Clothes Wringers and Cold Process Mangles [Technical Facts Told in a Comprehensive Way] (1915)
Transcript of Clothes Wringers and Cold Process Mangles [Technical Facts Told in a Comprehensive Way] (1915)
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3 1924 003 596 370
CLOTHES WRINGERSAND
COLD PROCESS MANGLES
Cornell University
Library
The original of tiiis book is in
tine Cornell University Library.
There are no known copyright restrictions in
the United States on the use of the text.
http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924003596370
Technical Facts Told in a
Comprehensive Way
COMPILED THROUGH A DESIRE
THAT ITS PAGES MAY BE OF
REAL VALUE TO THE TEACHER
AS WELL AS TO THE STUDENT
OF DOMESTIC SCIENCE
Copyright, 1915
By LOVELL MANUFACTURING CO.
TABLE OF CONTENTS page
Introductory 3
CLOTHES WRINGERSBearings
Ball Bearings 12
Metal Bearings 12
Wood Bearings 12
Clamps (Tub)"Hold Fast" for round tubs 5
Wood, for stationary tubs 7-8
Extension, for stationary tubs 7
For unit porcelain tubs 9
Mott clamps 14
Friction, reduction of 12
Gears or CogsRegular, outside of frame 4
Enclosed, inside of frame 13
Oiling .^ . .
.
14
Pressure, regulation of 13
Prices, comparative 6-10
Rolls
Qualities 10
Black rolls 11
Pressure vs. squeeze 10
Cleansing 11
Injury to 4
Sizes, Comparison of, small and large 3
Suggestions, for care 11-12-14
Tension, adjustment of 13
TypesImportance of selecting 3
Wringers for round portable tubs 4-5
Wringers for stationary tubs 6-7
Wringers for porcelain tubs 8-9
Wringers for power 14
"One Way" wringers 4-5
Folding Bench Wringers 9
WarrantyFor regular family use 10
Power wringers 14
Water BoardsRigid 5
Reversible 13
WringingSuggestions for 11-12-13
Results obtained by wringers 3
Results obtained by hand 3
MANGLESTable, small 15
Floor, large 15
Results secured 15
Clothes Wringers
THROUGH YEARS OF MANUFACTURING EVOLUTIONclothes wringers have reached the present perfection in
general appearance, details of construction and capabilities
for service.
Perhaps no other article of domestic utility is given such indif-
ferent care, has so much required of it, and is so little understood.
Coupled with these real facts, is the further condition that the
clothes wringer which is not suited forthe particular service required
of it, although unknown to the user, naturally begets a condition of
dissatisfaction, in which fault is found with the clothes wringer, the
dealer who sold it and the manufacturer who produced it.
The saving of time and the expenditure of muscular exertion,
through the use of a clothes wringer, is so fully realized throughout
the United States that argument seems unnecessary.
^Pair of Ball Bearing Rolls
It is well to note, however, that, as opposed to wringing by hand,
the resilient rubber rolls of a good clothes wringer lighten the labor
and without injury to fabrics thoroughly extract loosened dirt, as well
as the saponic element, also giving an evenness to the distribution
of the bluing, all of these points being indifferently performed through
wringing by hand.
Clothes wringers of the smallest size (fitted with rolls 10 x If
inches) are suitable only for light work, but wringers with rolls of
eleven or twelve inches will readily handle large pieces, and will
wonderfully increase the efficiency, ease and rapidity of wringing.
TYPES OF CLOTHES WRINGERSWe give to this feature the place of greatest prominence and
importance. Mention of three types will serve our purpose, divided
:
CLOTHES WRINGERS FOR ROUNDPORTABLE TUBS ("One Way").
CLOTHES WRINGERS FOR STATIONARY TUBS.
CLOTHES WRINGERS OPERATED BY POWER.
CLOTHES WRINGERS FOR ROUND TUBSThis type of clothes wringer will be found in catalogue No. 7, pages 8 to 60 inclusive.
The hinged or swinging tub clamp at once identifies this form of
clothes wringer as suited ONLY for use on round tubs.
The "Hold Fast" tub clamp takes its name from its adaptability
to securely affix the clothes wringer to the curved surface of
"One Way" Wringer No. 580 Guarantee
wooden tubs, those of fibre, as well as the thin walls of galvanized
iron wash tubs.
The illustration on this page shows this tjrpe of clothes wringer
on a round tub, from which it will be seen that the entire clothes
"One Way" Wringer No. 770 Bicycle
wringer, excepting only the clamp bracket arm and the clamp thumbscrew, is suspended over the tub.
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To direct the return into the tub of the water extracted as the
fabric passes between the rolls, this clothes wringer has fitted under-neath the rolls a rigid drip hoard.
