Climate and Vegetation CHAPTER 3. THE SUN AND THE EARTH.
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Transcript of Climate and Vegetation CHAPTER 3. THE SUN AND THE EARTH.
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Climate and Vegetation
CHAPTER 3
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THE SUN AND THE EARTH
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ROTATION AND REVOLUTION
HOW OFTEN DOES THE EARTH ROTATE?
EVERY 24 HOURSHOW OFTEN DOES THE EARTH REVOLVE AROUND THE SUN?
EVERY 365 AND ¼ DAYS
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Because the earth is tilted on its axis, different parts of the globe receive different direct
rays of the sun during different times of the year.
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EARTH’S REVOLUTION AND EARTH’S REVOLUTION AND SEASONSSEASONS
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http://streaming.factsonfile.com/play/PYT7H5
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The Solstice and the Equinox
TURN TO PAGE 49 IN YOUR TEXTBOOKS.
When are the winter and summer solstices?
What happens on these days?
When are the spring and fall equinoxes?
What happens on these days?
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Solstice and Equinox Importance
Ancient calendars were
set by calculating the
solstice and equinox.
Planting, harvesting,
and storing for the
winter were planned
by using the calculations.
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What is the difference between climate and weather?
Weather is the temperature and precipitation of a
certain place at a certain time---a snapshot!
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Climate includes weather conditions (temperature and
precipitation over a long period of time)—like a movie!
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TYPES OF PRECIPITATION
CONVECTIONAL
OROGRAPHIC
FRONTAL
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CONVECTIONALPRECIPITATION
CONVECTIONAL HEATINGOCCURS IN THE TROPICSAND THE RAIN FOREST WHERE THE HUMIDITY IS HIGH
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OROGRAPHIC PRECIPITATION
OROGRAPHIC PRECIPITATIONOCCURS WHERE THEREARE MOUNTAINS THAT BLOCKTHE RAIN SHOWERS
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FRONTAL PRECIPITATION
FRONTAL PRECIPITATIONOCCURS WHEN
TWO LARGEAIR MASSES
(COLD AND WARM FRONTS) COLLIDE
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WEATHER EXTREMES
Define the following in your notes:
hurricanes
typhoons
tornados
blizzards
drought
Where is “Tornado Alley?”
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CLIMATE FACTORSTemperature and Precipitation depend upon the following
factors:
1. ELEVATION2. LATITUDE3. LOCATION TO LANDFORMS4. NEARNESS TO BODIES OF
WATER5. WINDS
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As the elevation increases,
TEMPERATURE DECREASES
ANDPRECIPITATION
DECREASES
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LATITUDE
THE FARTHER WE MOVE AWAY FROM THE EQUATOR,
THE MORE THE TEMPERATURE AND
PRECIPITATION DECREASE.
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CLIMATE ZONES
Polar zone
Temperate zone
Tropical zone
Temperate zone
Polar zone
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LATITUDESTROPICAL ZONES
LOW LATITUDES 0- 23 DEGREES
TEMPERATE ZONESMID LATITUDES
24-66 DEGREES
POLAR ZONES HIGH LATITUDES
67-90 DEGREES
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LOCATION TO LANDFORMSMOUNTAINS CAN AFFECT CLIMATE, BECAUSE
PRECIPITATION IS SCARCE AS ELEVATION INCREASES. AREAS ON THE DRY SIDE OF THE MOUNTAIN ARE IN THE RAIN SHADOW.
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DRAW A DIAGRAM OF A MOUNTAIN AND LABEL THE
FOLLOWING:
WINDWARD
LEEWARD
RAIN SHADOW
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WIND CURRENTS
The transfer of heat around the globe happens because of
CONVECTION.
Ocean currents and wind currents move the heat from place to place.
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NOTICEHOW WARM
WATER FLOWS
FROM THETROPICS TO THE
COLDEROCEAN AREAS
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Look on page 54. What is the CORIOLIS EFFECT?
IF YOU ARE BLINDFOLDED AND TRY TO WALK IN A STRAIGHT LINE….
IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE, YOURSTRAIGHT LINE WILL BEGIN TO CURVEIN A CLOCKWISE CIRCLE.
IN THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE, YOURSTRAIGHT LINE WILL BEGIN TO CURVE IN A COUNTER-CLOCKWISE CIRCLE.
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And now, a word from “El Nino::
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CHANGES IN CLIMATE
What is El Nino, really?
What is the Greenhouse Effect?
What is global Warming?
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THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT