CLOSING CEREMONY - Springer978-1-4684-1318-2/1.pdf · CLOSING CEREMONY The closing ceremony took...
Transcript of CLOSING CEREMONY - Springer978-1-4684-1318-2/1.pdf · CLOSING CEREMONY The closing ceremony took...
CLOSING CEREMONY
The closing ceremony took place on Thursday, 14th August 1986. The Direc
tor of the School presented the Prizes and Scholarships as specified below.
PRIZES AND SCHOLARSHIPS
Prize for Best Student
awarded to Steve GIDDINGS, Princeton University, USA.
The Scholarships open for competition among the participants were awarded
as follows:
Patrick M.S. Blackett Scholarship
Andrea PASQUINUCCI, University of Milano, Italy
James Chadwick Scholarship
Mark R. CARTER, Stanford University, USA.
Paul A.M. Dirac Scholarship
Giancarlo D'AMBROSIO, Harvard University, USA.
Amos De-Shalit Scholarship
Yigal SHAMIR, Tel Aviv University, Israel
Gunnar Kiillen Scholarship
Steven CARLIP, University of Texas, Austin, USA.
Andre Lagarrigue Scholarship
Paolo GIUBELLINO, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
Giulio Racah Scholarship
Michael McGUIGAN, Rockefeller University, USA.
J. John Sakurai Scholarship
John QUACKENBUSCH, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
Giorgio Ghigo Scholarship
Alfred SHAPERE, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA.
255
Enrico Persico Scholarship
Peter FISHER, SIN, Villingen, Switzerland.
Peter Preiswerk Scholarship
Hillel LIVNE, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
Gianni Quareni Scholarship
Fernando QUEVEDO, University of Texas, USA.
Piersanti M atterella Scholarship
Gennaro MIELE, Istituto di Fisica Teorica, Napoli, Italy.
Olo! Palme Scholarship
Zvi BERN, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, USA.
The following students received Honorary Mentions for their contributions
to the activity of the School:
256
Krzysztof MEISSNER
Peter VECSERNYES
Institute of Theoretical Physics,
Warsaw, Poland
Research Institute for Physics
Budapest, Hungary
The following students received the EPS Scholarships:
Jan FTACNIK
Roberto IASEVOLI
Ivan KOSTOV
Krzysztof MEISSNER
Peter NEUMAN
Peter VECSERNYES
Max-Planck-Institut,
Munich, FRG
Dipartimento di Fisica,
Napoli, Italy
Institute for Nuclear Research,
Sofia, Bulgaria
Institute for Theoretical Physics,
Warsaw, Poland
Institute for Theoretical Physics,
Budapest, Hungary
Central Research Institute,
Budapest, Hungary
The following participants gave their collaboration in the scientific secretarial
work:
Zvi BERN Ulriche KRAEMER Fernando QUEVEDO
Fabrizio BIAN CHI Juergen KRUEGER Thomas REDELBERG
Jon BJORKMAN Hillel LIVNE Daniel ROHRLICH
Mark CARTER Michael McGUIGAN Christopher SCOTT
Decio COCOLICCHIO Krzysztof MEISSNER Yigal SHAMIR
Giancarlo D'AMBROSIO Gennaro MIELE Alfred SHAPERE
Peter FISHER Hans-Gunter MOSER Paul SHOTTON
Steve GIDDINGS Peter NEUMAN Peter VECSERNYES
Paolo GIUBELLINO Andrea PASQUINUCCI Stephen WEBB
Stephen HAYWOOD John QUACKENBUSH
257
PARTICIPANTS
Ahmed ALI
Luis ALVAREZ-GAUME
Carlos AYALA
Luis BENTO
Zvi BERN
Stefano BERTOLINI
Fabrizio BrAN CHI
Jon E. BJORKMAN
Helmut BURKHARDT
DESY N otkestrasse 85 2000 HAMBURG, FRG
Physics Department Harvard University CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138, USA
Department of Theoretical Physics Univ. Autonoma de Bellaterra BELLATERRA, BARCELONA, Spain
Centro de Fisica Nuclear Universidade de Lisboa Av. prof. Gama Pinto, 2 1699 LISBOA CEDEX, Portugal
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Theoretical Physics Group BERKELEY, CA 94720, USA
Department of Physics New York University NEvV YORK, NY 10003, USA
Ist.ituto di Fisica dell'Universita Via Massimo D' Azeglio, 46 10125 TORINO, Italy
University of Colorado, Boulder Department of Physics High Energy Physics Group Campus Box 390 BOULDER, CO 80309, USA
CERN EP Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
259
Tiziano CAMPORESI
Sergio CARACCIOLO
Steven CARLIP
Mark R. CARTER
Decio COCOLICCHIO
Joanne COHN
FrancQis CORRIVEAU
Guy COUGHLAN
Giancarlo D'AMBROSIO
David. J. DANIEL
Alessandro DE ANGELIS
Lucia DI CIACCIO
260
CERN EP Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
Scuola Normale Superiore Piazza dei Cavalieri, 7 56100 PISA, Italy
