Integumentary System

CNA 2 OSBN Curriculum

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Anatomy & PhysiologyConsists of

◦Skin◦Hair◦Nails◦Glands

Group of TissuesLargest Organ

Epidermis◦Outer Layer

Dermis◦Inner Layer◦Connective Tissue◦Oil Glands◦Sweat Glands

Help Regulate Body Temp

◦Blood Vessels/Nerves

Structure of the skin

ProtectionExcretionTemp. RegulationSensory Sensation/PerceptionTakes Vit. D

Functions

Reveals General Body Health Fever = Hot, Dry, Skin Strenuous Activity = Red/Flushed Pallor Oxygen Content in the /Blood

General Health

Excessive Pressure on Tissue Decreased Blood Circulation Damage to Skin and Underlying Structures

Pressure Ulcers

Regular Skin Inspection Frequent Turning of Immobile Pt.s Protection to Bony Parts Pressure Reducing Mattress Lifting Devices Reduction of

◦ Moisture◦ Soiling

Frequent Skin Care

Prevention & Treatment

Check Skin◦Bathing/Dressing/Transferring /Etc◦Applying TEDs/SCDs◦Where:

Boney Prominences

What to Look For◦Changes in

Color/Temp/Rashes Odor/Sores/Pain

Observation & Reporting

Report Abnormals to NurseKeep Skin

◦Clean and Dry◦Barrier Cream

Frequently Turn/Re-PositionDaily Skin Inspections

CNA 2 Actions

Inflammatory Rash Itchy & Red Venous Stasis Dermatitis Treatment

◦ Avoid Irritant◦ Keep Clean

DO NOT Apply Prescription ◦ Lotions◦ Ointments◦ Creams

Dermatitis

Worsening of Dermatitis◦Severe Itching◦Pain

Infection◦Warmth◦Redness◦Swelling

Elevated Temp

Observation & Reporting

Report Abnormals to Nurse Remove Irritating Agent as Directed

CNA 2 Actions

Common: Redness/Irritation Scales Hereditary Exacerbations and Remissions Trigger Attack

◦ Stress◦ Injury◦ Medications

Goal of Treatment◦ Control Sx’s◦ Prevent Infections

Medical Emergency◦Covering Much of Body

Psoriasis

Pinkish Red Patches of Skin Dry Patches w/Silvery Flaky Skin Thick Patches of Skin Pain Severe Itching Joint Pain/Aching Nail Changes

◦ Thickening◦ Yellow-Brown Spots◦ Dents◦ Separation from the base

Observation & Reporting

Report Abnormals to NurseAssist w/Bathing Daily

◦Do NOT ScrubObserve for Spreading ScalesEmotional Support

CNA 2 Actions

Shingles Varicella Virus Elderly Stressed Immune Compromised 10 Days-2 Weeks Painful Blisters Along Nerve Tracks Neuralgia Long After Outbreak Cleared

Herpes Zoster

Flu-Like Sx’s◦ Fever◦ Headache◦ Fatigue

Rash: ◦ Red/Sensitive/Sore Skin

Pain◦ Buring/Throbbing/Ithcing/Tingling

Light Sensitivity Swollen/Dry Eyes Blurred Vision Diplopia

Observation & Reporting

Report Abnormals to NurseFollow Contact Precautions

CNA 2 Actions

Purpura◦ Purplish, Hemorrhagic Spots◦ Near the Surface of the Skin

Small = PetechiaeLarge = EcchymosisAppears in Very Sick Patients

Purpura

Report to Nurse Stat

CNA 2 Actions

Lice/Parasites Infest

◦ Scalp◦ Pubic Hair◦ Full Body

Eggs Attach to◦ Hair Shafts◦ Clothing◦ Furniture

Spread◦ Clothing◦ Furniture◦ Bed Linen◦ Shared Hats◦ Hairbrushes

Treated w/Shampoos & Creams

Pediculosis

Itching of ScalpNits Attached to HairLice ObservedOutbreak

Observation & Reporting

Report Abnormals to NurseContact Precautions

◦Use Gloves Isolation

◦Until 24 hrs. after Tx. BeganTreatment

◦Apply Lotion to Dry Hair & Saturate◦Set 10 min◦Rinse◦Repeat in 1 Week

CNA 2 Actions

Itch Mite Burrows Under the SkinHighly Itchy Rash w/TracksSame HouseholdPhysical ContactShared

◦Clothing/Towels/BeddingTreat Immediately

Scabies

Intense ItchingSkin Irritations

◦Hives/Insect Bites/Blister◦Btwn: Finger/Armpits/Creases

Fever/Red Streaks/Pain/SwellingSores

◦Get Worse◦Do Not Heal

Observation & Reporting

Report Abnormals to Nurse USE GLOVES Contact Precautions Skin-Skin Transmission Isolation 24 Hrs after Tx

CNA 2 Actions

This project was funded $3,000,000 (100% of its total cost) from a grant awarded under the Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training Grants, as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. Rogue Community College is an equal opportunity employer/program. Auxiliary aids and services, alternate form and language services are available to individuals with disabilities and limited English proficiency free of cost upon request.

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