Climate Change: what’s it got to do with us?

VAGA at the Edinburgh Festival 2009

Alison TickellDirector, Julie’s Bicycle

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• We need a deep cut in emissions to avoid dangerous climate change

– If no action taken temperatures could rise 7ºC by 2100

– We are approaching tipping points that could dry out the Amazon and melt polar icecaps

• Scientists are clear that we need to reduce emissions by at least 50% worldwide by 2050, 80 - 90% in industrialised countries

• International goals for Copenhagen Dec 2009

Reductions?

• Global: trajectory for quadrupling CO2 concentrations above industrial levels (1990)

• 1990 - 1995 up 3%• 1995 - 2000 up 6%• 2000 - 2005 up 15%

• 2000: Global carbon budget of 1000 gigatonnes of GHG emissions to keep within a 2oC global warning.

• 2009 we have used 300Gt.

John Schellenhuber

Legislation coming our way . . .

GLOBALKyoto Protocol• signed by more than 150 countries officially came into

force in 2005, sets statutory limits on emissions of 6 greenhouse gases from rich developed countries

• Emissons Trading• Emissions trading allows industrialised countries to buy

and sell emissions amongst themselves via cap and trade schemes. Each unit of carbon credit gives the owner the right to emit one metric tonne of carbon dioxide or other equivalent greenhouse gas.

• Joint Implementation• Allows developed countries to acquire ERC (Emissions

Reduction Credits) by funding emissions reductions projects in other developed countries,

• Clean Development Mechanism Allows developed countries to acquire CER (Certified Emissions Reductions) by funding emissions reductions projects in developing countries.

• EU Emissions Trading Scheme• EU Directive re Building Insulation

EU Renewables Directive 15% of UK energy should come from renewable sources by 2020.

• Waste Electronic and Electrical Equipment (WEEE)

• COP 15, Copenhagen 2009

UK• Climate Change Act puts into statute the

UK’s targets to reduce carbon dioxide emissions• by at least 80 per cent by 2050 and at least 34%

per cent by 2020, against a 1990 baseline.• UK Emissions Trading Scheme• Climate Change Levy• Climate Change Agreements• Renewables Obligation• Energy Performance Certificates• A-G rating of the energy efficiency and carbon

emissions on bildings. public buildings : Display Energy Certificate (DEC).

• Carbon Reduction Commitment (large businesses whose annual half-hourly metered electricity use is above 6000MWh.)

• Current consultation in mandatory emissions reporting for smaller companies, Autumn 2009

So?

• Julie’s Bicycle formed in Spring 2007 to develop cross-industry partnership for action on climate change.

• Oxford University’s Environmental Change Institute was commissioned to do First Step : UK Music Industry Greenhouse Gas Emissions 2007– an estimation of the annual greenhouse gas emissions produced by the UK music market.

Emissions of the UK Music Market 2007Total = ~ 540,000 t CO2e

Live Performance Sector = ~ Two-Thirds of Emissions

Source: Bottrill et. al (2008). First Step: Greenhouse Gas Emissions for UK Music Industry 2007. Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University, Oxford.

Music Recording

Music Venues

Live Music Logistics

Audience Travel

80% challenge: from this…

Music Recording

Music Venues

Live Music Logistics

Audience Travel

. . . to this

And so. . .

2008

Buildings team: Paul Latham Ig tools and targets

CD packaging team : Tony Wadsworth

Impacts and Opportunities: 10% reductions

Audience travel team : Melvin Benn

Jam Packed: UKERC partnership

2009

• Digital research

• Touring Research

• igreenmyband

• Green Guide

• Circa 50 audits

Music Festivals

Large Festival: 1731 t

Medium Festival: 563 t

Small Festival: 86 t

Audience Travel

• Working group led by Festival Republic MD Melvin Benn, with support from wider constituency of promoters

• Research : Jam Packed– To describe patterns in audience travel– To understand festival audience attitudes – Data from 14 festivals

• Findings– Average car occupancy => 2.36 to 2.77 people & 60% of car travel

was with 2 or less people– Average distance => 70-140m one-way (greenfield/peri-urban)– 72% chose the coach b/c the only ticket type available

Audience Travel continued

Conclusions• Indirect control of industry => added complexity to influence• Need to incentivise increase car occupancy & mode switching • Need a joint approach with promoters, LA, transport operators &

audience.

Recommendations• Build partnerships• Develop Information Resources• Support Leisure Travel Innovations• Monitor Audience Travel Emissions• Travel Strategies and Communication• Bi-Annual High Level Roundtable for Leisure Travel• Bi-Annual Leisure Travel Summit

Download Festival

Energy:• Lighting: campsites and stage• Generators: reduce demand and improve efficiencyWaste:• Deposit scheme & recycling incentives cut waste to landfill by 30%• Biodegradable containers and cutlery• Programs delivered to mobile phonesTravel:• Shuttle buses from local train stations to cut down on car use• Promoting liiftshare schemes for fans to share rides to the festival • Promoting offsetting of audience and artist travel

Frieze Art Fair

• Emissions breakdown:• Art shipping 32%• Diesel 32%• Waste 11%• Production transport 9%• Food 7%• Business Travel 6%• Office 2%• Other 1%• Audience Travel

dwarves the event impact

Frieze Art Fair - Recommended Actions

• Biodiesel• All shipping by road and sea• Local, vegan, organic catering• Rationalise heating and cooling• Local procurement (materials and staff• Compost all food waste• Reuse/recycle all timber and MDF waste• Investigate on-site power generation

• Actions (ex biodiesel) could result in reductions of at least 45%

The Industry Green Framework and IG Mark

• creative community • mechanism to measure and

annually reduce GHGs• Compliant with Defra, GHG

Protocol and PAS 2050 • publicly demonstrate

environmentally responsible practice

• debuted on the BRIT Awards compilation album 2009

• Offices, Venues, Festivals, Touring, CD packaging,Theatres, Studios. . .

The Julie’s Bicycle IG tools

Green Guides and Green Artists

• Green Music Guide

• Green Theatre Guide

• Orchestras

• Touring

• Merch

• iGreenmyband

• An ARTIST led practical initiative using same approach as JB in the round but for creative community,

What next?

?

Thank you

alison@juliesbicycle.com

www.juliesbicycle.com