Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians7th Edition

By: Dennis M. Mccurnin Joanna M. Bassert

Learning Objectives Discuss indications for restraint of animals and behaviors

exhibited by aggressive animals Explain the physiological principles that affect animal

perceptions and methods of restraint in small and large animals

Describe the proper procedures for carrying and lifting large dogs, small dogs, and cats

List and describe types of muzzles and mouth gags that are used on dogs and cats, and explain proper procedures for their use

Discuss indications for use of chemical restraint in animal patients

Restraint

….an important element to performing many veterinary procedures

What is restraint?

Restraint is restricting a patient’s activity by verbal, physical or pharmacological means so that the patient is prevented from hurting itself or others.

Safety– Staff

– Client

– Animal

Legalities– Liability for injury

Factors For Developing a plan of restraint?

Environmental?

Other animals

Equipment

Behavior?

smell, hearing, vision, touch

You?

Staff?

What is the procedure being performed?

Behavior/Perception

Olfaction– Well developed– Rabbits and cats 14 x greater

• Feliway -http://www.feliway.com/us• DAP- http://www.petcomfortzone.com/comfortzone_dap.php

Hearing– Movable pinnae to focus on source– Low, smooth, confident tones promotes comfort– Excellent clue to attitude of the animal

Behavior/ Perception

Vision– Tapetum (layer behind lens that allows better

vision at night) • Pigs do not have

– Herbivorous• What is their field of vision?

– Carnivorous• What is their field of vision?

Behavior/ Perception

Touch– Way of communication– Learned skill– Read you animal– Repeated pats vs. steady firm strokes– Watch behavior in natural setting

Behavior

Fight or flight Pain induced Aggression Maternal Aggression Predatory Aggression Territorial Aggression Fear- Induced Aggression Intermale Aggression Dominance Aggression http://www.vin.com/MEMBERS/CMS/Misc/VSPN/

Default.aspx?id=11421&pid=49&catid=&said=1

What is this behavior?

Categories of Restraint

http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/resources/restraint/index.aspx

Verbal Physical/Manual Chemical/Pharmacological

Categories of Restraint

Verbal– Least severe form of restraint– Use when approaching patient– Especially good for blind or those patients not

looking at you, prevents startling.– What are some examples?

Categories of Restraint

Physical/Manual– Standing, sitting, sternal, dorsal, or lateral

recumbency– Tools/Techniques:

• Muzzle, e-collar, towel, gloves, scruffing, squeeze cage, snare (rabies pole), cat bag

• Chute, hobble, chain shank, skin twitch, rope/chain twitch, halter

Lateral Recumbency

Sternal Recumbency

Sitting Recumbency

Standing Recumbency

Categories of Restraint

Chemical/Pharmacological– Anesthetic agents– Examples include

• Ketamine and/or Valium

• Acepromazine

• Domitor and Antisedan

• Butorphanol

Purposes of Restraint

Protect patient from injuring itself or others Facilitate exams or procedures

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Complications/Challenges of Restraining Patients

Size of patient Behavior issues Dyspnea Hyperthermia Tissue trauma

Restraint Remember- use the least amount of restraint

necessary to keep everyone safe, and still accomplish the medical goals.

Be ready to increase the amount of restraint being used to whatever level is needed, if the animal becomes more reactive.

www.vspn.org/VSPNSearch/VSPNLibrary/4HospitalTips.pdf

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