Classification and Phylogeny
description
Transcript of Classification and Phylogeny
Classification and Phylogeny
All these notes are in Chapter 46
Figure 26.3
Species:Panthera pardus
Genus:PantheraFamily:FelidaeOrder:Carnivora
Class:Mammalia
Phylum:Chordata
Domain:Bacteria
Kingdom:Animalia Domain:
ArchaeaDomain:Eukarya
Linneaus
• Carolus Linneaus (1707-1778) is the father of modern taxonomy. He conceived of giving each organism a unique scientific name bases on its classification.
• Binomial nomenclature• Linneaus was a classifying savant.
How to write a scientific name
• 1. • 2.• 3
• (Binomial Nomenclature)
Figure 26.5
Branch point:where lineages diverge
ANCESTRALLINEAGE
This branch pointrepresents thecommon ancestor oftaxa A–G.
This branch point forms apolytomy: an unresolvedpattern of divergence.
Sistertaxa
Basaltaxon
Taxon A
Taxon B
Taxon C
Taxon D
Taxon E
Taxon F
Taxon G
New Slide
• Read, “What we Can and Cannot Learn from Phylogenetic Trees”- page 539
Page 544
• Read Caption to 26.12, page 544, while viewing the next picture
Figure 26.11
TAXA Lancelet(outgroup)
Lamprey
Bass
Frog
Turtle
Leopard
Vertebralcolumn
(backbone)
Four walkinglegs
Hinged jaws
Amnion
Hair
Vertebralcolumn
Hinged jaws
Four walking legs
Amnion
Hair
(a) Character table (b) Phylogenetic tree
CHAR
ACTE
RS
Lanc
elet
(out
grou
p)
Lam
prey
Bass
Frog
Turt
le
Leop
ard
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
Figure 26.11b
Lancelet(outgroup)
Lamprey
Bass
Frog
Turtle
Leopard
Vertebralcolumn
Hinged jaws
Four walking legs
Amnion
Hair
(b) Phylogenetic tree
Hammerkop- South Africa