Classifying Animals Objective 4.1 Characteristics of Animals 1.Multi-cellular 2.Require oxygen 3.Consume other organisms for food 4.Able to move at some point 5.Reproduce 6.Divided into 2 categories Invertebrates vertebrates Invertebrates CharacteristicsTypes CharacteristicsTypes No backboneNo backbone Largest groupLargest group Very diverseVery diverse 1.Sponges 2.Cnidarians- jellyfish 3.Echinoderms- starfish 4.Mollusks- snails, squids 5.Worms 6.Arthropods- lobsters, spiders Lets watch Brainpop Sponges Invertebrates Porifera: Sponges No body symmetry No body tissues or organs They are filter feeders Able to reproduce sexually and asexually Adult sponges are not able to move Filter feeders are animals that feed by straining suspended matter and food particles from water, typically by passing the water over a specialized filtering structure. animals Filter feeders can play an important role in clarifying water. Cnidarians Invertebrates Cnidarians- Radial symmetry Have stinging cells used for capturing food and defending themselves Adults can move to escape danger and capture food Reproduce sexually and asexually Simple digestive systems Examples: jellyfish and coral Stinging cells When touched they can discharge a barbed thread that is connected to a venom sac. can even be used for defense. can be very venomous and deadly, most just causes discomfort Invertebrates Echinoderms- Spiny-skin Sucker like parts to catch prey Examples: starfish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers Invertebrates Mollusks- Soft, unsegmented bodies Most have hard outer shell Bilateral symmetry Three major groups: Gastropods, bivalves, and cephalopods Examples oysters, snails, squid, octopus Gastropods Have a single external shell or no shell at all. Gastropods move by the use of a muscular foot. Bivalves Two-shelled mollusks that utilize filter feeding. Adult bivalves stay in one place or move slowly through the water. Cephalopods Are ocean-dwelling mollusks whose foot is adapted to form tentacles around its mouth. Not all cephalopods have shells. Cephalopods capture prey by using its tentacles and swim by jet propulsion. Invertebrates Worms Simple organ systems Bilateral symmetry Have long, narrow bodies without legs. Many are parasitic Divided into three groups-flatworms (phylum Platyhelminthes), roundworms (phylum Nematoda) and segmented worms (phylum Annelida). Reproduce sexually and asexually Examples: flatworms, roundworms, earthworms Invertebrates Arthropods- Largest group of invertebrates Jointed body parts Exoskeletons Bilateral symmetry Examples: lobsters, spiders, insects Vertebrates Have a backbone Two types Cold blooded Warm blooded Vertebrates Fish Ectotherm-Cold blooded bilateral symmetry They have fins and scales, which cover and protect their body. They either backbones of cartilage or bone. They have tissues, organs, and organ systems. Use gills to obtain oxygen Classified into three groups. jawless fish the fish whose skeleton is made of cartilage, and the fish whose skeleton is composed mostly of bone adapted to live in salt or fresh water. Vertebrates Amphibians Cold blooded Begin life in water but do not live life there Need water to reproduce Ex: frog, salamander, newt Vertebrates Reptiles Can breathe air and are cold blooded (cannot regulate body temperature). Most lay eggs Eyes are located at the front of the head to facilitate binocular vision Keen sense organs, which help them to find food and escape from predators. No metamorphosis Offspring resemble the adults at the time of birth Internal fertilization-sperm gets deposited into the reproductive tract of the female directly. Their bodies are covered with scales or scutes Examples: lizards, snakes, turtles Vertebrates Birds Endothermic-warm blooded Lay eggs Internal fertilization Bilateral symmetry Ability to fly Will care for their young until they are able to fly. Bodies are covered with feathers and have a four- chambered heart. Examples: ostrich, penguin, robin Vertebrates Mammals Endothermic-warm blooded A four-chambered heart and skin covered with fur or hair. Complex body systems Large brain Bilateral symmetry Walk or run on four limbs Born alive and are fed with milk produced by the mother Classified into three groups based on how their young develop: monotremes, marsupials, and placental mammals. Mammals usually care for their young for an extended period of time. All mammals reproduce with internal fertilization. Vertebrates CharacteristicsTypes CharacteristicsTypes Has backboneHas backbone 2 types2 types Cold bloodedCold blooded Warm bloodedWarm blooded 1.Fish 2.Amphibians 3.Reptiles 4.Birds 5.Mammals Cold blooded Warm blooded THE END