Clip Art - International Labour Organization · Clip Art Diagrams and illustrations compiled by...
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ASIST Training and Information Services International Course on Training of Trainers in Labour-Based Road Construction and Maintenance Clip Art Diagrams and illustrations compiled by David J Mason and Ørnulf Strøm International Labour Organisation Advisory Support, Information Services, and Training (ASIST) Nairobi, Kenya
Transcript of Clip Art - International Labour Organization · Clip Art Diagrams and illustrations compiled by...
ASIST Training and Information Services
International Course on Training of Trainers in Labour-Based Road Construction and Maintenance
Clip Art Diagrams and illustrations
compiled by
David J Mason and Ørnulf Strøm
International Labour Organisation Advisory Support, Information Services, and Training (ASIST) Nairobi, Kenya
First published March 1995
Produced by
Training and Information Services ASIST Project PO Box 60598 Nairobi Kenya Tel +254-2-560902 Fax +254-2-566234 Tlx 22486 ASIST KE
with funding from
The Swiss Development Cooperation Eigerstrasse 73 Berne Switzerland Tel +41-31-613195 Fax +41-31-459605
Set in Arial and Century Schoolbook typefaces on an Hewlett-Packard LaserJet IIID printer using Microsoft Word for Windows 6.0
This is not an official ILO document
Page 2 Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art
Preface
This is collection of diagrams and illustrations taken from textbooks and manuals on labour-based road construction. It has been produced as resource material for the second International Training of Trainers course. This course was conducted in Kisii from 13 February to 11 March 1995 by a joint ILO/KTS team.
David J Mason & Ørnulf Strøm Nairobi
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 3
Contents
BUILDING ROADS by HAND...........................................................................7
2 BASIC SKILLS: Length Measurement ..................................................8 3 BASIC SKILLS: Area and Volume ......................................................10 4 BASIC SKILLS: Plan and Cross Section .............................................12 5 SETTING OUT: Methods.....................................................................14 6 SETTING OUT: Horizontal Alignment................................................16 7 SETTING OUT: Vertical Alignment ....................................................18 8 SETTING OUT: Cross Section.............................................................20 9 CLEARING: Bush Clearing .................................................................22 10 CLEARING: Tree Removal..................................................................24 11 CLEARING: Boulder Removal ............................................................26 12 CLEARING: Topsoil Removal.............................................................28 13 EARTHWORKS: Formation ................................................................30 14 EARTHWORKS: Slotting ....................................................................31 15 EARTHWORKS: Rock ........................................................................32 16 EARTHWORKS: Earth Moving I ........................................................33 17 EARTHWORKS: Earth Moving II .......................................................34 18 EARTHWORKS: Compaction .............................................................35 19 DRAINAGE: General ...........................................................................36 20 DRAINAGE: Road Surface Drainage...................................................38 21 DRAINAGE: Side Drainage .................................................................40 22 DRAINAGE: Erosion Control ..............................................................42 23 DRAINAGE: Turnouts .........................................................................43 24 DRAINAGE: Cross Drainage ...............................................................44 25 DRAINAGE: Fords (Drifts)..................................................................46 26 DRAINAGE: Culverts ..........................................................................48 27 DRAINAGE: Vented Fords ..................................................................49 28 DRAINAGE: Bridges ...........................................................................50 29 GRAVELLING: General ......................................................................51 30 GRAVELLING: Work in Quarries .......................................................52 31 GRAVELLING: Haul, Unload, Spread, Compact ................................54
The District Road Improvement and Maintenance Programme ...................57
Road Cross Sections ....................................................................................59 Embankment Setting Out Details ................................................................61 Multiple Culvert Line ..................................................................................62
Labour-based Contract Maintenance Programme .........................................63
The Need for Maintenance ..........................................................................64
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LABOUR-BASED TECHNOLOGY ................................................................65
Road Cross-fall ............................................................................................66
Manual for the Construction of Earth Roads Using Labour-Intensive Methods ...............................................................................................................67
The Role of the Site Supervisor...................................................................69 Setting Out of Centre Line...........................................................................70 Setting Out a Straight Line ..........................................................................71 Laying of Culverts .......................................................................................73 Concrete Technology...................................................................................74
Manual on the Planning of Labour-Intensive Road Construction ................75
Labour-intensive Techniques ......................................................................76
Roads – Labour-based Methods .......................................................................81
Soil Mechanics ............................................................................................82 Labour-based Construction Methods...........................................................83 Bush Clearing ..............................................................................................85 Digging Side Drains ....................................................................................86 Scour Checks ...............................................................................................87 Concrete Technology...................................................................................88
RURAL TRANSPORT SERVICES .................................................................89
Load Dispersing Granular Surface ..............................................................90 Drainage ......................................................................................................91 Camber Board..............................................................................................95 Typical Sunken Road ..................................................................................96 Side Ditch Configurations ...........................................................................97 Road Failure ................................................................................................98 Relocation of Sunken Road Section ............................................................99 Straight Line Plan ......................................................................................100 Loading Trailers in a Gravel Pit ................................................................101 How Roads Become Non-maintainable.....................................................102 Filling Potholes..........................................................................................103
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 5
BUILDING ROADS by
HAND An introduction to labour-based road construction
Prepared for the International Labour Office
by
J ANTINIOU • P GUTHRIE • J DE VEEN
Published by Longman First published 1990 ISBN 0-582-06060-5
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 7
2 BASIC SKILLS: Length Measurement