Department of Physics The University of Texas at Austin AUSTIN, TX 78712, USA
SLAC P.O. Box 4349 STANFORD, CA 94305, USA
Istituto di Fisica dell'Universita Via Amendola, 173 70126 BARI, Italy
The University of Chicago The Enrico Fermi Institute 5640 S. Ellis Ave. CHICAGO, IL 60637, USA
CERN EP Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
Department of Theoretical Physics University of Oxford 1 Keble Road OXFORD, OXl 3NP, UK
Department of Physics Harvard University CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138, USA
Department of Physics University of Edinburgh King's Buildings EDINBURGH EH9 EJZ, UK
Dip. di Fisica dell'Universita Via Marzolo, 8 35100 PADOVA, Italy
Dipartimento di Fisica Universita Tor Vergata Via Orazio Raimondo 00100 ROMA, Italy
Michael DINE
Cesareo A. DOMINGUEZ
Marcos DRACOS
Gosta EKSPONG
Jonathan EVANS
Pierre FAYET
Sergio FERRARA
Ferruccio FERUGLIO
Peter FISHER
Jan FTACNIK
Reiner GARRElS
Physics Department City College of New York Convent Ave. at 138th St. NEW YORK, NY 10031, USA
ICTP P.O. Box 586 34100 MIRAMARE - TRIESTE, Italy
Centre de Recherches N ucleaires LEP-DELPHI B.P.20 67037 STRASBOURG CEDEX, France
University of Stockholm Institute of Physics Vanadisvagen 9 11346 STOCKHOLM, Sweden
Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge Silver Street CAMBRIDGE CB3 9EW, UK
Laboratoire de Physique Theorique Ecole Nonnale Superieure 24 Rue Lhomond 75231 PARIS, France
Physics Department University of California LOS ANGELES, CA 90024, USA
Dip. di Fisica dell'Universita Via Marzolo, 8 35100 PADOVA, Italy
SIN 5234 VILLIGEN, Switzerland
Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik und Astrophysik P.O. Box 40 12 12 MUNICH, FRG
Institut fur Theoretische Physik Universitiit Karlsrhue P.O. Box 63 80 KARLSRHUE, FRG
261
Steve GIDDINGS
George GINTHER
Paolo GIUBELLINO
Karl-Martin GLAS
Sheldon L. GLASHOW
David GROSS
Simon HANDS
Stephen HAYWOOD
Timothy J. HOLLOWOOD
Roberto IASEVOLI
Eric KAJFASZ
Astri KLEGGE
262
Physics Department Princeton University P.O. Box 708 PRINCETON, NJ 08540, USA
FERMILAB P.O. Box 500 BATAVIA, IL 60510, USA
CERN EP Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
Max-Planck-Institut fiir Physik und Astrophysik P.P. Box 40 12 12 MUNICH, FRG
Physics Department Harvard University CAtvlBRIDGE, l'v1A 02138, USA
Physics Department Princeton University P.O. Box 708 PRINCETON, NY 08540, USA
Department of Physics University of Edinburgh EDINBURGH EH9 3JZ, UK
CERN EP Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
Department of l\'Iathematical Sciences University of Durham South Road DURHAM DH1 3LE, UK
Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Universita Mostra d'Oltremare - Pad. 20 80125 NAPOLI, Italy
Centre de Physique des Particules 70, Route Leon Lachamp 13288 MARSEILLE CEDEX, France
University of Stockholm Department of Physics Vanadisvagen 9 11346 STOCKHOLM, Sweden
Ivan KOSTOV
Ulriche KRAEMMER
J uergen KRUEG ER
Francesco LACAVA
Hillel LIVNE
Fedele LIZZI
Ute LOEW
Dieter LUKE
J nanadeva MAHARAN A
Daniel MARLOW
Michael McGUIGAN
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Boulevard Lenin 72 1784 SOFIA, Bulgaria
Institut fUr Hochenergiephysik Akademie del' Wissenschaften Nikolsdorfergasse 18 1050 WIEN, Austria
II Institut fur Experimentalphysik Notkestrasse 85 2000 HAMBURG 52, FRG
Istituto di Fisica Ulliversita la Sapienza Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5 00185 ROMA, Italy
School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University RAMAT-AVIV, TEL AVIV, Israel
HEP Division Rutherford Appleton Laboratory CHILTON, OXON OX11 OQX, UK
Institut of Theoretical Physik University of Heidelberg Philosophenweg 16 6900 HEIDELBERG, FRG
DESY Notkestrasse 85 2000 HAMBURG, FRG
CERN TH Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
Princeton University Physics Department P.O. Box 708 PRINCETON, NJ 08544, USA
Physics Department Rockefeller University 1230 York Avenue NEW YORK, NY 10021, USA
263
Krzysztof MEISSNER
Robin MIDDLETON
Gennaro MIELE
Hans-Gunter MOSER
Madhusree MUKERJEE
Peter NEUMAN
Keisuke OKANO
Rene A. ONG
Ahmimed OURAOU