It will be very clear that under no condition would there be a
requirement for the extracted water to flow over the tub upon the
floor. The opposite condition necessarily is required, and the con-
struction of this type of clothes wringer embodies that necessity.
"One-Way" Wringer
This wringer is commonly described by the trade as a "One Way"wringer. This is a comprehensive description and serves to define
the type, as opposed to wringers which are fitted with reversible
water boards for use on stationary tubs.
Hold Fast" Tub Clamp
No difficulty will be experienced in positively identifying the
"One Way" type of wringer, if you will associate the hinged or swing-
ing iron tub clamp with the "One Way" construction.
The usual width or opening of the "Hold Fast" clamp is one
and five-eights inches, a sufficient width to permit this wringer,
which is made only for round tubs, to be affixed to the partition of
some styles of stationary wash tubs. The wringer will then, as in
Section ofBall Bearing
"One Way" Iron Frame No. 750 Guarantee
the preceeding illustration of the round tub, be wholly suspended over
the left-hand stationary tub, say the one in which the suds or soapy
water is contained. The swinging clamp being particularly adapted
to adhere closely to the curvature of round tubs, will not hold well
upon the straight wall of the stationary tub and the operator will
find it necessary, after starting a garment between the rolls, to hold
the wringer down with the left hand.
The extracted water from garments wrung from the left-hand
tub will properly return to the same tub. Garments have now passed
into the right-hand tub for rinsing and the left-hand tub will have
been changed from the suds water to the bluing, or perhaps a second
clear water.
There will be found no mechanical reason why the wringer
cannot be revolved backwards, but overlooking the fact that the
wringer can be induced to take the garments backward, requiring
Reversible Waterboard No. 726S GuaranteeIron Frame
a change of hands on the handle, first left, then right hand, so that
the garments can be helped through without wrapping around the
lower roll, it will be found that the soapy rinse water is falling into
the tub containing the blue water, which illustrates the statement
that the "One Way" wringer is not adapted for use on stationary tubs.
The ordinary retail price for a given quality and type of "OneWay" wringer is but 50 cents to 75 cents less than the same type and
quality of wringer made with reversible water board, and suited to
service upon the partition of stationary tubs.
This price difference refers to those stationary tubs which do not
have a thickness of partition greater than two inches.
CLOTHES WRINGERS FOR STATIONARY TUBS(Partitions of which do not exceed two inches in thickness)
(Catalogue No. 7, pages 72 to 90)
The next illustration on this page presents this type, fitted, as
you will note, with metal clamp screws, which actuate the woodencross bar, on each end of
which is fitted a woodenblock, forming the contact
with the tub. This block
has a length of two andthree-quarter inches, suffi-
cient to insure great rigidity,
without any possibility for
injury to the material of
which the tub is made. Iron
clamps are seldom used, ow-ing to the damage which
results, particularly to slate
or SOapStOne tubs. no. 780-S Guarantee
Clothes wringers for stationary tubs, tops of which are fitted
with a wringer board or those stationary tubs which are
fitted with a frame work around the entire top
(Catalogue No. 7, pages 91, 92, 93)
These boards may be of
any width up to seven andone-half inches. A single type
of wringer will fit any of these
varying board widths, the
designation being "Extension
Clamp" wringer.
No. 954-E Guarantee Extension Clamp
This tjrpe of wringer is illustrated on this page, as is also a
separate view of the extension clamp.
The clutch or movable part on the end of the clamp, opposite
to the threaded thumb screw, can be moved into the various notches,
as may be required to accommodate the varying widths of the board
over partition.
All wringers of this type are designated by the letter "E" follow-
ing the number of the wringer, as number "211 E Guarantee."
Clothes wringers for units or individual porcelain tubs,
placed side by side, and without a wringer board, or
wooden frame work on top
(Catalogue No. 7, page 97)
But one type of wringer will serve this kind of stationary tub.
These are designated "XFF," fitted with rolls eleven inches long bytwo inches diameter, or "XGG," fitted with rolls twelve inches long
and two inches diameter.
"^-wFORPOBCELilNTOS*^^^/
No. XGG Guarantee
All parts of the wringer are rubber-faced where coming in con-
tact with the porcelain surface of the tubs.
Both of these wringers are made in two widths of clampopenings:
3i inches to 5 inches and
5J inches to 7 inches.
FOLDING BENCH WRINGERS(Catalogue No. 7, pages 61 to 71)
By reference to the illustration it will be seen that designationof this type is fully descriptive, a perfect support being provided at
a proper- height for two wash tubs.
Wringing can be done out of either
tub, into the other, as a reversible
water board is provided.
Bench wringers are made in all
qualities and with all the conven-iences, enclosed gears, ball bearings,
spiral springs, and galvanized threadson pressure screws.
The support for the tubs is so
hinged that it is readily folded
against the standard or center up-right, occupying when not in use only
Folding Bench Wringer the floor space of the Center footedupright. Folding bench wringers are particularly servicable in theabsence of stationary tubs.
791-P Guarantee
WRINGERS FOR UNIT OR SEPARATED PORCELAIN TUBS(Catalogue No. 7, pages 94, 95, 96)
On this page is illustrated wringer suited for use on end of roll
rim porcelain tubs, when used as units. This type of wringer is
fitted with rigid (not reversible) water board.
All parts of these wringers which come in contact with tub, are
faced with rubber.
RUBBER ROLLS
The most important part, in fact, the vital part of a clothes
wringer is the rubber roll. In the wringer business a distinction is
made between pressure and squeeze. Wooden or iron rolls will
produce pressure, but will be wholly wanting in squeeze.
The more resilient the rubber roll, the more perfect will be the
extraction of moisture, with a corresponding diminution of tension on
the springs; or, stating it in another form, the least exertion in operat-
Four Wringer Roils
ing a wringer is achieved through the use of the finest and mostresilient rolls.
At this point it is of interest to consider the importance, as well
as the perfection of manufacture, to be able to continuously produce
rubber rolls of dependable quality.
For wringers used in the home we attach a warranty tag to each
wringer according to the quality of rolls, which may be five-year
warranty, three-year warranty, or one-year warranty.
Warranty Tags
Between those wringers fitted with the one-year quality of rolls,
and the next quality, three years, considerably less than $1.00 exists
in the selling price at retail, although there is a difference of three
times the period of warranty in favor of the three-year wringer.
The same proportionate price difference maintains in comparing
the three-year quality with the five-year quality.
It will be found in our product that the resiliency of the rolls can
readily be noted by comparison.
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We have not yet been able to make a rubber roll which could betermed "Fool-proof." By this is implied that the best roll we knowhow to make, can be injured and flattened throughout its length if
the pressure screws are not relieved when wringer is not in use.
Further, the custom of placing the end of a garment between the
rolls, and reaching into the tub for another garment, meanwhileturning the crank, causes buttons and buckles to meet the rolls at
damaging angles. The surface of the rubber rolls is thereby cut.
Each time these points of injury come in contact with the opposite
roll, the cut is spread apart, washing compounds are forced into the
opening, and gradual disintegration naturally follows, less rapidly,
however, with the higher grades, than with the lower ones.
In wringing an entire lot, perhaps not more than two minutes
additional would be required to lift the garments parallel with the
rolls, thus insuring the rolls against injury from buttons or buckles,
certainly saving more than a corresponding expenditure of time to
sew on torn off or broken buttons.
CLEANSING OF RUBBER ROLLS
A good wringer roll, like the human hand, is absorbent, but is
as readily cleansed, preferably with tepid water and soap. This
cleansing of the rolls should be given immediately after each use of
the wringer and will insure snowy white rolls. Without this slight
attention, conditions highly unsanitary are possible.
By some a clothes wringer is used for extracting the excess from
garments which have been starched. After such use, particular
care should be given to thoroughly cleanse the entire surface of the
rubber rolls.
BLACK RUBBER ROLLS
Although not mentioned in our catalogue, we furnish wringers
fitted with black rubber rolls. We have a decided preference for
rolls of white rubber over those of black rubber, as there is no
real virtue in the dark color.
If soiled, the white roll readily shows the condition, whereas a
soiled condition of the black roll is apparent, perhaps only after
the soil has been transferred to a white garment.
BEARINGS
This word is used to describe that part of the clothes wringer in
which revolves the shaft extending beyond the end of the rubber roll.
Very much of interest is found in this point, which perhaps is less
thought of, or understood, than its importance would warrant.
METAL BEARINGS
In the early days of wringer construction wooden blocks were
used as bearings in which the iron shaft of the rolls revolved. Con-siderable friction naturally resulted between the iron
shaft and the softer element, and as the wood bear-
ings for the upper roll required frequent renewal to
insure perfect extraction of water, many years ago wediscarded the wood bearing for the more durable metal
bearing, made in such a form as to be easily
lubricated.
"Anchor Brand" clothes wringers can be had withUpper and LowerMetal Bearings
either metal bearings or
BALL BEARINGSBall bearing clothes wringers have the end of each roll fitted with
Lovell's Ball Bearings, that is to say, four complete ball bearings to
each wringer. But a trifling amount is added to the
selling price of the ball bearing wringer, as comparedwith the metal bearing wringer.
Our claim is that the ball bearing wringer, as wemake it, reduces friction 50 per cent. Some of our
enthusiastic friends claim this statement to be
inaccurate, declaring that friction is reduced fully
75 per cent.
It is of interest to consider that if the laundress need expend but
one-half of the usual exertion in turning the wringer, this reserve can
be considered of real value.
