CLASSES OF DOGS:

St. Bernard:

-Country of origian: Italy and Switzerland

-Nickname: Saint

-The St. Bernard is a breed of very large working dog

from the Italian and Swiss Alpe, originally bred for

rescue. The breed has become famous through tales of

alpine rescues, as well as for its large size.

-The St. Bernard is a large dog. The average weight of

the breed Is between 140 and 264 lb (64–120 kg) or

more and the approximate height at the withers is 27½

inches to 35½ inches (70 to 90 cm).The coat can be

either smooth or rough, with the smooth coat close and

flat. The rough coat is dense but flat, and more profuse

around the neck and legs. The coat is typically a red

Color with white, or sometimes a mahogany brindle with

white.

-St. Bernard dogs are not used for alpine rescues as much as before, but do participate in a variety of dog

sports including carting and weight pulling.The Saint Bernard are still trained at the Barry foundation for

Alpine rescues. The dogs at the Barry foundation are smaller than the average St Bernard.

-The ancestors of the St. Bernard share a history with the Sennenhunds, also called Swiss Mountain Dogs or

Swiss Cattle Dogs, the large farm dogs of the farmers and dairymen of the Swiss Alps, which were livestock

guardians, herding dogs, and draft dogs as well as hunting dogs, search and rescue dogs, and

watchdogs. These dogs are thought to be descendants of molosser type dogs brought into the Alps by the

ancient Romans, and the St. Bernard is recognized internationally today as one of the Molossoid breeds.

-The very fast growth rate and the weight of a St. Bernard can lead to very serious deterioration of the bones

if the dog does not get proper food and exercise. Many dogs are genetically affected by hip dysplasia or

elbow dysplasia. Osteosarcoma (bone cancer) has been shown to be hereditary in the breed.

BULLDOG:

-Country of origin: England

-Life span: 8-12 years

-Bulldog: is the name for a breed of dog commonly

referred to as the English Bulldog. Other Bulldog

breeds include the American Bulldog, Olde English

Bulldogge and the French Bulldog. The Bulldog

is a muscular heavy dog with a wrinkled face and a

Distinctive pushed-in nose.

-In the US, a typical mature male weighs approximately

55-60 pounds. Mature females weigh in at approximately

45 pounds. In the United Kingdom, the breed

standards are 55 pounds for a male and 50 pounds for

a female.

-The Bulldog is a breed with characteristically wide head and shoulders along with a pronounced

mandibular prognathism. There are generally thick folds of skin on a Bulldog's brow; round, black, wide-set

eyes; a short muzzle with characteristic folds called "rope" above the nose; hanging skin under the

neck; drooping lips and pointed teeth and occasionally, an underbite. The coat is short, flat and sleek, with

colors of red, fawn, white, brindle (mixed colors, often in waves or irregular stripes), and piebald.

German Shepherd dog:

-Country of origian: Gerrmany

-Traits: Weight: male 30-40 kilograms and female 22

32 kilograms. Height: male 60-65 centrimetres and

female 53-60 centrimetres.

-The German Shepherd Dog (German: Deutscher

Schäferhund), also known as an Alsatian or just the

German Shepherd, is a breed of large-sized dog that

originated in Germany. The German Shepherd is a

relatively new breed of dog, with its origin dating to

1899. As part of the Herding Group, the German

Shepherd is a working dog developed originally for

herding and guarding sheep.

-In Europe during the 1800s, attempts were being made

to standardize breeds.The dogs were bred to preserve

traits that assisted in their job of herding sheep and

protecting flocks from predators.

In Germany this was practiced within local communities, where shepherds selected and bred dogs that they

believed had traits necessary for herding sheep, such as intelligence, speed, strength, and keen senses of

smell. The results were dogs that were able to perform admirably in their task, but that differed significantly,

both in appearance and ability, from one locality to another

-The breed was named Deutscher Schäferhund by Von Stephanitz, literally translating to "German Shepherd

Dog". The breed was so named due to its original purpose of assisting shepherds in herding and protecting

sheep. At the time, all other herding dogs in Germany were referred to by this name; they thus became known

as Altdeutsche Schäferhunde or Old German Shepherd Dogs. Shepherds were first exported to Britain in

1908, and the UK Kennel Club began to recognise the breed in 1919.

-Many common ailments of the German Shepherds are a result of the inbreeding required early in the breed's

life. One such common issue is hip and elbow dysplasia which may lead to the dog experiencing pain in later

life, and may cause arthritis. A study by the University of Zurich in police working dogs found that 45% were

affected by degenerative spinal stenosis, although the sample studied was small.The Orthopedic Foundation

for Animals found that 19.1% of German Shepherd are affected by hip dysplasia. Due to the large and open

nature of their ears, Shepherds are prone to ear infections.German Shepherds, like all large bodied dogs, are

prone to bloat.

Siberian Husky:

-Country of origian: Siberia, Russia

-Traits: Weight: male 50-75 pounds(23-34 Kg)

and female 35-60 pounds(16-27 Kg). Height: male

21-23.5 inches(53- 60 cm) and female 20-22

inches(51-56 cm).

-The Siberian Husky is a medium-size, dense

Coat working dog breedthat originated in north

eastern Siberia.The breed belongs to the Spitz

genetic family.

-The Siberian Husky is a medium-size, dense

coat working dog breed that originated in north

Siberia. The breed belongs to the Spitz

genetic family. It is recognisable by its thickly

furred double coat, sickle tail, erect triangular ears,

and distinctive markings.