Giampiero P AFFUTI
Michele PAOLUZZI
Andrea PASQUINUCCI
264
Institute of Theoretical Physics Warsaw University ul. Hoza 69 00-689 WARSAW, Poland
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory CHILTON, OXON OX11 OQX, UK
Istituto di Fisica Teorica dell'Universita Mostra d'Oltremare 80125 NAPOLI, Italy
CERN EP Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
The University of Chicago The Enrico Fermi Institute 5640 Ellis A venue CHICAGO, IL 60637, USA
Institute of Theoretical Physics Eotvos University Puskin Utca 5-7 10088 BUDAPEST VIII, Hungary
Universitiit Gesamthochschule Siegen Fachbereich 7 - Physik SIEGEN, FRG
SLAC P.O. Box 4349 STANFORD, CA 94305, USA
Departement de Physique des Particules Elementaires Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay 91191 GIF-SUR-YVETTE CEDEX, France
CERN TH Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
Dip. di Fisica dell'Universita Via Elce di Sotto 06100 PERUGIA, Italy
Dip. di Fisica dell'Universita Via Celoria, 16 20133 MILANO, Italy
John QUACKENBUSH
Fernando QUEVEDO
Mariano QUIROS
Stuart RABY
Lars RASMUSSEN
Thomas REDELBERGER
Giovanni RIDOLFI
Daniel ROHRLICH
Carlo RUBBIA
Philippe RUELLE
Arthur SCHAFFER
Julien SCHWINGER
Christopher SCOTT
Department of Physics University of California LOS ANGELES, CA 90024, USA
Physics Department University of Texas AUSTIN, TX 78712, USA
CERN TH Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O. Box 1663 LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545, USA
CERN EP Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
CERN EP Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Via Dodecaneso, 33 16146 GENOVA, Italy
Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory UPTON, NY 11973, USA
CERN EP Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
Institute de Physique Theorique Chemin du Cyclotron, 2 1348 LOUVAIN-LA-NUEVE, Belgium
CERN EP Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
Physics Department University of California LOS ANGELES, CA 90024, USA
Physics Department The University SOUTHAMPTON SOl 2PW, UK
265
Yigal SHAMIR
Alfred SHAPERE
Paul N. SHOTTON
George SNOW
Luca STANCO
Urban STUDER
BoSUNDBORG
Joseph TARON
Peter VAN NIEUWENHUIZEN
Peter VECSERNYES
Raul VIOLLIER
Stephen WEBB
266
School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University RAMAT -AVIV, TEL AVIV, Israel
Institute of Theoretical Physics University of California SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106, USA
CERN EP Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
Dip. di Fisica dell'Universita Via Irnerio, 46 40126, BOLOGNA, Italy
Dip. di Fisica dell'Universita Via Marzolo, 8 35100 PADOVA, Italy
Institut fiir Hochenergiephysik ETH Honggerberg 9093 ZURICH, Switzerland
Institute of Theoretical Physics Chalmers Tekniska Hogskola 412 96 GOTEBORG, Sweden
Departament de Fisica Teorica Universidad de Barcelona BARCELONA 08028, Spain
Department of Physics State University of New York
. Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
Central Research Institute for Physics P.O. Box 49 1525 BUDAPEST, Hungary
Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics University of Cape Town RONDEBOSCH 7700, South Africa
The University Depru-tment of Theoretical Physics The Schuster Laboratory MANCHESTER M13 9PL, UK
Guy WORMSER
Shew-Ching YEH
Ming YU
Peter ZIMAK
Universite Paris Sud Laboratoire de l' Accelerateur Lineaire Centre d'Orsay 91405 ORSAY CEDEX, France
CERN EP Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
Niels Bohr Institute Blegdamsvej 17 2100 COPENHAGEN, Denmark
Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics University of Cape Town RONDEBOSCH 7700, South Africa
267
INDEX
Abelian differentials. 109 Anholonomy coefficients'
superconformal gauge. 21 Anti-de Sitter algebra. 6 Anti-de Sitter vacua. 75 Anti-Majorana spinor. 48 Anticommutator. superconformal
gauge. 17 Antisymmetric tensor. B~v. 207 Arakelov metric. 109. 110. 112 Atiyah-Singer index theorem
interpretation. 118-119 invariant. 104. 105 local anomalies. 101
Axion-like fields. 229
Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula. 7 Baryon number. violating processes.
