COCCIDIOSIS - Diseases of Poultry - The Poultry Site

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11/03/2015 COCCIDIOSIS Diseases of Poultry The Poultry Site http://www.thepoultrysite.com/publications/6/diseasesofpoultry/206/coccidiosis 1/5 Subscribe | Marketing Packages | Forums | Cookie Law | Search here Follow Bacterial Diseases ESCHERICHIA COLI INFECTIONS SALMONELLOSES PARATYPHOID INFECTIONS FOWL CHOLERA RIEMERELLA ANATIPESTIFER INFECTI MYCOPLASMA NECROTIC ENTERITIS CHOLANGIOHEPATITIS IN BROILER CH GANGRENOUS DERMATITIS BOTULISM AVIAN TUBERCULOSIS Viral Diseases VIRAL INCLUSION BODY HEPATITIS HAEMORRHAGIC ENTERITIS OF TURKE EGG DROP SYNDROME 1976 ADENOVIRUS GROUP I ASSOCIATED INFECTIOUS BURSAL DISEASE (GUMB INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS (IB) LARYNGOTRACHEITIS SWOLLEN HEAD SYNDROME INFECTIOUS ENCEPHALOMYELITIS NEWCASTLE DISEASE FOWL POX REOVIRUS INFECTIONS Neoplastic Diseases in Poultry VIRUSINDUCED NEOPLASTIC DISEAS LYMPHOID LEUKOSIS MYELOCYTOMATOSIS ERYTHROBLASTOSIS ADENOCARCINOMATOSIS Parasitic Diseases COCCIDIOSIS HISTOMONOSIS ASCARIDIOSIS RAILLIETINOSIS KNEMIDOKOPTOSIS Mycoses and Mycotoxicoses ASPERGILLOSIS ASPERGILLUS GRANULOMATOUS DER AFLATOXICOSIS CANDIDIASIS FUSARIOTOXICOSES Deficiency Diseases VITAMIN B2 DEFICIENCY VITAMIN Bi DEFICIENCY VITAMIN E DEFICIENCY FATTY LIVER HAEMORRHAGIC SYNDR SLIPPED TENDON (PEROSIS) Other PULMONARY HYPERTENSION (ASCITIS AMYLOIDOSIS DEEP PECTORAL MYOPATHY RUPTURE OF THE GASTROCNEMIUS T CAGE LAYER FATIGUE DYSCHONDROPLASIA THYPERKERATOSIS COCCIDIOSIS 346.Coccidiosis is a common protozoan disease in domestic birds and other fowl, characterized by enteritis and bloody diarrhoea. The intestinal tract is affected, with the exception of the renal coccidiosis in geese. Clinically, bloody faeces, ruffled feathers, anaemia, reduced head size and somnolence are observed. 347.The area around the vent is stained with blood. The infection is realized by a faecaloral route. After ingestion of sporulated (infective) oocysts, sporozoites are released that enter asexual and sexual cycles of development resulting in the emergence of thousands of new oocysts in the intestines. Oocysts are distributed by faeces. Soon, they sporulate and become infective for chickens. 348.The intestinal lesions provoked by coccidia, are due to injury of the epithelial cells of the mucous coat where the parasites are developed and multiplied. The Our Sponsors Partners Pas Reform Novogen Vencomatic Group Petersime AB Vista ECO Animal Health CID LINES Biomin HyLine International rl consulting Jansen Poultry Equipment Halamid Grimaud Freres 3.2k Like Book Contents Diseases of Poultry By Ivan Dinev, DVM, PhD News & Analysis Features Markets & Reports Knowledge Centre Business Directory Events Our Shop Our sites

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COCCIDIOSIS

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    BacterialDiseasesESCHERICHIACOLIINFECTIONSSALMONELLOSESPARATYPHOIDINFECTIONSFOWLCHOLERARIEMERELLAANATIPESTIFERINFECTIONSMYCOPLASMANECROTICENTERITISCHOLANGIOHEPATITISINBROILERCHICKENSGANGRENOUSDERMATITISBOTULISMAVIANTUBERCULOSIS

    ViralDiseasesVIRALINCLUSIONBODYHEPATITISHAEMORRHAGICENTERITISOFTURKEYSEGGDROPSYNDROME1976ADENOVIRUSGROUPIASSOCIATEDINFECTIONSINFECTIOUSBURSALDISEASE(GUMBORO)INFECTIOUSBRONCHITIS(IB)LARYNGOTRACHEITISSWOLLENHEADSYNDROMEINFECTIOUSENCEPHALOMYELITISNEWCASTLEDISEASEFOWLPOXREOVIRUSINFECTIONS

    NeoplasticDiseasesinPoultryVIRUSINDUCEDNEOPLASTICDISEASESMAREK'SDISEASELYMPHOIDLEUKOSISMYELOCYTOMATOSISERYTHROBLASTOSISADENOCARCINOMATOSIS

