Climate and Disaster Resilience Index of Asian Cities...–168 Sq km, 2.3 Ml •Dhaka: 10 zones...
Transcript of Climate and Disaster Resilience Index of Asian Cities...–168 Sq km, 2.3 Ml •Dhaka: 10 zones...
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
Climate and Disaster Resilience Index of Asian Cities
Rajib Shaw Professor, Kyoto University
http://www.iedm.ges.kyoto-u.ac.jp/
Coexistence of Contrast
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
Increasing Trend
Source: UNPD, 2010
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World: Climate-related Disasters
World: Geo-physical Disasters
Asia: Climate-related Disasters
Asia: Geo-physical Disasters
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
Vulnerability
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
Context
• Urban Context: Complexity
• Climate Context: Uncertainty in downscaling
• Governance Context: Regular city services
• Implementation Context:Community linkages
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
Climate Disaster Resilience Index: CDRI Methodology
Key Question: How to address climate disaster risk to understand the resilience of a city?
CDRI tool: 5x5 matrix, 25 parameters integrating 125 variables Analysis: Weighted Mean Index
5
5 Dimensions and 25 Parameters
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
5-5-5 Matrix Physical Social Economic Institutional Natural Electricity Population Income Mainstreaming Intensity
Water Health Employment Crisis
management
Frequency
Sanitation,
Solid waste
Education and
awareness
Household
assets
Institution Ecosystem
Infrastructure
and Roads
Social capital Finance and
savings
Collaboration Land-use
Housing and
land-use
Social
cohesion
Budget and
subsidy
Good
governance
Environment
al policies
Poor 1 Bad 2 Moderate
3 Good 4 Best 5
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
CDRI: City Cluster Level
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
CDRI: Ward/ district / zone level
• Chennai: 10 districts
– 180 sq km, 5.5 Ml
• Delhi: 9 districts
– 1500 sq km, 12 Ml
• Makati: 36 barangay
– 28 sq km, 0.5 Ml
• Bandung: 30 sub-dt
– 168 Sq km, 2.3 Ml
• Dhaka: 10 zones
– 360 sq km, 11 Ml
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies KyotoUniversity International Environment and Disaster Management
GraduateSchoolofGlobalEnvironmentalStudies
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3km
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2.5-3
3-3.5
3.5 - 4
Overall
3km
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<3
3 – 3.5
3.5- 4
4– 4.5
Physical1I
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3km
N
<3
3 – 3.5
3.5– 4
4– 4.5
Social2I
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3km
N
2 – 2.5
2.5- 3
3 – 3.5
3.5 - 4
4– 4.5
Economic3
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3km
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< 3
3– 3.5
3.5- 4
4 – 4.5
> 4.5
Ins tu onal4I
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3km
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2 - 2.5
2.5 - 3
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3.5 - 4
Natural5
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5Physical
Social
EconomicInstitutional
Natural
OverallResilience
• Health,ElectricityandSocialCapitalarethehighestparametervalues
• FinanceandSavings,FrequencyofHazards,andBudgetandSubsidyinDMarethelowestparametervalues
BandungClimateDisasterResilience
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
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5Physical
Social
EconomicInstitutional
Natural
Overall Resilience
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5Electricity
Water
Sanitation and Solid Waste
Disposal
Accessibility of Roads
Housing and Land-Use
Physical
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5Population
Health
Education and Awareness
Social Capital
Community Preparedness
Social
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5Income
Employment
Household AssetsFinance and Savings
Budget and Subsidy
Economic
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5Mainstreaming
Crisis Management
Knowledge Disssemination and
Management
Institutional Collaboration
Good Governance
Institutional
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Intensity / Severity of Hazards
Frequency of Hazards
Ecosystem ServicesLand-Use in Natural
Terms
Environmental Policies
Natural
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
Bandung CDRI Synopsis
Social, Physical, and Institutional Resilience
Economic and Natural Resilience
Confirming the need for actions
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
Time Series Analysis
2010
2013
Chennai, Colombo, Dhaka, Hue, Kuala Lumpur, Makati, Sukabumi, Suwon
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
Change in Trends: 2010-2013
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
Hue 2010-2013
2010 2013
Frequency Of hazards
Intensity of hazards
Land use in natural term
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
Flood in 11/2012 Source: http://nld.com.vn/thoi-su-trong-nuoc/mua-lon-duong-pho-o-hue-ngap-lut-20121117021850398.htm
Flood in 10/2011
Typhoon No 10 in 9/2013
Source:https://www.facebook.com/tpHue
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
Coastal areas in Hue Province
A school in Phu Vang District, Hue Province
A view of coastal area in Hue Province
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
Chennai Climate Action Plan [CAP] Physical resilience:
Social resilience:
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Short-term (< 2 yrs.) Medium-term (2-5 yrs.) Long-term (> 5 yrs.)
Action 1 Involvement of communities into waste segregation practices
Saving of energy and increasing the use of solar power
Amendment of building codes, aiming for higher energy standards
Action 2 Stricter enforcement of Development Control Rules
Identification of areas for development and open space
Enhanced use of rain-water harvesting technique to increase available water (tanks, individual houses)
Action 3 Provision of long-term strategy to reduce the solid waste introducing tax incentive system
Short-term (< 2 yrs.) Medium-term (2-5 yrs.) Long-term (> 5 yrs.)
Action 1 Education programmes for family planning, particularly for women
Improvement of basic amenities (sanitation facilities, safe drinking water, roads, community welfare centres, parks, etc.)
Development of action plan to eradicate diseases
Action 2 Community-level early warning systems; conduction of drills in school
Community-level disaster recovery plans
Waste Electricity
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
Summary
• Urban complexity, especially related to climate related hazards
• Need to desegregate risk / resilience to the city services [water, electricity, sewage, housing etc.]
• Need to find the appropriate entry point [solid waste, welfare, health etc…]
• Need to find the suitable change agents
Kyoto University International Environment and Disaster Management
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
Available from: www.iedm.ges.kyoto-u.ac.jp