Closed Captioning Legal Requirements, Best Practices, and Workflows for Media and Entertainment
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Transcript of Closed Captioning Legal Requirements, Best Practices, and Workflows for Media and Entertainment
Closed Captioning
Legal Requirements, Best Practices
and Workflows for Media &
Entertainment
November 19, 2014
Tim Sale
Dir Tech Sales
thePlatform
1
Lily Bond
Content Mgr
3Play Media
Mo Zhu
Software Engr
3Play Media
Josh Miller
VP Bus Dev
3Play Media
Agenda
‣ Intro (Lily Bond)
‣ Legal Requirements (Josh Miller)
‣ Best practices (Josh Miller)
‣ Closed captioning with thePlatform (Tim Sale)
‣ Demo of thePlatform captioning workflow (Mo Zhu)
‣ Q&A
2
Presentation by
Josh Miller (3Play Media)
3
About 3Play Media
4
‣ Closed captioning + subtitling + transcription
‣ MIT spinout in 2007
‣ 1,000+ customers in media & entertainment
enterprise, education, and government
What Are Closed Captions?
‣ Text that has been time-synchronized
with the media
‣ Closed captions convey all spoken
content as well as relevant sound
effects
‣ Originated in the early 1980s from an
FCC mandate for broadcast TV
5
Caption Formats
6
Format Type Use Cases
SCC Broadcast, iOS, web media
SMPTE-TT Web media
CAP Broadcast
EBU.STL PAL Broadcast
DFXP Flash players
SRT YouTube and web media
WebVTT Emerging HTML5
SAMI Windows Media
QT QuickTime
STL DVD encoding
CPT.XML Captionate
RT Real Media
SRT Example
01:02:53:14 94ae 94ae 9420 9420
01:02:55:14 942c 942c
01:03:27:29 94ae 94ae 9420 9420 94f2
SCC Example
Legal Requirements
7
CVAA
‣ Closed captions required for all Internet content
that aired on TV with captions
‣ Applies to video clips
‣ Applies to English and Spanish
‣ 13 Exemptions
‣ Content owner bears responsibility of providing
captions
‣ Content distributor must pass captions through
ADA
‣ Title III: commercial entities “places of public
accommodation”
‣ Recent case law:
– Netflix, Time Warner, FedEx
CVAA Timeline
‣ Phased In: All prerecorded programming that is
not edited for Internet distribution
‣ Phased In: Live & near-live programming
originally broadcast on television.
‣ Phased In: Prerecorded programming that is
edited for Internet distribution.
‣ Phased In : Archival programming (45 days)
‣ Mar 30, 2015: Archival programming (30 days)
‣ Mar 30, 2016: Archival programming (15 days)
8
New FCC Regulations
9
‣ Video clips
– January 1, 2016: Single excerpt clips from
captioned television programs
– January 1, 2017: Montages from captioned
television programs
– July 1, 2017: Time sensitive video clips,
live, and near-live programming
‣ Spanish and bilingual programming
– January 1, 2010: All new Spanish-language programming
– January 1, 2012: 75% of pre-existing Spanish-language content
– Bilingual English/Spanish programming treated the same as Spanish
– Other languages don’t require captions
New FCC Standards for Caption Quality
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‣ Caption accuracy
– Must match spoken words to fullest extent
– Allows some leniency for live captioning
‣ Caption synchronization
– Must coincide with their spoken words and sounds
to the greatest extent possible
‣ Program completeness
– Captions must run from the beginning to the end of the program
‣ Onscreen caption placement
– Captions should not block other important visual content
FCC Exemptions for Closed Captioning
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‣ Economically burdensome exemption– Requires petition
‣ Self-implementing exemption – Programming is in a language other than English or Spanish
– Programming is primarily textual
– Programming is distributed between 2 a.m. and 6 a.m.
– Interstitials, promotional and public service announcements (up to 10 mins)
– EBS (Educational Broadband Service) programming
– Locally produced and distributed non-news programming with no repeat value
– Programming on new networks for the first four years
– Primarily non-vocal musical programming
– Captioning expense in excess of 2% of gross revenues
– Revenues under $3,000,000
– Locally produced educational programming
– Programming is subject to contractual captioning restrictions
Transcription Best Practices
‣ Spelling should be at least 99% accurate.
‣ When multiple speakers are present, sometimes it is helpful to identify
who is speaking, especially when the video does not make this clear.
‣ Both upper and lowercase letters should be used.
‣ Non-speech sounds like [MUSIC PLAYING] or [LAUGHTER] should be
added in square brackets.
‣ Sound effects that are pertinent to the plot should be included.
‣ Punctuation should be used for maximum clarity.
‣ Captions can be used to preserve and identify slang or accents
(preferential)
12
Captioning Best Practices
‣ Font style should be non-serif, such as Helvetica medium.
‣ Each caption frame should hold 1 to 3 lines of text onscreen at a time
‣ Each line should not exceed 32 characters.
‣ Minimum viewable duration of 1 second.
‣ Extended sound effects (like [MUSIC]) should drop off the screen after
4 to 5 seconds
‣ Each caption frame should be replaced by another caption (unless
there’s a long period of silence).
‣ All caption frames should be precisely time-synched to the audio.
‣ A caption frame should be repositioned if it obscures onscreen text or
other essential visual elements.
13
Presentation by
Tim Sale (thePlatform)
14
© 2014 thePlatform for Media, Inc
thePlatform
Hundreds of media companies use thePlatform’s mpx
system as their open, central hub for managing,
monetizing, and syndicating billions of video views every
year.
Founded: 2000
Ownership: Subsidiary of Comcast, acquired in 2006
Employees: 206
Headquarters: Seattle, WA
Offices: New York, Washington DC, Toronto, London, New York, Sydney & Hanover
Clients include…
Pay TV OperatorsContent Providers
Video Management Evolved
Automated asset creation
Easy video management
Multiple monetization models
Fast, beautiful players
Enterprise class performance
Expedite Your Linear Channel Workflow
mpx Replay expedites the creation of Catch-up and C3 assets
including instant asset creation, content discovery through rich
metadata, and pre-set availability windows.
Integrating Live and VOD Viewing
Power dynamic content guides for multiple screens
Premium Content
Create custom monetization
models for each window
with dynamic pricing
templates
Ad supported video
Current in-market
content
TV Everywhere
Authentication against
subscription
Transactional VOD
Purchase the right to
view one previous
season or all back
catalog seasons
Employ multiple monetization methods across windows
current season episodes 6-10
free with ads
current season episodes 1-5
TV-E
Previous seasons
TVOD
Provide a Great Viewing Experience
‣ Create custom players for PCs, Macs, Mobile Phones, tablets and OTT devices
‣ Universal runtime is built entirely on HTML –making mpx Players lighter and faster
‣ Share videos and clips with social media integrations
‣ Integrated closed-captioning with support for multiple caption formats
‣ Easy embed codes, links, and HTML to enable single video playback
mpx
Information
Visit our website at thePlatform.com for more
information on our services.
p. +1 206.436.7900f. +1 206.213.0606
[email protected] Second Avenue, Suite 1000Seattle, WA 98104
Presentation by
Mo Zhu (3Play Media)
25
QUESTIONS?
26
Resources
White Papers: http://www.3playmedia.com/how-it-works/white-papers/
3Play Media + thePlatform captioning integration:
http://www.3playmedia.com/services-features/tools/integrations/theplatform/
thePlatform captioning resources: http://theplatform.com/about/partners/type/subtitles-closed-captioning/