Ball Bearing as Fitted on Shaft of Roll
Just here we desire to draw a word picture of the average
laundress. Perhaps in your own experience you will have found the
counterpart.
Granting that the wringer when last used has had the pressure
on the rolls relieved by unscrewing the thumb screws on top, you will
see the laundress turn these screws down, then give the crank a turn
or two, alternating with several more turns on the pressure screws,
again turning the crank, the object being to put so pronounced a
tension on the spring as will cause the sensation of real muscle being
required to revolve the rolls of the empty wringer.
No one would think of adjusting the tension of a sewing machinein a similar manner, and it will at once be seen that the ball
bearing wringer, by this thoughtless method, may be adjusted with
actually hundreds of pounds pressure more than can possibly be
needed.
The correct way to determine the pressure, either on a metal
bearing or a ball bearing wringer, is to give an equal number of turns
to the pressure screws. Select an average size garment and pass
between the rolls. If found to be too moist, add a turn or two moredownward on the pressure screws until the desired extraction is
secured.
Naturally small articles, as well as extremely large ones, should
be favored by proportionate amount of tension.
ENCLOSED GEARS OR COG WHEELCOVERS
For the larger types of wringers, as used on
stationary laundry tubs, the enclosed gear does
not, perhaps, have the same value, as whenapplied to small "One Way" wringers, suited to
round portable tubs, although the enclosed gear
feature is gaining in popular favor on all types
of wringers.
This feature of bringing the cog wheels inside
of the frame and enclosing them, precludes any
possibility of little inquisitive fingers being inserted
between the cog wheels, also preventing the gar-
ments being caught between the cog wheels.
Enclosed Gears
REVERSIBLE WATER BOARDS
One infallible means for determining whether or not a wringer
is suited to a stationary tub, is to observe whether or not the wringer
is fitted with reversible water board. This facility is built into the
wringer in different forms, and cannot be purchased and affixed to
"One Way" wringers.
The ease with which the extracted water can be diverted into
either tub more than compensates for the comparatively small
additional cost on wringers which are provided with this facility.
MOTT CLAMPSThis is a designation used to describe the requirement for fitting
the special wringer board which is provided by the J. L. Mott Iron
Works, upon porcelain tubs of their manufacture.
The wringer board will be recognized by the metal band or hoop
which is fitted entirely around the board, there being two indentations
in the metal on each side, into which the wringer clamp of special
construction must fit with corresponding projections.
OILINGIt seems most natural to conclude that the laundress who will,
when finished with the wringer, cleanse the rolls and loosen the pres-
sure screws, would also carefully lubricate the bearings, for this is anattention which is most essential for ease of operation.
Vaseline, lard or thick grease of any kind is unsuited for the
wringer bearing. A good lubricating oil, applied a few drops at atime, will be all that is required, the frequency of application depend-
ing entirely upon the use of the wringer. Flooding of oil accomplishes
nothing but possible damage to the rolls, and in turn to the garments.
POWER WRINGERS(Catalogue No. 7, pages 101, 104.)
We do not supply motors of any kind. As noted in the catalogue,
we provide, when desired, pulleys for belt transmission, one pulley
running free, which makes it possible (by shifting the belt) to stopthe wringer without shutting off the power.
Invincible Wringer
The rubber rolls in all power wringers are made of highest gradematerials, but applying alike to all wringers which are operated bypower, no warranty is given of durability.
In laundry work the power wringer produces great capacity andinsures perfect extraction, without any possibility of damage to the
most delicate fabric. This is a most interesting statement of fact,
when compared with expensive power driven extractors.
COLD PROCESS MANGLES(Catalogue No. 7, pages 106, 111.)
Cold process mangles are rapidly gaining in popular favor,
owing to the fact that flat work, bed linen, towels, etc., whensmoothed out by the cold pro-
cess, are in the most perfectc o n d i t i n for absorption, andlonger life is guaranteed to the
fabric. These results are not
obtained under the searing,scorching treatment of anyheated process.
Each year sees a materialNo. 25 Niagara Ball Bearing Mangle . . , i i ,. i i
mcrease m the sale oi cold pro-
cess mangles, as they are thoroughly practical for all fabrics which
are without starch and without buttons.
Garland Mangle
Saving of fuel and immunity from heat, particularly during the
summer months, represent two important points for consideration.
Niagara and Princess Table Mangles do not require a table of
specific dimensions, as, owing to the clamp feature being on the
crank end only, they are easily affixed to any table or to a board.
There is a real joy in using a towel smoothed by this process, which
leaves the fabric in its highest efficiency for absorption and with the
out-of-door ozone still in evidence.
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"Anchor Brand"
CLOTHES WRINGERSAND
COLD PROCESS MANGLES
TRADE A Is k MARK
LOVELL MANUFACTURING CO.Erie,
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