Classification7th Science

Ely, Hoyman, Jackson

Why Classify?Classification: the division of organisms into groups, or classes, based on specific characteristics.

• Classifying helps us to understand and order the many kinds of living things.

• Scientist group things by a system called Taxonomy. o Taxonomy is the science of describing, naming, and

classifying organisms

Who did it?• In the 1700’s a Swedish scientist

founded modern taxonomy• Carolus Linnaeus• He created a 7 level system to classify• He named this process: binomial

Nomenclature• He classified things by:

o Shapeo Structure

7 Levels of Classification

• Kingdom• Phylum• Class• Order• Family• Genus• Species

King Philip Came Over For Good Spaghetti

Scientific Name• Has 2-parts• Usually Latin or Greek • Used to group the animals and simplify the

process of knowing where they belonged in the classification process

• Genus (1st): Capital• Specific (2nd): lower case

o Example: Asian Elephant o Scientific Name: Elephas maximuso Genus: Elephaso Specific: maximus

Scientific Names

Water BuffaloBufo Bufo Red WolfCanis Lupus Rufus

Bottle Nosed DolphinTursiops Truncatus

Humans…

Humans Scientific Name: Homo sapiens

Dichotomous Key• Dichotomous Key: an aid that is

used to identify organisms and that consist of the answers to a series of questions

• Important to help scientist group new unknown species

Read steps 1a and 1b

Decide which statement is true

1b is true

Lets Learn How…

Then follow the directions after that step.

Go to step 5!

At choice 5, you make another dichotomous choice

Go to step 6!5a is true

Keep going until you come to a step

that gives you the creature’s name.

C

6 a. The creature has one antennae Go to Step 7.

http://www.edusolution.com/regentsexams/livingenviron/jan2011/ques66a.jpg

1. a. Organism is living........................................................go to 4.1. b. Organism is nonliving..................................................go to 2.2. a. Object is metallic........................................................go to 3.2. b. Object is nonmetallic..................................................ROCK.3. a. Object has wheels......................................................BICYCLE.3. b. Object does not have wheels......................................TIN CAN.4. a. Organism is microscopic...................................PARAMECIUM.4. b. Organism is macroscopic............................................go to 5.5. a. Organism is a plant.....................................................go to 6.5. b. Organism is an animal.................................................go to 8.6. a. Plant has a woody stem..............................................go to 7.6. b. Plant has a herbaceous stem.................................DANDELION.7. a. Tree has needle like leaves.....................................PINE TREE.7. b. Tree has broad leaves............................................OAK TREE.8. a. Organism lives on land................................................go to 9.8. b. Organism lives in water...............................................CLAM.9. a. Organism has 4 legs or fewer......................................go to 10.9. b. Organism has more than 4 legs...................................ANT.10 a. Organism has fur........................................................go to 11.10 b. Organism has feathers................................................ROBIN.11 a. Organism has hooves.................................................DEER.11 b. Organism has no hooves............................................MOUSE.

6 Kingdoms1.Plant2.Animal3.Archaebacteria4.Eubacteria5.Fungus6.Protista

Plant Kingdom• Plants are all multicellular and consist of complex

cells.• Has over 250,000 species• The plant kingdom is the second largest kingdom.• Plant species range from the tiny green mosses to

giant trees.• Without plants, life on Earth would not exist!

Plants feed almost all the heterotrophs (organisms that eat other organisms) on Earth.

• Plants are autotrophs, organisms that make their own food

Animal Kingdom• The animal kingdom is the largest kingdom with

over 1 million known species.• All animals consist of many complex cells. • They are heterotrophs. • Members of the animal kingdom are found in the

most diverse environments in the world.

Archaebacteria Kingdom

• These are unicellular• Reproduce ONLY by asexual reproduction• Important because they make up many

decomposers• Can live in very harsh environments

Eubacteria Kingdom• These are unicellular• Reproduce ONLY by asexual reproduction• These are common and you are in contact with

them regularly• They are the smallest organisms• Make up the largest number of living things on

earth

Fungus Kingdom• Most of these are Multicellular• Reproduce asexually and sexually• Are important in the decomposing of dead

organisms• Examples: mushrooms, yeast, lichen• Over 100,000 species of Fungus• Do NOT ingest nutrients to live

Protista Kingdom• Most of these are unicellular• Reproduce asexually and sexually• Includes more than 50,000 organisms• Used in toothpaste teeth whiteners• Animal like protist are called protozoans• Common example: algea