(CNC)azad.ac.ir/uploads/8_46_1380807367600_CNC_final.pdf26/11/1434 3 5 Evolution of CNC Machines...
Transcript of (CNC)azad.ac.ir/uploads/8_46_1380807367600_CNC_final.pdf26/11/1434 3 5 Evolution of CNC Machines...
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(CNC)
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Evolution of CNC Machines
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Evolution of CNC Machines
Parsons
MIT
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Evolution of CNC Machines
Numerical Control(NC)
TapePunch
Tape ReaderMachine Control
Unit
MCU
6
Evolution of CNC Machines
NC.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
Direct Numerical Control (DNC)DNC
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Evolution of CNC Machines
DNC
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Evolution of CNC Machines
DNCNC
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
DNC
.1
.2
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Evolution of CNC Machines
ComputerNumerical Control (CNC)
CNC
.
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Evolution of CNC Machines
CNC
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
FMSCAD/CAM
.6
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Evolution of CNC Machines
DNCCNC
Direct Computer Numerical Control (DCNC)Distributed Numerical Control (DNC)
.1
.2
.3
.4FMS,
.CAD/CAM
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.1Mass Production
.2Batch Production
.3Job Shop Production
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.1Mass Production
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.2Job Shop Production
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.1Batch Production
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Quantity
Variety
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Quantity
Variety
Special
SystemCIMS
FMS
CNC
•
.1PLC
.2
.3
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Stiffness
Backlash
Screw & Nut
Rack & Pinion
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Screw & Nut
Recirculating Ball screws
Roller screw
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Recirculating Ball screws
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Recirculating Ball screws
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Recirculating Ball screws
.
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Recirculating Ball screws
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Recirculating Ball screws
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Recirculating Ball screws
Backlash
Pre-load Recirculating Ball screws
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Recirculating Ball screws
.1
.2
.
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/Roller screw
Recirculating Roller Screw
Planetary Roller Screw
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Positional Transducer
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Output Transducer
.1
.2Spindle
.3
.4
.5
.6
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Positional Transducer
feed back
Resolution-- AccuracyPrecision
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Positional Transducer
.1
.2
.3
.4
.1LinearRotary
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Positional Transducer
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Positional Transducer
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/ وسائل اندازه گير موقعيت Positional Transducer
Encoders
Machine Datum
Binary Code
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Positional Transducer
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Positional Transducer
Direction Discriminatornn
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Positional Transducer
.3
40
Positional Transducer
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Positional Transducer
Brush
Decode
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Positional Transducer
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Positional Transducer
Ambiguity Error
Gray / Progressive Scale
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Positional Transducer
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21
22
23
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Binary Code
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Positional Transducer
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Gray / Progressive Scale
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Machine Control System
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Machine Control Unit
.1
.2
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Machine Control System
Interpolation
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Machine Control System
.1Point-to-Point
.2
.3
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Machine Control System
.1Continuous Path (Contouring)–
.2
.iLinear Interpolation
.iiCircular Interpolation
.iiiParabolic Interpolation
.ivHelical Interpolation
.vCubic Interpolation
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Machine Control System
.iLinear Interpolation
.ii
52
Machine Control System
.iiCircular Interpolation–
.iii
.
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Machine Control System
.1Open Loop–Stepper
54
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56
Machine Control System
.2Closed Loop–
.3
Feed Back
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Electronic Industries Association (EIA)International Standard Organization (ISO)
60
Alphanumeric
Parity Check
ISOEIAISOEIA
BinaryCoded Decimal (BCD)
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ضبط، نگهداري و انتقال اطالعات
.I
.II
.1
.2
.3
.4
.1
.2
62
.2–
Decode
.3
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.4–
.5
EIA, ISO
64
Manual Programming
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65
66
.1Manual Part Programming
.2
.3Parametric Programming
.4Geometric Programming
.1Manual Part Programming–
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تهيه برنامه
.2–
.3
.4
68
.3Parametric Programming–
.4Geometric Programming–
MasterCam, EdgeCam, Catia, PowerMill, …
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70
x,y,z
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72
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.1Fixed Sequential
.2Block Address
.3Tab Sequential
.4Word Address
74
.1Fixed Sequential–
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.2Block Address–
Space Bar
76
.3Tab Sequential
Tab
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.4Word Address–
Address
78
G17, G18, G19
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Absolute coordinate
G90
80
Incremental coordinate
G91.
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.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
.8
.9
.10
82
N4 G2 X6 Y6 Z6 M2 I6 J6 K6 S4 F3 R6 D2 T2
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N
G
X, Y, Z
M
I, J, K
S
F
R
D
T.
84
Manual Programming
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85
50
30
2016
86
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
.8
.9
.10
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87
Z
X
P X Z
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
22mm
88
N10
P0
P1
P X Z
P0 20 50
P1 11 -1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
N10 G00 X11 Z-1
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N11
P2
P X Z
P0 20 50
P1 11 -1
P2 0 -1
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
N11 GO1 X0 Z-1
90
N12
P3
P X Z
P0 20 50
P1 11 -1
P2 0 -1
P3 9 1
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
N12 G00 X9 Z1
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N13P4
P X Z
P0 20 50
P1 11 -1
P2 0 -1
P3 9 1
P4 9 -31
P5
P6
P7
P8
N13 G01 X9 Z-31
92
N14
P5
P X Z
P0 20 50
P1 11 -1
P2 0 -1
P3 9 1
P4 9 -31
P5 10 1
P6
P7
P8
N14 G00 X10 Z1
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93
N15
P6
P X Z
P0 20 50
P1 11 -1
P2 0 -1
P3 9 1
P4 9 -31
P5 10 1
P6 8 1
P7
P8
N15 G00 X8 Z1
94
N16P7
P X Z
P0 20 50
P1 11 -1
P2 0 -1
P3 9 1
P4 9 -31
P5 10 1
P6 8 1
P7 8 -31
P8
N16 G01 X8 Z-31
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95
P X Z
P0 20 50
P1 11 -1
P2 0 -1
P3 9 1
P4 9 -31
P5 10 1
P6 8 1
P7 8 -31
P8 11 -31
N17 G01 X11 Z-31
N17
P8
96
P X Z
P0 20 50
P1 11 -1
P2 0 -1
P3 9 1
P4 9 -31
P5 10 1
P6 8 1
P7 8 -31
P8 11 -31
N18 G00 X20 Z50
N18
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97
N0 G90N1 G00 X11 Z-1N2 GO1 X0 Z-1 F120N3 G00 X9 Z1N4 G01 X9 Z-31 F120N5 G00 X10 Z1N6 G00 X8 Z1N7 G01 X8 Z-31 F120N8 G01 X11 Z-31 F120N9 G00 X20 Z50N10 M30
98
Manual Programming
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99
50 10
100
X
Y
P X Y Z
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
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101
P X Y Z
P0 10- 10- 10
P1 0 0 10
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P0
P1
N10
N10 G00 X10 Y10 Z0
102
P X Y Z
P0 10- 10- 10
P1 0 0 10
P2 0 0 10-
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P2
N20
N20 G01 X0 Y0 Z-20
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103
P X Y Z
P0 10- 10- 10
P1 0 0 10
P2 0 0 10-
P3 50 0 10-
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P3N30
N30 G01 X50 Y0 Z0
104
P X Y Z
P0 10- 10- 10
P1 0 0 10
P2 0 0 10-
P3 50 0 10-
P4 50 50 -10
P5
P6
P7
P8
N40
P4
N40 G01 X0 Y50 Z0
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105
P X Y Z
P0 10- 10- 10
P1 0 0 10
P2 0 0 10-
P3 50 0 10-
P4 50 50 -10
P5 0 50 10-
P6
P7
P8
N50P5
N50 G01 X-50 Y0 Z0
106
P X Y Z
P0 10- 10- 10
P1 0 0 10
P2 0 0 10-
P3 50 0 10-
P4 50 50 -10
P5 0 50 10-
P6
P7
P8
N60
P2
N60 G01 X0 Y-50 Z0
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107
