Closing plenary - John Wilkin and David Maguire

Closing plenaryJohn Wilkin, Dean of libraries and university librarian at University of IllinoisDavid Maguire, Vice-chancellor University of Greenwich and Chair of Jisc

06/07/2016

01/05/2023

Infrastructure for research and collaboration in the United StatesJohn Wilkin, Dean of libraries and university librarian at University of Illinois

Radical Scatter:Infrastructure for research and collaboration in the United

States

DuraSpace registry repositoriesUS UK

Fedora, Dspace and VIVO 1046 102

DSpace 798 71

Fedora 148 27

Dspace (Academic) 194 53

Fedora (Academic) 81 19

4

5

united states42%

australia10%

united kingdom10%

lithuania8%

canada7%

spain3%

netherlands2%

switzerland2%

belgium2%

germany2%

ireland2%

austria1%

greece1%italy1%

new zealand1%

sweden1%

bosnia and herzegovina1%

colombia1%

denmark1%

korea1%

malaysia1%

norway1%peru1%

russia1%

serbia1%

ukraine1%

Fedora sites registered

united states australiaunited kingdom lithuaniacanada spainnetherlands switzerlandbelgium germanyireland austriagreece italynew zealand swedenbosnia and herzegovina colombiadenmark koreamalaysia norwayperu russiaserbia ukraine

Tenopir et al. “Research Data Services in Academic Libraries …”

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HathiTrust

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HathiTrust cost model• Based on overlap of print collections with HathiTrust digital

collections– Share in infrastructure costs for public domain volumes:

(PD*C*X)/N – Share in infrastructure costs for in copyright volumes based on holdings• For a given in copyright volume:

IC=(C*X)/H

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HathiTrust• 14.5 million digital volumes• UIUC has deposited > 500,000 digital volumes• Nearly half of UIUC’s 14m print volumes represented by digital surrogates• Preservation services that give continuous attention to fixity and format migration;

geographically disparate replication; rich preservation metadata• 5.6m public domain volumes• Tens of thousands of volumes opened by rights holders• Copyright determinations made on 300,000 US books published between 1923-

1963, opening > 50% of them• A cost of ~$35,000/year for UIUC

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SHARE Notify

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Digital Preservation Network (DPN) evolution• Originally– “future cost avoidance” and “realign[ing] current investments”– focused on “marquee data sets and content” – “lower costs across the research community through economies of scale” to preserve

the scholarly record; “primarily about: scaling and rationalization; cost reduction for preservation…; dependability; regaining control and costs of publishing; and enabling future scholarship.”

• Now: – knitting together “distributed efforts [to] increase the benefit and success of projects

and organizations that carry risk as they are only partial solutions to the long-term preservation challenge.”

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DPN Vision• The future is uncertain. Academic institutions require that key aspects of their

scholarly histories, heritage and research remain part of the record of human endeavor in spite of, or perhaps because of, whatever will happen next. As an emblematic part of institutional identity, the potential loss of core online academic collections that are part of what an institution means could be catastrophic. Oral history collections, born digital artworks, historic journals, theses, dissertations, media and fragile digitizations of ancient documents and antiquities are examples of irreplaceable resources. What happens if a strategic institutional collection is lost? Will a critical building block of knowledge be lost forever? It is essential for scholars of the future that action is taken now to protect digital assets that are at risk of loss.

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DPN diagram

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DPN Costs• As a part of DPN membership members may deposit 5TB of digital

content for no extra cost. Additional TB may be purchased if desired. This content will be replicated so that there are three copies of the content in the system in various locations around the country. The DPN nodes utilize community approved best practices and the system is designed so that the content is checked for fixity (and repaired should problems be detected) at least once every two years. DPN members can be confident that content in the system is well protected for the long term.

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Unizin

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Conclusion• US infrastructure for research and collaboration is primarily at

the local or institutional level• Most “shared” efforts add to rather than substitute function

and cost• “Efficiency” and “cost savings” are insufficient as incentives• Affordability is a key factor

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Efficient Information Infrastructure for UK ResearchProfessor David Maguire, Vice-chancellor, University of Greenwich, and Chair of Jisc

06/07/2016

Agenda»Introduction›UK research› Jisc and research data›Current infrastructure

»REF»NRII›Architecture options› International examples

»Conclusions01/05/2023

Reuse existing information

Easy access

Key once

A record to be analysed

interoperable

Shared

UK Research Base: Strong and Efficient

01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 46

UK Research

3.2% Global R&D expenditure 9.5% Downloads11.6% Citations15.9% Highly cited articles

