Cochlear implant surgery - OIFECochlear implantation: the device The cochlear implant has two parts:...
Transcript of Cochlear implant surgery - OIFECochlear implantation: the device The cochlear implant has two parts:...
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Gunta Sumeraga MD PhD Asisstant profesor Riga Stradiņš University See, Hear, Smile! Rīga 15.06.2019.
Cochlear implant surgery
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The Ear: how we hear
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http://www.tulane.edu/~howard/BrLg/_images/audtrans-OrganCortiLocation.png
Theinnerear,theorganofCorti
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Hearing loss in case of Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Conductive hearing loss Incomplete ossification, fixation and or fracture of the ossicles could be the reason for conductive hearing loss. Sensorineural hearing loss • Incomplete ossification and degeneration of the cochlea
lead to different severity of a sensorineural hearing loss. • The incidence increases with age, however also young
patients could be revealed with sensorineural or mixed hearing loss
• Pillion JP, Shapiro J. Audiological findings in osteogenesis imperfecta. J Am Acad Audiol. 2008 Sep;19(8):595-601.
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Cochlear implantation: the beginning
• First, the cochlear implantation was invented in 1957 by André Djourno and Charles Eyriès as single electrode device,
• then by William House in 1961 and by Blair Simmons and • Robert J. White 1964 (Svirsky et al., 2017). • Later in the late seventies, the new multichannel cochlear implant was introduced to
the market with great success. • Nowadays, approximately 324,200 registered cochlear implant has been implanted
worldwide (US. Department of Health & Human Services, 2017).
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The cochlear implant: the diference between hearing aid
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The cochlear implant
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Cochlear implantation: the device
The cochlear implant has two parts: 1. the inner part. The inner part consists of the electrode and the corpus. The inner part of the cochlear implant is inserted via surgery in the temporal bone of the 2. the outer part (speech processor) looks similar to the hearing aid and consists of the microphone, a receiver/stimulator, which receives signals from the speech processor and converts them into electric impulses, battery pack, magnet coil. Both parts are connected via magnet through the skin of the patient providing electrical impulses directly to the cochlear nerve fibers
http://hearingbalanceutah.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/implant_processor.jpg
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Theindicationsforthecochlearimplant:• Severeprofoundhearingloss(bilateralorsinglesided)• Lessthan60%ofspeechunderstandinginspeechdiscriminationtest
https://s3.medel.com/images/professional+webpage/indications/single-sided-deafness.jpg
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The surgery
Thesurgeryisdoneundergeneralanasthesia.Thestepsoftheprocedureare:1. Theskinincision2. Themastoidectomy3. Thepreparationofthebonebedfortheimplantcorpus4. Insertionoftheelectrodeviatheroundwindoworthecochleostomy5. Measurements6. Closureofthewound
Essential:thefirstfittingis2-4weeksafterthesurgery,thespeechprocessorcouldbeconnectedtothedevice,andthefirstfittingofthedevicecouldbedone.
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1. Skin incision
Usuallynotbiggerthanincaseofmiddleearsurgery
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2. The mastoidectomy
http://www.drmkotb.com/myimages/Mastoidectomy%20and%20posterior%20tympanotomy.jpg
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3. The preparation of the bone bed for implant corpus and fixation
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4. Insertion of the electrode in the scala tympani via the round window or cochleostomy
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The measurements
Whentheelectrodeisintheplace,thetechnicianshouldcheckthedevice1. Telemetry-confirmsthatallelectrodeareinsidethecochlea2. Stapesreflex-visualmeasurement,buthelpfulforfittinglater3. ART-auditorynerveresponse
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The closure
• Doubleflap.• Avoidanystretching.• Drainaigefor24hifnecessary.• Stitchesusuallyareremovedafter10days.• Firstfitting-theconnectionbetweentheinnerpartandouterpart
couldn'tbeallowedbeforecompletehealingofthewound.
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TherearelimitednumbersofpublicationaboutcochlearimplantsincaseofOIHowever,implantsurgerycouldbechallenging;allthepublicationsreportedgoodfinalresults.TheChallengingmomentsforthecochlearimplantation:1. Bonebeddrilling-bleeding,poorhealinginearlystagesand
implantmigrationinlatestages.2. Thelandmarksforimplantation-thecochlea/promontorium/
roundwindow3. Electrodedisplacementduringinsertion-cochlearbone
demineralisationcouldleadtoelectrodedisplacementoutofscalatympani.
4. Facialnervestimulationlaterduringfitting.
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