    ParasiticDiseasesCOCCIDIOSISHISTOMONOSISASCARIDIOSISRAILLIETINOSISKNEMIDOKOPTOSIS

    MycosesandMycotoxicosesASPERGILLOSISASPERGILLUSGRANULOMATOUSDERMATITISAFLATOXICOSISCANDIDIASISFUSARIOTOXICOSES

    DeficiencyDiseasesVITAMINB2DEFICIENCYVITAMINBiDEFICIENCYVITAMINEDEFICIENCYFATTYLIVERHAEMORRHAGICSYNDROMESLIPPEDTENDON(PEROSIS)

    OtherPULMONARYHYPERTENSION(ASCITIS)SYNDROMEINBROILERCHICKENSAMYLOIDOSISDEEPPECTORALMYOPATHYRUPTUREOFTHEGASTROCNEMIUSTENDONINBROILERBREEDERSCAGELAYERFATIGUEDYSCHONDROPLASIATHYPERKERATOSIS

    COCCIDIOSIS

    346.Coccidiosis is a common protozoan disease in domestic birds and other fowl,characterizedbyenteritisandbloodydiarrhoea.The intestinal tract isaffected,withthe exception of the renal coccidiosis in geese. Clinically, bloody faeces, ruffledfeathers,anaemia,reducedheadsizeandsomnolenceareobserved.

    347.The area around the vent is stained with blood. The infection is realized by afaecaloral route. After ingestion of sporulated (infective) oocysts, sporozoites arereleased that enter asexual and sexual cycles of development resulting in theemergenceofthousandsofnewoocystsintheintestines.Oocystsaredistributedbyfaeces.Soon,theysporulateandbecomeinfectiveforchickens.

    348.The intestinal lesions provoked by coccidia, are due to injury of the epithelialcells of the mucous coat where the parasites are developed and multiplied. The

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    GOUTHYPERANDROGENISMINBROILERCHICKENSEFFECTOFSTICKYWILLY(GALIUMAPARINE)SEEDSONHEALTHYSTATUSANDPRODUCTIONTRAITSINBROILERCHICKENSGIZZARDIMPACTIONINTURKEYPOULTSROUNDHEARTINTURKEYS(DILATEDCARDIOMYOPATHY)ACUTESELENIUMINTOXICATIONACUTEPROPANEBUTANEINTOXICATIONSPONTANEOUSRUPTUREOFTHECAUDIALRENALARTERYINTURKEYSSUBCUTANEOUSEMPHYSEMAGASTROINTESTINALIMPACTIONMALFORMATIONS

    oocysts exist in the litter in premises and are distributed by clothes, shoes, dust,insects etc. Pathoanatomically, dehydration and a high degree of anaemia of thebodyandvisceraarediscovered.

    349.Anaemicappearanceof internalorgans.Thewet litterand theheat inpremisesfavourofthesporulationandtherefore,theoutbreakofcoccidiosis.

    350.351.Depending on the localization of lesions in intestines, the coccidioses aredivided into caecal, induced by E. tenella, and small intestinal, induced by E.acervulina,E.brunetti,E.maxima,E.mitis,E.mivati,E.necatrix,E.praecoxandE.nagani. In caecal coccidiosis, a marked typhlitis is present and haemorrhages areseenthroughtheintestinalwall.

    352.Thecaecaarefilledwithfreshorclottedblood.

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    353.a laterstage, thecaecalcontentbecomesthicker,mixedwith fibrinousexudateandacquiresacheeselikeappearance.

    354.355.356.In small intestinal coccidioses, depending on the eimeria species,haemorrhages with various intensities in different parts along the intestine areobserved. In many instances, the haemorrhages are petchial and could be seenthroughtheintestinalwall.

    357.Sometimes,areationoftheintestinallymphoidtissueispresent.

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    358.359.The content is mixed with fresh or clotted blood, and the mucous coat ismottledwithmultiplepetechialorlargerhaemorrhages.

    360.Histologically,Eimeriaorganismsatavariousstageofdevelopmentaredetectedin the epithelial intestinal cells. The diagnosis is made upon the results of thecomplex evaluation of the clinical picture, the macroscopic lesions, imprintpreparations, histological study and flotation. Coccidioses should be differentiatedfromNE,UEandhistomonosis(typhlohepatitis).Treatmentsulfonamidesarewidelyused:sulfadimethoxine,sulfaquinoxaline, Isulfamethazine,but theyshouldnot Ibeused in layer hens. The supplementation I of vitamins A and K promotes therecovery.

    361.The microscopic examination of a native preparation of intestinal content orsuperficialmucosal layerrevealsasignificantnumberofoocysts inoneobservationfield.Prevention. Theuseof coccidiostaticswith foragesona rotation basis is themost extensively used means. The immunization against coccidiosis withcommercialvaccinesisusedinbroilerbreederflocks.Ifthechickensareexposedtothenaturaleffectofamoderatenumberofoocystsintheirenvironment,theydevelopimmunitytotherespectiveparasiticspecies.

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