Classification What variety! What similarity!
Diversity of Life there are so many different creatures on Earth why are there differences? Unity of life all creatures havesimilarities common characteristics why are they so alike? Organizing the world of organsims
The Tree of Life organize creatures by structure & function how they are built how they live organize them into groups of closely related creatures Classification System to organize all living creatures plants animals
microbes etc. Why not use common names?
Misleading starfish dragonfly Confusing blue jay, blue coat, corn thief dog, perro, chien I swim, but Im still a bird! Carolus Linnaeus The Linnean system Homo sapiens proposed in 1700s
each species has a2 part name genus species Homo sapiens Latin binomial 2 part scientific name
Genus larger group to which organism belongs always capitalized species specific name for that organism always lowercase example: Linnaeus named humans Homo sapiens means wise man perhaps in a show of hope & optimism Classification Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species Bacteria & Archaebacteria
Eukaryote Prokaryote Classification 6 Kingdom system Prokaryotes No separate organelles in their cells Bacteria Archaebacteria Eukaryotes Separate organellesin their cells Protists Plants Fungi Animals Bacteria & Archaebacteria Kingdom Archaebacteria
Prokaryotes Kingdom Protist Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plant Kingdom Animal Kingdom Archaebacteria Kingdom Bacteria Eukaryotes Genus groupings Classify organisms into broader groups
Species that are closely related are grouped into the same genus LeopardPanthera pardus African lion Panthera leo Tiger Panthera tigris Orders & families Organizing systems Making sense out of the differences
Eastern gray squirrel Sciurus carolinensis Prokaryotes Bacteria one-celled organisms microscopic no organelles
have cell membrane have DNA most common form of life on Earth incredible number of different kinds Bacterial diversity rods and spheres and spirals Oh My! Rods Spheres Both Good & Bad Pathogens Beneficial & necessary cause disease
infections Beneficial & necessary help in digestion help plants grow make foods Archaebacteria Ancient bacteria live in extreme environments
high heat high salt the most ancientcreatures livingon Earth today Bacteria live EVERYWHERE
On plants & animals In plants & animals In the soil In the extreme cold In the extreme hot On the living On the dead Dichotomous Key A guide to identifying organisms
It is based on statements/questions that will be answered with one of two responses.These responses lead you to other statements until you reach the identity of the organism. 1 A. Metal. go to 2 1 B. Paper. go to 5 2 A. Brown (copper). penny 2 B
1 A. Metal go to 21 B. Paper go to A. Brown (copper) penny2 B. Silver go to A. Smooth edge nickel.3 B. Ridges around the edge....go to A. Torch on back dime4 B. Eagle on back quarter 5 A. Number 1 in the corners....$1 bill5 B. Number 2 in the corners....$2 bill Important Terms Prokaryote having no nucleus
Eukaryote having a nucleus Unicellular made up of one single cell Multicellular made up of more than one cell Autotroph make their own food Heterotroph get food from consuming something else