177-180 Baryons. Geller bubbles. 254 Bianchi identities
Chern-Simons supermultiplet. 59 constraints. 13 solution. 18-19 spinor-spinor sector. 18 supercurvatures and supertorsions.
9 vector-vector sector. 18-19
Black holes classical string theory. 89 and photons. 254
B~v potential. Calibi-Yau compactifications. 228
Bose symmetry. symmetrized trace Str. 99-100
Bosonic coordinates. 2 Bosonic string
action. 80 G~v. 208-209 tachyonic ground state. 92-93
Bosonization. partition function. 108-113
Bosons gauge.
heterotic superstrings. 82 zero momentum. 90
Goldstone bosons. R-invariance. 172-173
Higgs bosons. 85. 135. 247 masses. Englert-Kibble mechanism.
133
Bosons (continued) unification in supersymmetric
theories. 133-138 BRS symmetry. 48 BRST operator Q. 87
Cabibbo suppression. 201 Calibi-Yau compactifications
B~v potential. 228 on orbifolds. 215 SU(3) gauge group. 57. 62
Calibi-Yau manifolds 10-D compactification. 84-85 10-D supergravity. 95 two-dimensional supergravity. 95
Calibi-Yau theorem. Kahler metric. ·210
Cauchy-Riemann operator. 108. 124 CERN Collider. 249 Charge conjugation matrices. 4 Cherenkov radiation. monopole
catalyzed proton decay. 200-201
Chern-Simons 5-form. 118 Chern-Simons form Q. 103. 104 Chern-Simons supermultiplet. Bianchi
identities. 59 Chern-Simons terms
11 dimensions. 43 compactification. 74 weak coupling. 207
Chiral two-dimensional superspaces. 21-23
Classical solutions. string theory. 208-217
Clifford algebra. 4 Collapsing mass. dilaton mode of the
string. 97 Commutator/anticommutator. 3 Conformal supergravity. string
theory. 39-40 Constraints
conventional two-dimensional. 21-23
nonconformal. 21 as relations. covariant
derivatives. 2-D superspace. 13-14
representation preserving. 21 Coset manifolds
covariant derivatives. defined. 8 curved and flat indices. 7
269
Coset manifolds (continued) G/H. 9
and relativity. 43 H-connection. defined. 6-7 Lorentz algebra. 6-8 rigid. geometry. 16 rigid vielbein. Weyl rescaling.
16. 34 super Poincar~ algebra. 3-6
Cosmological constant and dilaton effective potential.
220-221 zero in 11 dimensions. 42-43
Coupling constant. Lagrangian. 207 Covariant derivatives. constraints
as relations. 2-D superspace. 13-14
CP violation. grand unified theory models. 199
Dehn twists. Riemann surface. 125 Dilaton
defined. 79 effective potential. and
cosmological constant. 220-221
equation of motion. 75. 91 Lagrangian mode. 207 vacuum expectation value. 207
Dilaton field. 79. 88 Dilaton mode of the string.
collapsing mass. 97 Dilaton potential. gluino
condensatation. 221 Dilaton superpartner. 228 Dilaton tadpole. 126 Dirac bar. defined. 36 Dirac fermions. 3 Of SU(3). 120 Dirac genus of the manifold. 102 Dirac masses. obtaining neutrino
masses. 219 Dirac matrices. 4 Dirac operator
function of gauge field A. 117. 118
index. 102 massless chiral fermions. 84-85 positive and negative eigenvalues.
121 Dirac winos. 140
Ee. unbroken. heterotic string. 226 Einstein theory of gravitation. 53 Einstein-Hilbert action. 26
two-dimensional spacetime. 3 Einsteinian relativity.
singularities. 89. 96-97 Electroweak theory. 247
see also Weak coupling Eleven-dimensional supergravity.
compactification. 75 Eloisatron. 249-250 Eotvos experiment. 253 Euler number. 213 Experiment. and theory. 232. 235-238
Fadeev-Popov determinant. 49
270
Fermi-Bose symmetry commutator. translation. 47 superstring theory. 49
Fermi-fermi anticommutators. 5 Fermionic coordinates. Grassmann
variables. 2 Fermionic Fock vacuum. Gauss Law.
