Classroom management pioneers
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Transcript of Classroom management pioneers
Pioneers in Classroom Pioneers in Classroom ManagementManagement
Lindsay ElliottJuly 24, 2011EDU450
Classroom Discipline and Classroom Discipline and ManagementManagement
“Do not train children to learning by force and harshness, but direct them to it by
what amuses their mind, so that you may be better able to discover with accuracy the peculiar bent of the genius of each.”
-Plato
Contributors &TheoriesContributors &Theories
B.F. SkinnerBehavior Modification
William Glasser Choice Theory
Jacob KouninLesson Management
Rudolph Dreikurs Democratic Classroom
Lee & Marlene Canter Assertive Discipline
Alfie Kohn Learning Communities
B.F. SkinnerB.F. Skinner
Author of “The Science of Learning and the Art of Teaching”(1954).
Believed that behavior is shaped through systematic reinforcement.
Believed that punishment has limited effects.
Behavior Behavior ModificationModification
1904-1990
Behavior Modification: Behavior Modification: In the ClassroomIn the Classroom
RewardsRewards
PraisePraise
ApprovalApproval
William GlasserWilliam Glasser
Pioneer and contributor to modern discipline.
Author of Schools Without Failure (1969).
Human behavior is purposeful (Charles 2011).
Students are responsible for their own behavior.
The basic needs of students must be met.
Choice TheoryChoice Theory1925-present
Choice Theory: Choice Theory: In the ClassroomIn the Classroom
Create a positive, supportive classroom.
Work with students to create classroom expectations.
Meet the basic needs of all students.
Choice Theory:Choice Theory:In the ClassroomIn the Classroom
Hold classroom meetings. Be a leader, not a boss. Assign useful work. Expect 100% from every student. Encourage self-reflection.
Jacob KouninJacob Kounin
Author of Discipline and Group Management in Classrooms.
Teaching style affects student behavior.
Organization and planning are keys to engagement.
Focuses on preventative discipline.
Teachers must be constantly aware of all students in their classroom. Lesson Lesson
ManagemeManagementnt
Lesson Management:Lesson Management:In the ClassroomIn the Classroom
Prevent misbehavior– With-it-ness and overlapping
Manage the Lesson– Momentum and smoothness
Maintain Focus– Group alerting and student accountability
Rudolph DreikursRudolph Dreikurs
Professor of Psychiatry Believed that students
have a need for belonging.
Believed that misbehavior occurs when needs are not met.
Believed that democratic classrooms support effective learning. Human Needs Human Needs
& Democratic & Democratic ClassroomsClassrooms
The Need for BelongingThe Need for Belonging
When need is not met, students will default to:
– Attention seeking– Power seeking– Revenge seeking– Displaying inadequacy
When the need is met, misbehavior will be prevented.
Encourage belonging by:
– Involving all students in classroom activities.
– Giving all students adequate attention.
– Recognizing success.– Showing respect to all
students.
The Democratic ClassroomThe Democratic Classroom
Speak in positive terms. Encourage improvement, not perfection. Emphasize strengths while minimizing
weakness. Teach students to learn from their mistakes. Encourage students to help each other. Be optimistic, use encouraging words, and
show faith in students.
Lee & Marlene CanterLee & Marlene Canter
Published book Assertive Discipline: A Take Charge Approach for Today’s Educator (1976).
Students have the right to learn in a calm, organized classroom.
Teachers have the right to teach in a classroom free of interruption and misbehavior.
Assertive teachers model classroom expectations clearly, confidently and consistently.
Assertive Assertive DisciplineDiscipline
Assertive Discipline:Assertive Discipline:In the ClassroomIn the Classroom
Provide a clear set of rules. Explain why rules are needed. Make sure rules are understood by all. Explain rewards and consequences. Utilize positive consequences
consistently. Utilize negative consequences
consistently.
Alfie KohnAlfie Kohn
Former teacher and author of Punished by Rewards: The Trouble with Gold Stars, Incentive Plans, A’s, Praise, and Other Bribes.
Believes that traditional instruction is ineffective.
Believes meaningful learning takes place when students have choice, feel respected, feel like a part of something, and can construct their own learning.
Learning Learning CommunitiCommuniti
eses
The Classroom:The Classroom:As a Learning CommunityAs a Learning Community
Show respect for students. Help students connect. Utilize classroom meetings. Provide whole class and school wide
activities. Reflect on instruction and learning.
References
Charles, C.M.(2011). Building Classroom Discipline, 10th Ed. Boston: Pearson Publishing.