribunal(includinganydisciplinaryproceedingoftheICCRC),ifitisallegedthattheMemberortheMember’sAgentsorEmployeeshave:
(i) committedanoffenceinvolvingaClient’saffairs;(ii) incurredcivilliabilityinamatterinvolvingaClient’saffairs;or(iii) engagedinconductthatiscontrarytotheCode.
8.6 ExceptionforCollections
8.6.1 AMembermaydiscloseconfidentialinformationinacourtoflawtoestablishorcollectprofessionalfeesordisbursements.
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ARTICLE9. CONFLICTSOFINTEREST
9.1 ProhibitionWhereConflict9.1.1 AMembershallnotadviseorrepresentpartieswithpotentiallyoractuallyconflictinginterests
inanimmigrationmatterunless,afteradequatedisclosuretoeachparty,allpartiesconsentinwriting.
ARTICLE10. THEMEMBERASADVOCATE
10.1 AdvocacyDuties10.1.1 WhenactingastheClient’sadvocatebeforegovernmentofficialsortheIRB,theMembershould
presenttheClient’scasefirmlyandpersuasivelyandwithinthelimitsofthelaw,whiletreatingtheIRBmembers,theMinister,Officersandotherpartieswithcourtesyandrespect.
ARTICLE11. WITHDRAWALFROMREPRESENTATION
11.1 WhenWithdrawalRequired11.1.1 AMembershallwithdrawastheClient’srepresentative,if:
(i) dischargedbytheClient;(ii) instructedbytheClienttodosomethingillegalorincontraventionofthisCode;(iii) theMember’scontinuedinvolvementwillplacetheMemberinaconflictofinterest;
or(iv) theMemberisnotcompetenttohandlethematter.
11.2 WhenWithdrawalOptional11.2.1 AMembermay,butisnotrequiredto,withdrawastheClient’srepresentativeiftherehasbeen
aseriouslossofconfidencebetweentheMemberandClient,includingif:
(i) theClienthasdeceivedtheMember;(ii) theClienthasfailedtogiveadequateinstructionstotheMember;or(iii) theClienthasfailedtoacceptandactupontheMember’sadviceonasignificant
point.
11.3 WithdrawalonOtherBasis11.3.1 InsituationsnotcoveredbyArticles11.1and11.2,aMembermaywithdrawastheClient’s
representativeonlyifthewithdrawal:
(i) willnotprejudicetheClient’sinterests;and(ii) isnotdoneforanimproperpurpose.
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11.4 WithdrawalonFailuretoPay11.4.1 Where,afterreasonablenotice,theClientfailstopaytheMember’sfeesordisbursementsas
agreed,aMembermaywithdrawastheClient’srepresentativeunlessseriousprejudicetotheClientwouldresult.
11.5 MemberActionRequiredonWithdrawal11.5.1 Upondischargeorwithdrawal,aMembershall:
(i) delivertotheClientalldocuments,filesandpropertythatbelongtotheClient;(ii) givetheClientalltheinformationthatmayberequiredinconnectionwiththe
matter;(iii) accountforallfundsoftheClientheldorpreviouslydealtwith,andrefundanyfunds
notearnedduringtheretainer;(iv) promptlyrenderanaccountforanyoutstandingfeesanddisbursements;(v) co-operatewiththesuccessorsoastominimizeexpenseandavoidprejudicetothe
Client;and(vi) makebesteffortstonotifyinwriting,within10days,anygovernmentagencywhere
theMember’snameappearsasrepresentativefortheClient.
ARTICLE12. ADVERTISINGANDPROMOTIONOFSERVICES12.1 MandatoryIdentification12.1.1 InanyadvertisingorotherpromotiononbehalfofaMember,orofaFirminwhichaMember
hasanyinterest,theMembershallensurethattheMember’snameasregisteredwithICCRCisprominentlydisplayedatornearthebeginningoftheadvertisingorpromotion.Thismandatoryidentificationappliesregardlessofwhetherthemediumusedisprint,radio,televisionortheinternet,andforgreatercertainty,includesbusinesscards,websitesandsocialmedia.