104 Fermions
4-D representation of SU(4). 64 fermion triangle diagram. axial
current. 100 Green-Schwarz fermions. 217 Higgs fermions. 194-195 massless chiral fermions. 84-85 minimal standard theory. 248
Fifth force. 253 Flavor-changing neutral currents.
232 Flux breaking loops. degenerate
vacua. 228 Fock space states. 119 Four-dimensional representation
preserving constraints. 21 Four-dimensional supergravities from
superstrings introduction. 53-54 dimensional reduction. 54-58 discussion. 72-75 effective Lagrangians. 62-68 string symmetries and higher order
corrections. 58-61 Four-dimensional supersymmetric
Yang-Mills theory. 11 Fredholm operator. determinant. 124
G/H manifolds. 43 Gauge boson / Higgs boson
unification. 133-138 Gauge completion program. 24-26 Gauge group. minimal standard
theory. 248 Gauge particle. proton decay. 240 Gauginos. 131 Gauginos-Higgsinos. 186 Gauss' Law
fermionic Fock vacuum. 104 Hamiltonian statement. 119
Gauss-Bonnet theorem. 75 Geller bubbles. universe. 253-254 Georgi. Quinn and Weinberg
calculation. unification scale. 217-219
Gibbons-Friedman-West theorem. 74 Glueballs
decay. 225 heavy. 85
Gluino condensate dilaton potential. 221. 228 supersymmetry breaking. 85. 95 vacuum energy. 228
Gluinos masses. bounds. 171 spin-O. 148-149
Gluons photons and partners. N=2
supersymmetry. 159
Gluons (continued) spin 1/2 partners. 132
Goldstino multiplet. 72 spinl/2. 141
Goldstone bosons. R-invariance. 172-173
Grand unified theory models. CP violation. 199 predictions. 234 SU(5). number of fermions. 100
Grassmann variables. fermionic coordinates. 2
Graviphoton. representation of SO(6). 64
Gravitino arbitrary non-zero mass. 72 decay from glueballs. 225 gauge fixing term. 49 mass. 171-172 N=l supersymmetry. 211 very light. 154-156
Graviton closed string. 78 gjJv' 207
Green-Schwarz fermions. 217 Green-Schwarz mechanism. 59 Green's functions. 110 Grothandieck-Riemann-Roch theorem.
124 Group manifolds
and relativity. 43 two geometrical fields. 43
H-connection defined. 6-7 local. 9
Hamiltonian coefficients. lepton number violating processes. 201
Hamiltonian interpretation of anomalies. 104
Heterotic strings compactifications. 210 Ee X Ee. 206 extra Ee. 225 unbroken Ee. 226 see also Heterotic superstrings
Heterotic superstrings introductiion. 77-78 consistent string theories.
closed. 79-80 open. 80
correct vacuum problem. 88 discussions. 90-93. 94-97 energy above the Planck mass
scale. 89 the heterotic string. 80-83 number of theories. 87 prediction. 89 string phenomenology. 83-85 string technology. 87 string theories. 78-79. 85-87 recent progress. 85-89
Higgs bosons detection. 247 massive gauge superfields. 135
Higgs bosons (continued) Wilson loops. 85
Higgs doublets. 213-214 Higgs exchange. 184 Higgs fermions. heavy color triplet.
194-195 Higgs fields
N=l supersymmetry. 175 superfields. 138-139
Higgs mechanism. supersymmetric theories. 134-135
Higgs multiplet. compactification on Calibi- Yau manifolds. 199
Higgsinos. 131 High energy physics. above Planck
mass scale. 89 Hilbert space. 119 't Hooft anomaly. 104. 126 Hubble-bubble. 253-254
Inos and sparticles abstract. 129-130 discussion. 170-175 experimental searches. 145-156 N=l supersymmetric theories of
particles. 130-145 N=2 supersymmetric grand-unified
theories and extra space dimensions. 156-167
Instantons nonperturbative physics. 88 partition function. 111 section. 111 and superpotential. 215
Integration-by-parts theorem. 27-28
Kahler and hyperKahler models. 41 Kahler manifold
equations. 65. 66-67 Kahler potential. 56 Ricci flat metric. 84
Kahler metric. Calibi-Yau theorem. 210
Kahler potential equation. 66 Kahler metric. 210 standard supergravity. 61
Kahler symmetry. 60. 74 Kaluza-Klein compactification
consistent string theories. 80. 82 extra time dimension. 92 radius. pOint-field limit. 62
Kaluza-Klein manifold theory. 96 Kendrew committee. 249
Lagrangian 4-D supergravities from
superstrings. 62-68 general structure. 54-58
coupling constant. 207 cutoff order M3 • 207-208 effective. Type II superstring. 88 Einsteinian. 83. 88 no-scale structure. 55 scalar analytic function. 73 string symmetries. 58-61
Lattice vectors. torus. 216
271
Leptons chiral superfields. 144 number.
