CNS
-
Upload
remedios-willis -
Category
Documents
-
view
46 -
download
2
description
Transcript of CNS
![Page 1: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CNS
Brain
![Page 2: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Brain Regions
•Cerebral hemispheres•Diencephalon•Brain stem•Cerebellum
![Page 3: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
•Cerebral hemispheres
![Page 4: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
1. Cerebral Hemispheres
• Majority of brain• Called cerebrum • External appearance
– Gyri – elevated ridges– Sulcus – shallow grooves– Fissures – deep sulci that separate
brain regions
![Page 5: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Gyrus
Sulcus
![Page 6: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
•Fissure (deep sulcus)
![Page 7: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
•Cerebral lobes are created by fissures
![Page 8: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
4 Lobes of Brain:
1. Parietal: interpret touch2. Temporal: auditory info3. Frontal: memory, judgment,
and logic4. Occipital: vision
![Page 9: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Cerebral Gray Matter
•Gray matter = Cerebral cortex
![Page 10: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Cerebral Gray Matter
•Consists of cell bodies of neurons
• FX: speech, memory, movement, sensation, consciousness
![Page 11: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Cerebral White Matter
•White matter = Neuron fiber tracts (myelinated axons)
![Page 12: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Cerebral White Matter
•Carries impulses to or from the cortex
![Page 13: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Cerebral White Matter
•Corpus callosum = large fiber tract– Connects the hemispheres:L & R Brain
![Page 14: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
2. Diencephalon
• Connects the cerebrum to the brain stem– Thalamus– Epithalamus– Hypothalamus
![Page 15: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Diencephalon
• Thalamus = Relay station for sensory nerves from spinal cord to cerebrum
![Page 16: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Diencephalon
• Epithalamus = Pineal gland (melatonin)– induces sleep
![Page 17: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Epithalamus
![Page 18: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Diencephalon
• Hypothalamus = Hormone master gland– Connects to Pituitary-> - secretes hormones–Body temp, hunger, thirst, fatigue, sleep
![Page 19: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
3. Brain Stem
• Midbrain = connects Pons to Diencephalon
![Page 21: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Brain Stem
• Pons = important in breathing
![Page 22: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Brain Stem
• Medulla oblongata – Most inferior in stem– Merges with spinal cord– Helps regulate vital organ functions: heart rate, BP, & breathing
![Page 23: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: CNS](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/568131a5550346895d98146c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
4. Cerebellum
• Compares the brain’s intentions with its performance
• Coordinating center for activity: – Movement– Balance– Coordination