P X Y Z
P0 10- 10- 10
P1 0 0 10
P2 0 0 10-
P3 50 0 10-
P4 50 50 -10
P5 0 50 10-
P6
P7
P8
N70
P4
N70 G01 X50 Y50 Z0
108
P X Y Z
P0 10- 10- 10
P1 0 0 10
P2 0 0 10-
P3 50 0 10-
P4 50 50 -10
P5 0 50 10-
P6 50 50 2
P7
P8
N80
P6
N80 G00 X0 Y0 Z12
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109
P X Y Z
P0 10- 10- 10
P1 0 0 10
P2 0 0 10-
P3 50 0 10-
P4 50 50 -10
P5 0 50 10-
P6 50 50 2
P7 0 50 2
P8
N90
P7
N90 G00 X-50 Y0 Z0
110
P X Y Z
P0 10- 10- 10
P1 0 0 10
P2 0 0 10-
P3 50 0 10-
P4 50 50 -10
P5 0 50 10-
P6 50 50 2
P7 0 50 2
P8
N100P5
N100 G01 X0 Y0 Z-12
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111
N110
P3
P X Y Z
P0 10- 10- 10
P1 0 0 10
P2 0 0 10-
P3 50 0 10-
P4 50 50 -10
P5 0 50 10-
P6 50 50 2
P7 0 50 2
P8N110 G01 X50 Y-50 Z0
112
N120
P8
P X Y Z
P0 10- 10- 10
P1 0 0 10
P2 0 0 10-
P3 50 0 10-
P4 50 50 -10
P5 0 50 10-
P6 50 50 2
P7 0 50 2
P8 50 0 2N120 G00 X0 Y0 Z12
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113
N130
P0
P X Y Z
P0 10- 10- 10
P1 0 0 10
P2 0 0 10-
P3 50 0 10-
P4 50 50 -10
P5 0 50 10-
P6 50 50 2
P7 0 50 2
P8 50 0 2N130 G00 X-60 Y-10 Z8
114
N00 G91
N10 G00 X10 Y10 Z0
N20 G01 X0 Y0 Z-10 F100
N30 G01 X50 Y0 Z0 F150
N40 G01 X0 Y50 Z0 F150
N50 G01 X-50 Y0 Z0 F150
N60 G01 X0 Y-50 Z0 F150
N70 G01 X50 Y50 Z0 F150
N80 G00 X0 Y0 Z12
N90 G00 X-50 Y0 Z0
N100 G01 X0 Y0 Z-12 F100
N110 G01 X50 Y-50 Z0 F150
N120 G00 X0 Y0 Z12
N130 G00 X-60 Y-10 Z8
N140 M30
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115
CNC simulator
116
Tool Radius Compensation
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117
118
P4
P1 P2
P3
Q4
شعاع قلم R
Q3
Q2Q1
X
Y
Q X Y
Q1 XP1-R YP1-R
Q2 XP2+R YP2-R
Q3 XP3+R YP3+R
Q4 XP4-R YP4+R
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119
–
αP1 P2
P3
Q2
Q2
XQ2 = XP2 + Rtgα/2
YQ2 = YP2 - R
X
Y
120
–
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121
–
αP1 P2
P3
X
Y
Q2
Q2
XQ2 = XP2 + R/tgα/2
YQ2 = YP2 - R
M2
N2
122
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123
α
r
LΔ
Δ= r - L
P1P2
P3
)2
tan(
rL
124
Z
ZA =
ZB = Z1+ Δz
ZC = Z2 + Δz
ZD = Z3 - Δz
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125
Tool Radius Compensation
126
G41
G42
P1 P2
ISO
G42G41
G41
G42
G41
G42
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127
) ISOISO
توضيحدستور رديف
1G00
2G01
3G02
4G03
5G10
6G11
7G12
8G13
128
توضيحدستور رديف
1G24/G25
2G26/G27
3G28
4G30/G31
5G40
6G41/G42
7G54
8G79
9G76,G77,G78,G83
G98
G90/G91
G99
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129
130
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Catia
.1
.2
.3
132
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133
Subroutine, Cycle, Macro
134
Subroutine / Sub programming
Macro
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136
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Cycle
138
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139
140
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141
142
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144