12.2 EndorsementsandTestimonials12.2.1 AMembermayuseendorsementsandtestimonialsintheMember’sadvertisingandpromotion
providedthatanysuchendorsementortestimonial:
(i) hasactuallybeengivenbyaClientorformerClient;(ii) istrueandaccurate;and(iii) hasbeenreviewedandapprovedinwritingforpublicusebytheClientorformer
Client.12.3 UseoftheICCRC’sDesignationandLogo12.3.1 AMembershallusetheICCRC’sdesignationandtheICCRC’slogoonlyasmaybepermittedby
anICCRCpolicyorRegulation,andonlyincompliancewithClause12.1.
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ARTICLE13. ERRORSANDOMISSIONS
13.1 ErrorsandOmissionsInsuranceRequired13.1.1 EveryMembershallmaintainerrorsandomissionsinsuranceofnolessthantheminimum
amountrequiredbytheICCRCfromtimetotime.
13.2 RequiredActionuponDiscoveryofSomethingthatMaybeDamagingtoaClient13.2.1 IfaMemberdiscoversthatheorshehasdonesomething,orfailedtodosomething,thatisor
maybedamagingtoaClientandthatcannotbecorrectedreadily,theMembershall:
(i) promptlyandfullyinformtheClientofwhatwasdoneornotdone,withoutadmittingorcharacterizingthisasanerrororomission;
(ii) promptlyrecommendthattheClientobtainalawyer’sadviceconcerninganyrightstheClientmayhavearisingfromtheMember’sactionorinaction;
(iii) promptlyandfullyinformhisorhererrorsandomissionsinsuranceprovider;(iv) promptlyandfullyinformtheICCRCthattheerrorsandomissionsinsuranceprovider
hasbeeninformed;and(v) decide,inaccordancewithArticle11,whethertheMembershouldcontinueto
representfortheClient.
ARTICLE14. RESPONSIBILITYTOICCRCANDOTHERS
14.1 MaintenanceofContactInformation14.1.1 AMembershallimmediatelynotifytheICCRCandClientsofanychangesincontactinformation,
includingbusinessaddress,telephone,fax(ifavailable)andemailaddress.
14.2 ObligationtoRespondtotheICCRC14.2.1 AMembershallreplypromptlytoanycommunicationfromtheICCRC.
14.3 RestrictiononCommunicatingwithComplainant14.3.1 AMembershallnotcommunicatedirectlyorindirectlywithapersonwhohasmadeacomplaint
totheICCRCaboutthatMember,orwiththesuperiorofsuchaperson,withoutthepriorwrittenconsentoftheICCRC,andthenonlyincompliancewiththetermsofsuchconsent.
ARTICLE15. ADDITIONALRESPONSIBILITYOFMEMBERSPRACTISINGINTHEPROVINCEOFQUÉBEC15.1 DealingswiththeGovernmentofQuébec15.1.1 AMemberpracticingintheProvinceofQuébechavinganydealingswiththeGovernmentof
Québeconimmigration-relatedmattersshalladheretoAnActRespectingImmigrationtoQuébec,includingFrenchlanguagerequirementsandknowledgeofrelevantQuébeclaws.
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15.2 Non-AdherencetoAnActRespectingImmigrationtoQuébec15.2.1 AMemberpracticingintheProvinceofQuébecwhodoesnotadheretotheActRespecting
ImmigrationtoQuébecshall,inanyfederalproceedingwhereaQuébecimmigrationmatterarises,directClientstoseekadviceand/orrepresentationaboutQuébeclegislationandprogramsfromanotherMemberormemberofaDesignatedLegalRegulatoryBody,whomeetstherequirementsoftheQuébecimmigrationlegislation.
15.3 ViolationofQuébecImmigrationLaws15.3.1 AMemberwhocommitsanyviolationoftheQuébecimmigrationlawsshallbedeemedtohave
engagedinProfessionalMisconduct.