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2 BASIC SKILLS: Length Measurement
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 9
3 BASIC SKILLS: Area and Volume
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3 BASIC SKILLS: Area and Volume
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 11
4 BASIC SKILLS: Plan and Cross Section
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4 BASIC SKILLS: Plan and Cross Section
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 13
5 SETTING OUT: Methods
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5 SETTING OUT: Methods
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 15
6 SETTING OUT: Horizontal Alignment
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6 SETTING OUT: Horizontal Alignment
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 17
7 SETTING OUT: Vertical Alignment
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7 SETTING OUT: Vertical Alignment
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 19
8 SETTING OUT: Cross Section
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8 SETTING OUT: Cross Section
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 21
9 CLEARING: Bush Clearing
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9 CLEARING: Bush Clearing
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10 CLEARING: Tree Removal
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10 CLEARING: Tree Removal
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 25
11 CLEARING: Boulder Removal
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11 CLEARING: Boulder Removal
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 27
12 CLEARING: Topsoil Removal
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12 CLEARING: Topsoil Removal
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 29
13 EARTHWORKS: Formation
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14 EARTHWORKS: Slotting
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 31
15 EARTHWORKS: Rock
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16 EARTHWORKS: Earth Moving I
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 33
17 EARTHWORKS: Earth Moving II
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18 EARTHWORKS: Compaction
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 35
19 DRAINAGE: General
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19 DRAINAGE: General
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 37
20 DRAINAGE: Road Surface Drainage
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20 DRAINAGE: Road Surface Drainage
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 39
21 DRAINAGE: Side Drainage
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21 DRAINAGE: Side Drainage
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 41
22 DRAINAGE: Erosion Control
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23 DRAINAGE: Turnouts
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 43
24 DRAINAGE: Cross Drainage
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24 DRAINAGE: Cross Drainage
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 45
25 DRAINAGE: Fords (Drifts)
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25 DRAINAGE: Fords (Drifts)
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 47
26 DRAINAGE: Culverts
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27 DRAINAGE: Vented Fords
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 49
28 DRAINAGE: Bridges
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29 GRAVELLING: General
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 51
30 GRAVELLING: Work in Quarries
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30 GRAVELLING: Work in Quarries
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 53
31 GRAVELLING: Haul, Unload, Spread, Compact
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31 GRAVELLING: Haul, Unload, Spread, Compact
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 55
The District Road Improvement and
Maintenance Programme Better Roads And Job Creation Malawi
by
S HAGEN • COLIN RELF
International Labour Office 1988
ISBN 92-9-106393-3
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 57
Road Cross Sections
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Road Cross Sections
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 59
Embankment Setting Out Details
Page 60 Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art
Multiple Culvert Line
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 61
Labour-based Contract Maintenance Programme
Orientation Course for District Engineers: Course Notes
compiled by
ANDREAS BEUSCH
ILO First published 1993
CTP 130
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 63
The Need for Maintenance
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LABOUR-BASED TECHNOLOGY
A Review of Current Practice
Report of Proceedings 2-6 March 1992, Mohales Hoek, Lesotho
by
G BOSMA • B JOHANNESSEN
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE (ILO) 1992
CTP 129
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 65
Road Cross-fall
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Manual for the Construction of Earth Roads Using
Labour-Intensive Methods
Volume 1: Technical Part
compiled by
WALTER ILLI
Ministry of Transport & Communications Department of Staff Training
Kisii Training School Kenya
January 1988
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 67
The Role of the Site Supervisor
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Setting Out of Centre Line
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 69
Setting Out a Straight Line
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Setting Out a Straight Line
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 71
Laying of Culverts
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Concrete Technology
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 73
Manual on the Planning of Labour-Intensive Road
Construction by
M ALLAL • G A EDMONDS • A S BHALLA
International Labour Organisation 1977
ISBN 92-2-101543-2
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 75
Labour-intensive Techniques
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Labour-intensive Techniques
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 77
Labour-intensive Techniques
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Labour-intensive Techniques
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 79
Roads – Labour-based Methods
Course Notes: Senior Road Foreman Course Draft Version
compiled by
ØRNULF STRØM Norwegian Public Roads Administration
Roads Department
Roads Training Centre Field Training Unit
Botswana June 1994
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 81
Soil Mechanics
Page 82 Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art
Labour-based Construction Methods
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 83
Labour-based Construction Methods
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Bush Clearing
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 85
Digging Side Drains
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Scour Checks
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 87
Concrete Technology
Page 88 Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art
RURAL TRANSPORT SERVICES
A Guide to their Planning and Implementation
by
H L BEENHAKKER • L CARAPETIS • L CROWTHER • S HERTEL
Intermediate Technology Publications 1987
ISBN 0-946688-58-3
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 89
Load Dispersing Granular Surface
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Drainage
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 91
Drainage
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Drainage
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 93
Drainage
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Camber Board
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 95
Typical Sunken Road
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Side Ditch Configurations
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 97
Road Failure
Page 98 Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art
Relocation of Sunken Road Section
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 99
Straight Line Plan
Page 100 Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art
Loading Trailers in a Gravel Pit
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 101
How Roads Become Non-maintainable
Page 102 Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art
Filling Potholes
Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art Page 103
Page 104 Training of Trainers Course — Clip Art
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