Hamiltonian coefficients. 201 violating processes. 180
spin-1. 131 spin-O. pair production in e+e
annihilations. 146-148 superpartners. 132
Light cone gauge Minkowski space-time. 90 string field theory. 86. 90
Light-cone coordinates for vectors. 5
Liouville mode. 46 Lorentz algebra. 6-8 Lorentz anomalies. quantum field
theory. 104 Lorentz generator J. 3. 7 Lorentz generators. 43 Lorentz properties. tensors. 6 Lorentz scalars. dimension 1. 27. 29 Low energy phenomenology
Georgi. Quinn and Weinberg calculation. 217-220
proton decay. 218
Magnetic monopole catalyzed proton decay. 200-201
Majorana conjugate. 4 Majorana spin 1/2 operator Q. 130 Majorana spinors. 4 Majorana zinos. 140 Majorana-Weyl fermionic coordinates.
81 Massive gauge superfields. Higgs
bosons. 135 Milky Way. 252 Minkowski index ~. 211 Minkowski metric. 80 Minkowski space-time
10-D. 50. 83. 96 light cone formulation. 90
Monopole catalyzed proton decay. 200-201
N=l supergravity 4-D. Lagrangian. 214 eleven plus dimensions. 51 Lagrangian.
higher derivatives. 73 superconformal formulation. 58
obtained by Z2 truncation. 63 superconformal tensor calculus
formulation. 59 N=l supersymmetry
breaking. Es gauge group. 85 gauge boson 1 Higgs boson
unification. 133-138 gravitino. 211 Higgs fields. 175 low energies. 94 minimal particle content (table).
142 phenomenology. 170 R-symmetry and the interactions of
the new particles. 143-145
272
N=1 supersymmetry (continued) superpartners. 131-132 supersymmetric standard model.
138-143 vacua. 217-220 Yukawa coupling constants. 173
N=2 supergravity. intermediate. 56 N=2 supersymmetry. 156-159
arbitrary parameters. 175 GUT minimal particle content. 162 GUTs 6-D space-time. 163-167 GUTs. forbidden couplings. 164 proton stability. 163 realism. 173 sequential breaking. 172 standard model. 160-162 theories. similarity to N=l
theories. 170 N=4. 4-D supergravity theory. 55 N=4
4-D superstrings. construction of N=2 models. 63 low-energy limit. 62
N=4 supergravity Lagrangian. Yang-Mills matter
multiplets. 62 -minimal model'. 63-64
N=8 supergravity. 4-D model. 46 Nambu action. space-time. 92 Narain compactifications. 62. 63 Negative dimensions. 47 Neutralino exchange. suppression.
192 Neutrino
flavors in e+e-. 174 and Geller bubbles. 254 masses. obtaining Dirac masses.
219 minimal standard theory. 248 solar neutrino spectrum. 252-253
Neveu-Schwarz-Ramond (NSR) formulation. superstring. 106
New particles spin-O leptons and photinos.
146-148 spin-O quarks and gluinos. 148-149 a very light gravitino. 154-156 winos and zinos. 149-154
Nucleon decay branching ratios. 191 catastrophic rates. 180 dimension 5 operators. 184-185 dimension 6 operators. 183 dominant modes. 192 family reflection symmetry. 180-
181 four fermi operators. 187-190 gauge exchange. 184 Higgs exchange. 184 see also Proton decay
Operators. defining determinants. 123
Orbifold-type twists. 126 Orbifolds
compactifications. 215
Orbifolds (continued) defined. 94 string solutions. 88 vertex operators. 226 Yukawa coupling as an integral of
a fermion. 226
P-gauge transformation. Yang-Mills transformation. 43
Palatini formalism general relativity. 8 torsion constraints. 41
Pauli matrices. 4 Peccei-Quinn symmetry. 219 Photinic neutrino see Photinos Photinos
missing momentum. 149 pair production in e+e
annihilations. 147 reinteraction cross-section. 148 spin-O. 146-148
Photons gluons and partners. N=2
supersymmetry. 159 mass. 254 spin-I. superpartners. 131
Poincar~ supergravity. 39 Point-field limit. Kaluza-Klein
compactification radius. 62 Point-field supergravity theory.
trivial compactification. 62 Polyakov measure. 108 Polyakov program. 209 Pomeron see Graviton pp colliders. 149 Proton
lifetime. 225. 239-240 prediction. 200
Proton decay introduction. 177 dimension 5 operators. 184-185.
