CLS 2407 CLS 2407 War and Society in the War and Society in the

Roman WorldRoman WorldFall 2011Fall 2011

Tuesdays and ThursdaysTuesdays and Thursdays

10 – 11:20 10 – 11:20

In A 252In A 252

SummarySummary

1. Course Mechanics1. Course Mechanics 2. Introduction to Roman Warfare2. Introduction to Roman Warfare 3. Periodization3. Periodization

The InstructorThe Instructor

Dr. Ilse MuellerDr. Ilse Mueller Office: H 339Office: H 339 Tel. 474 3450 X 4423Tel. 474 3450 X 4423 Email: ilsem@nipissingu.caEmail: ilsem@nipissingu.ca Office Hours: Tue and Thu 12:30-1:30Office Hours: Tue and Thu 12:30-1:30

1. Southern, Pat, 1. Southern, Pat, The Roman Army, A The Roman Army, A Social and Institutional HistorySocial and Institutional History, Oxford , Oxford 2007 2007

2. J. Rich and G. Shipley, eds., 2. J. Rich and G. Shipley, eds., War War and Society in the Roman Worldand Society in the Roman World, , Routledge 1995Routledge 1995

3. B. Campbell, 3. B. Campbell, The Roman Army, 31 The Roman Army, 31 BC – AD 337, A SourcebookBC – AD 337, A Sourcebook, , Routledge Routledge

Grade DistributionGrade Distribution

Mid-term test in class 45 minMid-term test in class 45 min 20% 20% Thursday Oct. 27 Thursday Oct. 27 Term project (presentation/essayTerm project (presentation/essay 30% 30% due dates throughout the termdue dates throughout the term Final ExamFinal Exam 40% 40% in exam periodin exam period Participation/attendanceParticipation/attendance 10%10%

Presentations/EssayPresentations/Essay

Students have the choice of giving Students have the choice of giving an oral presentation (including a an oral presentation (including a short written version of about 3 short written version of about 3 pages) pages)

Topics and dates will be available for Topics and dates will be available for sign-up next Tuesdaysign-up next Tuesday

or or a formal research essay of about a formal research essay of about 6 pages. 6 pages.

Oral PresentationOral Presentation Students who sign up for an oral presentation will Students who sign up for an oral presentation will

deliver an oral in-class presentation worth 30% of deliver an oral in-class presentation worth 30% of their final mark. Each student will present for no more their final mark. Each student will present for no more than 10 minutes on one of the given topics. Sign-up than 10 minutes on one of the given topics. Sign-up for topics will begin on Tuesday of Week 2. A copy of for topics will begin on Tuesday of Week 2. A copy of the presentation must be submitted for approval at the presentation must be submitted for approval at the the latestlatest by the Tuesday before the presentation is by the Tuesday before the presentation is due. due.

Students will also have to submit a write-up of the Students will also have to submit a write-up of the presentation which must include scholarly references presentation which must include scholarly references and a bibliography indicating all primary and and a bibliography indicating all primary and secondary sources used in the presentation. secondary sources used in the presentation.

Details will be provided.Details will be provided.

Write-up of PresentationWrite-up of Presentation

A write-up of the presentation must A write-up of the presentation must be handed in at the next class after be handed in at the next class after the presentation. The write-up must the presentation. The write-up must be about 3 pages in length, written in be about 3 pages in length, written in complete sentences and include complete sentences and include proper citations to the sources used proper citations to the sources used (both primary and secondary (both primary and secondary sources) as well as a bibliography.sources) as well as a bibliography.

Research Essay in place of Research Essay in place of PresentationPresentation

Students will complete a 6 page formal Students will complete a 6 page formal research paper on a prescribed topic, research paper on a prescribed topic, worth 30% of your final grade. The essay worth 30% of your final grade. The essay must: 1. Contain a clear thesis statement, must: 1. Contain a clear thesis statement, 2. Utilize a minimum of 3 different primary 2. Utilize a minimum of 3 different primary sources, 3. Demonstrate an awareness of sources, 3. Demonstrate an awareness of the problems involved in using those the problems involved in using those sources, 4. Critically engage the secondary sources, 4. Critically engage the secondary scholarship on the chosen topic. scholarship on the chosen topic.

