Classification How Many Species Are There? Global estimates vary from 2 million to 100 million a...
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ClassificationHow Many Species Are There?
• Global estimates vary from 2 million to 100 million • a best estimate of somewhere near 10 million• only 1.4 million have actually been named
Problem: limits of current knowledge of species diversity are compounded by the lack of a central database or list of the world's species.
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In order to be able to study & understand various species they must be divided up into smaller groups.
Taxonomy = the science of naming organisms1 & assigning them to groups2.
Why do we need a classification system?
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Naming Organisms A globally accepted biological classification system is needed.
Carolus Linnaeus: devised a naming system called binomial nomenclature.
Binomial nomenclature: a naming system in which each organism assigned a 2-part scientific name.
Homo sapiens Genus species
Genus: Capitalized & italicized, a group of similar speciesspecies: A group of individuals with same genetic makeup and can
produce fertile offspring
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Grouping Organisms
Taxonomic Hierarchy: Group according to similar body structures
Kingdom AnimaliaPhylum Chordata Class Mammalia Order Primates Family HominidaeGenus Homo Species Sapiens
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The Five Kingdoms
Monera Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia
Bacteria Diatoms Mushrooms Flowers Raccoon
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The Monera Kingdom
Bacteria
Eubacteria
Bacilli
Cocci
Spirilla
Extreme conditions
Archaebacteria
methanogenshalophilesthermophilessulfate reducers
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The Protista Kingdom
Protista
Protozoa Water Molds algae Slime Molds
Grape Mildew
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The Fungi Kingdom
Fungi
Zygomycota Deuteromycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota
MushroomOrange mold Yeast Penicillium
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The Plantae Kingdom
Plantae
Non Vascular
Vascular Seedless
Vascular Naked Seeded
Vascular Seeded
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The Animalia Kingdom
Invertebrate
Animalia
Vertebrate
Fish Amphibian Reptile Bird Mammal
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Biodiversity• 1.4 million have actually been named
• Between 50,000 and 100,000 species lost every year.
• Up to 100 species become extinct every day.
• Scientists estimate that the total number of species lost each year will climb at a rate far exceeding any in the last 65 million years.
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The End
The Hamel