201 dimension 6 operators. 201-202 discussion. 199-203 gauge exchange. 184 gauge particle. 240 general analysis. 177-182 Higgs exchange. 184 low energy phenomenology. 218 low energy theory. 186 magnetic monopole catalyzed.
200-201 minimal SUs supersymmetry GUT. 182 nucleon decay. 183. 187-195 SUs breaking. 182-183 see also Nucleon decay
Quantum chromodynamics (QeD) anomalies. 126 theory. 243-245. 247
Quantum field theory discussions. 117-122. 123-127 global anomalies. 105-107 local anomalies. 99-105 Lorentz anomalies. 104 topological methods in string
perturbation theory. 108-113
Quantum gravity. non-supersymmetry. 47
Quantum number. multiplicatively conserved. 144
Quarks spin-I. 131 spin-O. 148-149 superpartners. 132
R-parity breaking. problems. 174 multiplicatively conserved quantum
number. 144-145 R-symmetry. interactions of the new
particles. 143-145 Rarita-Schwinger equation. 212 Relativity
Palatini formalism. 8 and supergravity. 43
Ricci flat metric. Kahler manifolds. 84
Ricci tensor. vanishing. 210-211 Riemann surface
Dehn twists. 125 diffeomorphisms. 106-109 superconformal theories. 39 9-function. 112
Riemann tensor. 88. 89 Riemann-Roch theorem. 109
Scherk-Schwarz mechanism. 68 Schwinger term. infinitesimal gauge
transformations. 104 Selburg trace formula. 109 Singularities. Einsteinian
relativity. 96-97 Sleptons
defined. 132 mass limits. 173 mass matrix. 187 mass terms. 227
Solar neutrino spectrum. 252-253 Space-time
Nambu action. 92 time dimensions. 92
Sparticles see Inos and sparticles Spin connection. field equation. 11 Squarks
defined. 132 mass matrix. 187 mass terms. 227
Strangeness-changing neutral currents. 219-220
String perturbation theory discussions. 117-122. 123-127 higher genus surfaces. 215 topological methods. 108-113
String theory 10-D. 45 2-D theory. 216-217 alternatives. 239 classical solutions. 208-217 conformal supergravity. 40 low energy. 232 multiloop amplitudes. 45-46 non-covariant actions. 40 renormalization theorems. 215
273
String theory (continued) spins greater than two. 44 superViraso constraints. 31 unstable. 47 vacua with supersymmetry breaking
at tree level. 220 see also Heterotic superstrings
SUs supersymmetry. SUs breaking. 182-183
Sun. solar neutrino spectrum. 252-253
Super anti-de Sitter algebra. 6 Super Poincar~ algebra. 3-6 Superconformal gauge
'anholonomy coefficients'. 21 anticommutator. 17 appendix. 37-38 defined. 15-16 gauge completion program. 24-26 two-dimensional superspace. 16-17
Superconnection. local tangent transformations. 2
Supercurvatures dimensions. 26 local. covariant derivatives. 9
Superfields constraints. 11. 16 coset manifolds. 6
Supergravity II-dimensional. 42-43 conformal. 39-40 energy and charge. first-class
constraints. 45 finiteness. 42 one-loop and two-loop finiteness.
75 perturbatively non-renormalizable.
74-75 spins greater than two. 44 ten-dimensional. 45 two loop. three loop. 42 x-space formulation. 11 zero vacuum energy. 71 see also Two-dimensional> Four
dimensional and Tendimensional supergravities
Superindices. contraction. 3 SuperJacobi identities. 6 Superpartners. 131-132
see also Inos and spartic1es Superspace
first-order formalism. 13 second-order formalism. 12
Superstring. NSR formulation. 106 Superstring phenomenology
abstract. 205 introduction and outline. 205-206 classical solutions of string
theory. 208-217 cosmological constant. 220-221 couplings and scales. 207-208 discussion. 225-229 low energy phenomenology. 217-220 supersymm~try breaking. 220-221
Superstring theory hierarchy problem. 94 low energy. 232
274
Superstring theory (continued) point-field limit. Einstein theory
of gravitation. 53 weak coupling. 206 Yang-Mills fields. 45 Yang-Mills groups. possible
models. 53 see also Heterotic superstrings
Super symmetries dimension 4 operators. 178 extended. two-dimensional models.
