Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Let's list pro / cons Own bike / Car and you drive yourself ?

Complete Independence

Expensive and hard to maintain – petrol, oil, air, …..

Bike/Car pool with your friend ?

No need to drive by yourself , friend maintains the vehicle

Dependent on your friend

You take a lift from a stranger ?

No guarantee of reaching to MZOS

You use public transport eg: PMT, tum-tum

Least expensive and zero maintenance

Least privacy

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Challenge : Expenditure on Data Centers and human resources– Physical Infrastructure, Security

– Power, Cooling, Cabling, Fire Safety

– Resource utilizationData centers are notoriously underutilized, often idle 85% of the

time: Reasons - – Over provisioning – Insufficient capacity planning and sizing

Industry faces similar challenge as you do !

Industry faces a similar challgeOnly this time challenge is to run the company smoothly !

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The solution

What is Cloud Computing?

From 'wikipedia' -

– Cloud computing is a style of computing in which dynamically scalable and often virtualized resources are provided as a service over the Internet. Users need not have knowledge of, expertise in, or control over the technology infrastructure in the "cloud" that supports them

Single sentence definitions :-)

– “Cloud Computing” is providing computing and storage resources

as a service.

– “Cloud Computing” is using IT infrastructure as a service

Roughly, it describes highly scalable computing resources provided as an external service via the internet on a pay-as-you-go basis.

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What is a Cloud?

Individuals Corporations Non-Commercial

Cloud Middle WareStorage Provisioning

OSProvisioning

NetworkProvisioning

Service(apps)Provisioning

SLA(monitor), Security, Billing, Payment

Services Storage Network OS

Resources

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Why the word 'Cloud'?

The solutionThe solutionThe solutionThe solution

The 'cloud' is a metaphor forthe Internet

The name is derived from itscommon depiction in networkdiagrams as a cloud outline.

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Why use Cloud Computing

Stop bothering about Infrastructure: No need to spend time on deciding on the best infrastructure and designing data centre. A web browser gets you access to the infrastructure.

Stop bothering about Software Licenses: Licensing and associated license compliance taken care by cloud vendor.

Open Standards based: Internet standards and web services fuel the cloud.

Quick deployment: Ease of provisioning / de-provisioning

Flexibility: Scale up and down as required. Flexibility to choose applications/services based on your need without any vendor lock-ins

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Cloud computing - Characteristics Agility – On demand computing infrastructure

Linearly scalable – challenge

Reliability and fault tolerance Self healing – Hot backups, etc SLA driven – Policies on how quickly requests are processed

Multi-tenancy – Several customers share infrastructure, without compromising privacy and security of each of the customer’s data

Service-oriented – compose applications out of loosely coupled services. One service failure will not disrupt other services. Expose these services as API’s

Virtualized – decoupled from underlying hardware. Multiple applications can run in one computer

Data, Data, Data Distributing, partitioning, security, and synchronization

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Cloud Computing – Key Technology Elements

Virtualization– Server Virtualization (Hypervisors, LPARs)– Storage Virtualization– Network Virtualization

Infrastructure Management– Automated Provisioning– Self-service portal (Add/Remove,Start/Stop servers)

Workload Management– Resource Reservation & Resource Scheduling

The key to dynamic infrastructure services are the virtualization environment and its management.

The combination of these ensures that resources in a data center are efficiently managed and can be provisioned, deployed and configured rapidly

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Cloud Computing – Anatomy

Software as a Service (SaaS)Gmail, GoogleCalenderPayroll, HR, CRM etcSugarm CRM, IBM Lotus Live

Platform as a Service (PaaS)Middleware, Intergation, Messaging, Information, connectivity etcAWS, IBM Virtual images, Boomi, CastIron, Google Appengine

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)IBM Blue house, VMWare, Amazon EC2, Microsoft Azure Platform, Sun Parascale and more

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Cloud Computing – Models / Flavours

Public/External Clouds Public clouds exposeservices to customers,businesses andconsumers on theInternet.

Private/Internal Clouds A private cloud providesservices to only oneclient.

Hybrid CloudsCombination of bothpublic and private clouds

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Cloud computing - issues

Governance Security, Privacy and control SLA guarantees Ownership and control Compliance and auditing

Sarbanes and Oxley Act Reliability

Good service provider with 99.999% availability Cloud independence – Vendor lockin?

Cloud provider goes out of business Data Security Cloud lockin and Loss of control

Plan for moving data along with Cloud provider Cost? Simplicity? Tools Controls on sensitive data?

Out of business Big and small

Scalability and cost outweigh reliability for small businesses

Big businesses may have a problem

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Commercial clouds

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What would you do to implement Cloud Computing ?

Always Up- even during and after upgrade, i.e no restart !

- maintain backup , restore it

Consistent Data- data should never get corrupted - multiple writes - multiple reads 'may' be required

Maintain privacy- honour SLA's , privacy statements- agree to data secrecy contracts – typically drawn before providing remote services

Anywhere Access- think about 'all' types of devices

Mini Project Idea for Cloud Computing - Create an email service - Multi people chat service - Photo sharing application