Topics and details will be providedTopics and details will be provided

CLAS 2407 CLAS 2407 War and Society in the Roman War and Society in the Roman

WorldWorld This course will examine the causes of This course will examine the causes of

organized violence and the evolution of organized violence and the evolution of warfare in ancient Rome from the eighth warfare in ancient Rome from the eighth century BCE to the collapse of the Western century BCE to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. Organization, strategy, Roman Empire. Organization, strategy, tactics, and technology will be studied, tactics, and technology will be studied, however, special attention will be paid to however, special attention will be paid to the social, cultural, economic and political the social, cultural, economic and political consequences of Roman warfare and consequences of Roman warfare and imperial expansion.imperial expansion.

Questions?Questions?

Defining WarDefining War

What is War?What is War? How many forms of war are there?How many forms of war are there?

Defining WarDefining War Oxford English Dictionary (Oxford English Dictionary (OEDOED): War = ): War = Strife, Strife,

usually between nations conducted by armed usually between nations conducted by armed force; hostility between persons; efforts against force; hostility between persons; efforts against crime or disease etccrime or disease etc. .

Types of WarfareTypes of Warfare War between states. War between states. Defensive warfare, offensive warfareDefensive warfare, offensive warfare Civil war (i.e. clan war, class war, factional Civil war (i.e. clan war, class war, factional

struggle,) struggle,) Imperial conquest. Imperial conquest. ‘‘police’ actions: suppression of revolts (i.e. police’ actions: suppression of revolts (i.e.

Slave Revolts); suppression of piracySlave Revolts); suppression of piracy

Why do we study Why do we study ancient warfare?ancient warfare?

Why we study Roman Why we study Roman warfarewarfare

Warfare seems to be a fundamental part Warfare seems to be a fundamental part of the ‘human condition’of the ‘human condition’

allows us to understand human conflict allows us to understand human conflict then and nowthen and now

Warfare was a constant in the history of Warfare was a constant in the history of Rome and an integral part of political, Rome and an integral part of political, social, and cultural life social, and cultural life

Allows us to compare the role, function, Allows us to compare the role, function, and consequences of war in ancient Rome and consequences of war in ancient Rome and in today’s world.and in today’s world.

PeriodizationPeriodization 753 BCE - Traditional date for the founding of 753 BCE - Traditional date for the founding of

Rome Rome

753 BCE – 509 BCE: Regal Period 753 BCE – 509 BCE: Regal Period

509 BCE – 31 BCE: Republican Period509 BCE – 31 BCE: Republican Period

30 (27) BCE – 284 CE: Principate 30 (27) BCE – 284 CE: Principate

284 CE – 476 CE: Dominate284 CE – 476 CE: Dominate

Sources for Roman WarfareSources for Roman Warfare

Historiography (i.e. written histories)Historiography (i.e. written histories) ArchaeologyArchaeology Epigraphy Epigraphy Sculpture (i.e. triumphal arches, Sculpture (i.e. triumphal arches,

funerary monuments, statues)funerary monuments, statues) Numismatics (i.e. coins)Numismatics (i.e. coins) Literature (speeches, legal writings, Literature (speeches, legal writings,

drama, poetry, philosophy etc.)drama, poetry, philosophy etc.)

The Barbarians Humbled:The Barbarians Humbled:Augustan Denarius With a kneeling GaulAugustan Denarius With a kneeling Gaul

http://www.vroma.org/images/mcmanus_images/augcoingaul.jpg

Triumphal ArchTriumphal Arch‘testido’ formation‘testido’ formation

Victory Trophy on Triumphal Victory Trophy on Triumphal ArchArch

QuestionsQuestions