40-41 heterotic models which treat left
and right movers separately. 41
hierarchy problem. 49 low energy. 240 N=l coupled to supergravity.
in superspace. 40 in x-space. 40
N=2 coupled to supergravity. 41 N=4 coupled to supergravity. 41 N=4 with Wess-Zumino term coupled
to supergravity. 41 nucleon decay. 183. 187-195 rigid N=l with Wess-Zumino term.
coupled to supergravity. 40 parallelizing torsion. 40
rigid N=2 and N=4 with Wess-Zumino term. 41
standard model. 138-143 theories. properties. 132 vacuum degeneracy. 203 see also R-symmetry
Supersymmetry breaking gluino condensate. 95. 225 gravity-induced. 143 nonperturbative. 245 superstring phenomenology. 220-221 unbroken to broken theory. 226-227
Supertorsions dimensions. 26 local. covariant derivatives. 9
Supervielbein choice of constraints. 8 curved and flat indices. 7 defined. 2 evaluation. covariant derivatives.
16 general. 15 inverse. defined. 6 superconformal gauge. 15-16 transformation. 2-3 unconstrained. 22 Weyl rescaling. 34 see also Vielbein
SuperViraso constraints string theory. 31 a-expansion. 36
Superworld discussion. 231-246 the end of the Superworld. 247-254
SUSY see Supersymmetry Symmetrized trace Str. Bose
symmetry. 99-100
a-expansion. superViraso constraints. 36
Tachyonic ground state. bosonic string. 92-93
Tadpoles defined. 209 light field. 214
Ten-dimensional string theory. 207 Ten-dimensional super gravity
Calibau-Yau manifolds. 95 compactification. 75 Lagrangian. 72 Minkowski space. 50 and Yang-Mills matter. 62
Tensors antisymmetric. B~v. 207 dimension. 0 12 dimension 1/2. 12 Lorentz properties. 6 Lorentz-invariant dimensionless.
12 Tevatron collider. 249-250 Theory. and experiment. 232. 235-238 Torsion constraints
twistors. 41 two-dimensional supergravity. 39
Torus compactification. 55 lattice vectors. 216 Z orbifold. 216
Twistors. torsion constraints. 41 Two-dimensional supergravity.
torsion constraints. 39 Two-dimensional superspace
constraints. 21-23 2-D (conventional). 21-23 general solution. 19-21 local. 10-13 relations between covariant
derivatives. 14-15 Weyl invariant. 22
coset manifolds. 3 discussion. 39-44. 45-51 dynamics. 26-32 field equations and Virasoro
constraints in x-space. 34-36
gauge completion. 24-26 introduction. 2-3 local.
constraints. 10-13 geometry. 8-10 Weyl invariance. 32-34
rigid. geometry. 6-8 solution of the Bianchi
identities. 18-19 super Poincar~ algebra. 3-6 superconformal gauge. 16-17
Unification scale. Georgi. Quinn and Weinberg calculation. 217-219
Universe. Geller bubbles. 253-254
Vacuum degeneracy. supersymmetry theories. 203
Van der Waerden formalism. two-dimensional. 5
Veneziano model. 80 Vertex operators. 209 Vielbein
fermionic. 20 x-space. conformal gauge. 16 see also Supervielbein
Virasoro constraints in x-space. 34-36
Weak coupling. string theory. 206 Wess-Zumino multiplets
scalar fields sand r. 71 two classes. 73
Wess-Zumino term coupled to supergravity. models.
40-41 effective Lagrangian. 126 scalar fields. 120-121
Weyl fermions Euclidean space. 101-102 Hamiltonian interpretation of
anomalies. 104 Weyl field strength multiplets. 59 Weyl invariance. local. 32-34 Weyl spinor. 6-D. 163 Weyl weights. 59 Wilson line U. 213. 216 Wilson loops. Higgs bosons. 85 Winos
possible decay modes. 153 and zinos. 131. 149-154
X-space. auxiliary fields. 50 X-space theory
gauge completion program. 25 geometric dimension. 12 supergravity. vielbein. 11
Xinos. Dirac. 162
Yang-Mills field strength 6-D space. 210 multiplets. 59. 61 superstring theory. 45
Yang-Mills gauge bosons. 78 Yang-Mills matter multiplets. N=4
super gravity Lagrangian. 62 Yang-Mills theory. 4-D
supersymmetric. 11 Yang-Mills transformation. P-gauge
transformation. 43 Yinos. Dirac. 162 Yukawa couplings. E6 non-singlet
fields. 213-215
Z multiplets. 138 Z orbifolds. 215-216 Zinos. and winos. 149-154
275