Jisc and Research Management

01/05/2023

Research Data Shared Service

48

Recent Research Policy Developments

»Open Access (Finch, Tickell)»Metrics (Wilsd0n)»Research Councils (Nurse)»REF Review (Stern)»Higher Education and Research Bill


Research Excellence Framework


»RAE/REF from 1986»Goal

› Assess quality› Distribute funding

»Assessment areas› Outputs› Environment› Impact

»REF2014 cost £246m»REF2020 planning (Stern Review)

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjEsIzNrdLNAhVBIsAKHbfZC-sQjRwIBw&url=http://www.ref.ac.uk/&bvm=bv.126130881,d.ZGg&psig=AFQjCNGznTnVomMK2ppV_fQNxc-QZQ8lCQ&ust=1467465621743828

The REF Information Challenge

»Expensive to collect, manage and analyse the massive amounts of information in each assessment

»Limited re-use of the information that already exists»Duplication of effort collecting and formatting the

same information multiple times»Difficult to analyse information and compare results

because of lack of standards and access to tools»Challenge to build clear picture of the state of

national research strengths and define priorities


Patchwork of Provision


University Current

Research Information

Systems

Output Repositorie

s(HEIs, Jisc

Core)

Research Council

Information Systems

(GtR, ResearchFish

)Specific-purpose Systems:

Equipment, People,

Expertise

REF Results ??

How Efficient is the UK's Research Infrastructure?

» Network of 140 digital repositories» Disciplinary data centres and

repositories eg Nerc DC, Euro PubMed

» Research data infrastructure eg Jisc research data shared service (RDSS)

» OA infrastructure eg CORE, Jisc Monitor

» RCUK Gateway to Research» Janet network» High-performance computing eg

Archer, JASMIN» Alan Turing Institute » Research equipment eg

equipment.data

01/05/2023 54

Image courtesy of RCUK

University of Greenwich


GALA Repositor

y(ePrints)

Biblio(Scopus, SciVal)

Other(Research Professio

nal, pFact)

Research Data

Analysis(ePrints, Inteum)

External(JeS, eGAP,

EUROPA, MoD)

CRIS(Bespoke

)

Vision for a NRII


Information Model

Open Protocols

National Warehouse

BI Analysis and Reporting

Expert Team

NRII Architecture Options

distributed federated hybrid centralised




Centralised

Uni Use

r

Non-Uni

User

RIS

Federated

Uni CRIS



Hybrid

Uni CRIS

RIS

Possible NRII Approach


The AdvantagesGovernment-related Bodies / Research funders

HEIs Researchers

• Scalable, flexible research reporting/ management

• Richer and more reliable source of information

• Record and analyse research across the research base

• Improved data quality and reliability

• Better benchmarking and business intelligence

• Simpler submission of REF return

• CRIS for small HEIs

• Comply with new policies

• Reduced administration

• Improved business intelligence to inform career development


The Challenges


Government-related Bodies / Research Funders

HEIs Researchers

Effort to secure mandate for early delivery of light touch central UK RIS

Investment to build the infrastructure

Interface local systems and central warehouse

Procedures for data exchange and governance

Potential greater scrutiny from University

What would this mean for REF 20/21?

»Avoid slump-spike cycle»Reduced costs of

submission»Improve openness,

transparency and accountability

»Permanent research record»Greater access to REF data»Facilitate development of

national priorities01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 63

NRII: the business case

£4m a year


Next steps

»Phase 1› Agree design and

standards»Phase 2 › Initial Central RIS and

Data Warehouse»Phase 2:› Enrich NRII

functionality


Australian National Data Service partnership with Research Data Alliance


Research Graph and Data Switchboard

ResearchGraph: Creating a distributed graph using Research Data Switchboard


Conclusion: The Right Time

»Research Economic, Technology and Policy stars are aligning

»The current UK research information landscape is chaotic

»We need a National Research Information Infrastructure› Reduce burden on researchers› Lower research costs› Enable better analysis and reporting› Support development of national priorities01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 68

Acknowledgements

A vision for a National Research Information Infrastructure in the UK: options and recommendation

Rachel Bruce, Tamsin Burland, Catherine Grout, Max Hammond, Neil Jacobs, David Maguire, Victoria Moody, Joel Mullan, Linda Naughton, Phil Richards

Jisc May 201601/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 69

jisc.ac.uk

Contact Me

Thank You for Listening

David MaguireChair of [email protected]


http://www.jisc.ac.uk/

Closing plenary - John Wilkin and David Maguire

Education

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