Climate Change and implications in the marine ecosystems [email protected] WEB, October 8th,...
Transcript of Climate Change and implications in the marine ecosystems [email protected] WEB, October 8th,...
Climate Change and implications in the marine ecosystems, with special attention to marine toxins as contaminants in seafood.
Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia AgroalimentàriesMarine and Continental WatersJorge DIOGÈNE [email protected]
WEB, October 8th, 2020
EFSA: “Climate change as a driver of emerging risks for food and feed safety, plant, animal health and nutritional quality”
Global change / Climate change
Global change / Climate change
Ocean Heat
Sea Level
Ocean Acidity
Harmful Algal BloomsHABs
Phytoplankton in the food webs
Harmful Algal Blooms
Samplings in the Mediterranean Sea
Filtering water from the scraping of rocks (200 µm)
Filtering water from the algal sample
Filtered water with particles (including microalgae) in suspension
Materials for sampling
Fixed sample with lugolsolution is collected
PLACE Macarella
DATE 03/09/2017HOUR 17:50
TEMPERATURE (Cº) 26,44
SALINITY 36,22DISSOLVED OXYGEN % 93,7DISSOLVED OXIGEN mg/L 6,18
PH 7,69
GPS Lat 39º 56' 25.20"
GPS Long 3º 56' 4.72"
DEPTH (m) 0,5
Harmful Algal Blooms, Ostreopsis cf ovata
Ministry of HealthCyprus
Presence of ciguatera: poisoning, CTXs in fish
Presence of Gambierdiscus spp.
Harmful Algal Blooms, Gambierdiscus spp.
HABs and Climate Change
- Uncertainty on the magnitude of the impact CC may present on HABs.
- Several communities / species of phytoplankton and benthic microalgae (HAB related and not HAB related) can be affected by factors affected by CC: Temperature, pH, sea rise, precipitation and freshwater runoff (including nutrient balance) for example.
- Additional influence of Global Change
RISK CHARACTERIZATION OF CIGUATERA FOOD POISONING IN
EUROPE (EUROCIGUA)
Neuro2a cells
No toxicity Toxicity
10-1 100 101 102
-100
102030405060708090
100110120
OV-
OV+
pg PCTX1B.mL-1
Via
bil
ity %
co
ntr
ol
MTT viability assay Quantification
Sampling for
Gambierdiscus spp. from the field and
fish from the field and the market
Environmental data:
Madeira
Canary Islands
Balearic Islands
Crete
Cyprus
Isolation of Gambierdiscus spp,
identification, establishment of cultures of
Gambierdiscus spp. in the laboratory (low-
scale and large-scale)
Toxicity evaluation with a cell-based assay
Extraction of Gambierdiscus spp., fish
samples and purification of extracts
Identification and quantification
of CTXs with LC-MS/MS (In
collaboration with GRANT 4)
Primary reference material Literature and data search
for future models and
prediction
Since 2005: Egypt, Israel, Turkey, Cyprus… Spain
Puffer fish and tetrodotoxins
0
50
1000
50
1000
50
1000
50
1000
50
1000
50
1006.27
6.096.73
6.27
6.09 6.485.89
5.685.90
5.78
5.76
NL: 1.22E6[320.110 - 302.100]
NL: 6.38E5[320.100 - 162.100]
NL: 9.18E5[290.110 - 272.000]
NL: 5.54E4[290.100 - 162.100]
NL: 2.67E3[302.110 - 256.000]
NL: 3.00E4]302.100 - 162.100]
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14Time (min)
0
50
1000
50
1000
50
1000
50
1000
50
1000
50
1005.66
5.65
5.25
5.25
4.60
4.60
NL: 1.00E5[304.110 - 286.000]
NL: 2.61E4[304.100 - 162.100]
NL: 1.34E4
[288.110 - 270.100]
NL: 5.01E3[288.100 - 224.100]
NL: 4.11E6[272.110 - 254.100]
NL: 5.37E5[272.100 - 162.100]
4-epiTTX / TTX (MRM1)
5-deoxyTTX / 11-deoxyTTX (MRM1)
5,6,11-trideoxyTTX (MRM1)
4,9-anhydroTTX (MRM1)
5,11-dideoxyTTX / 6,11-dideoxyTTX (MRM1)
11-norTTX-6(R/S)-ol (MRM1)
4-epiTTX / TTX (MRM2)
11-norTTX-6(R/S)-ol (MRM2)
4,9-anhydroTTX (MRM2)
5-deoxyTTX / 11-deoxyTTX (MRM2)
5,11-dideoxyTTX / 6,11-dideoxyTTX (MRM2)
5,6,11-trideoxyTTX (MRM2)
5.68
5.58
Figure 3. Selected reaction monitoring chromatogram of transition
monitored obtained following the analysis of TTX and its analogues in
the L. sceleratus gonads by LC-MS/MS on HILIC XBridge Amide and
TSQ Quantym system (Thermo).
ANALYSIS OF PUFFER FISH FROM CATALONIA AND VALENCIA
Lagocephalus sceleratus in Dènia!
2014 2015 2016
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Nº
SETM
AN
ES
Nº setmanes >28 C
ALFACS FANGAR Lineal (ALFACS) Lineal (FANGAR)
DELTA DE l’EBRE (NW Mediterranean): Number of weeks in which water temperature has exceeded 28oC
27 November 2017
CLimate change and Emerging risks for FoodSAfety: the CLEFSA project
• Kick-off teleconference with theCLEFSA discussion group
How useful is the CLEFSA initiative for our insitution and for ourfield of work?
It focuses on an issue of great concern, CC, which has demonstrated evidence of having an impact on toxin production organisms and their population dynamics
The CLEFSA initiative focuses on identification, characterization and prioritization of emerging issues according to expert advise, and this is a unique source of information that will contribute to better focus on the relevant issues
It proposes a new approach and methodology that may be re-considered in different fields of work in order to evaluate the importance of merging risks
The CLEFSA project, addressing human-plant-animal health is a clear initiative that focuses on the ONE HEALTH approach, responding therefore to the wholistic perspective required to address global issues on food safety
Which is the potential synergy of the CLEFSA initiative withother projects?
The CLEFSA initiative, taking into consideration the topics addressed, provides a definitecontribution to the following projects/activities:
- Monitoring program in shellfish harvesting areas
- Coastal processes, hazard characterization and risk assessment of diferent chemicalcontaminants involved in food safety
- Population dynamics of harmful phytoplankton and microorganisms responsable for contaminant and microbiological hazards
17 UN Sustainable Development Goals
Thank you!