-Siberian Huskies share many outward

similarities with the Alaskan Malamute as well as

with many other spitz breeds such as the Samoyed,

which has a comparable history to the Huskies.

They come in a variety of colors and patterns,

usually with white paws and legs, facial markings,

and tail tip.

SPANISH WATER DOG:

-Country of origian: Spain

-Nickname: SWD

-The SWD is a medium size, athletic, robust dog that is

slightly longer than tall. Their tails are usually docked

in the US, but undocked tails are not a fault in

conformation showing if the dog was bred in a non

docking country.

-It has a distinctive curly coat which is woolly in

texture and may form cords when long. The coat should

not be clipped or groomed for aesthetic purposes.

Instead, it should look entirely natural, as though it is

not groomed at all. It should never be trimmed, but

sheared down at least once a year. SWD puppies are

always born with curly hair.

YORKSHIRE TERRIER:

-Country of origian: England

-Nicknames: Yorkie

-The Yorkshire Terrier is a small dog breed of terrier

type, developed in the 19th century in the county of

Yorkshire, England to catch rats in clothing mills. The

defining features of the breed are its size, 3 pounds

(1.4 kg) to 7 pounds (3.2 kg), and its silky blue and tan

coat. The breed is nicknamed Yorkie and is placed in the

Toy Terrier section of the Terrier Group by the Fédération

Cynologique Internationale and in the Toy Group or

Companion Group by other kennel clubs, although all

agree that the breed is a terrier. A popular companion dog,

the Yorkshire Terrier has also been part of the development

of other breeds, such as the Australian Silky Terrier.

-For adult Yorkshire Terriers, importance is placed

on coat colour, quality, and texture. The hair

must be glossy, fine, straight, and silky.

Traditionally the coat is grown-out long and is

parted down the middle of the back, but "must

never impede movement."

DALMATIAN:

-Country of origian: Croatia

-Nicknames: Dal, Dally

-Traits: Weight: male 34-71 pounds (15-32 Kg), female

36-53 pounds (16-24 Kg). Height: male 21-26 inches

(53-66 cm), female 18-25 inches (46-63 cm).

-The FCI recognized as its country of origin the region

of Dalmatia in the citing Bewick's

1792 work.The Republic of Croatia was recognized by

the F.C.I. as the country of origin of the Dalmatian; the

breed had been developed and cultivated chiefly in

England. When the dog with the distinctive markings

was first shown in England in 1862 it was said to have

been used as a guard dog and companion to the nomads

of Dalmatia. But nothing is definitely known about its

origin. The breed's unique coat became popular and

widely distributed over the continent of Europe

beginning in 1920. Its unusual markings were often

mentioned by the old writers on cynology.

ENGLISH MASTIFF:

Country of origin: England

-Traits: Weight: male 150 to 250 pounds (68 to 110 Kg)

Female 120 to 200 ppounds (54-91 Kg). Height: male 30

Inches (75 cm) and female 27.5 inches (69 cm)

-The English Mastiff, referred to by most

Kennel Clubs simply as the Mastiff, is a breed of

large dog perhaps descended from the ancient

Alaunt through the Pugnaces Britanniae.

Distinguishable by enormous size, massive head,

and a limited range of colors, but always

displaying a black mask, the Mastiff is noted for

its gentle temperament.

-With a massive body, broad skull and head of generally

square appearance, it is the largest dog breed in terms of

mass. Though the Irish Wolfhound and Great Dane are

taller, they are not nearly as robust.

LABRADOR RETRIEVER:

-Country of origin: Canada, United Kingdom

-Traits: Weight: male 27-40 Kg (60-88 1b) female

27-35 Kg (60-77 1b). Height: male 56-63 cm (22-25

in) female 54-60 Kg (21-24 in).

-The Labrador Retriever (also Labrador, or Lab

for short) is one of several kinds of retriever, a type of

gun dog. A breed characteristic is webbed paws for

swimming, useful for the breed's original purpose of

retrieving fishing nets. The Labrador is the most

popular breed of dog by registered ownership in

Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States

(since 1991).

-Labradors are relatively large, with males typically

weighing 29 to 41 kg (64 to 90 lb) and females 25 to

32 kg (55 to 71 lb). Labradors weighing close to or

over 100 lb (45 kg) are considered obese or having a

major fault under American Kennel Club standards,

although some Labradors weigh significantly more.

BODEGUEROS:

-The Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz (the Andalusian

wine cellar keeper's rat hunting dog) is a Spanish breed

of dog of the terrier type. Its name reflects its main

occupation: hunting rats and mice hidden between

barrels in the wineries of Andalusia in Spain. It was

recognised as an indigenous Spanish breed in 2000 by

the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture and by the Spanish

Kennel Club, the Real Sociedad Canina de España.

-The is of medium size, measuring between 13.75–16.9

inches (34.9–43 cm) at the withers, with an appearance

very similar to that of the Jack Russell Terrier, to the

extent that it has on occasion been called the Spanish

Jack Russell. The breed is an agile dog with a lean and

athletic build; the head is triangular with a semi-flat

skull. The eyes are very dark and the Ratonero has a long

muzzle, and high set ears that bend over at the tip. The

tail is traditionally docked to one quarter of its length,

however they may also be born with a natural bobtail.

CHOW CHOW:

-Country of origin: Inner Asia

-Traits: Weight: male 55 to 70 pounds (25 to 32 Kg?

Female 45 to 60 pounds (20 to 27 Kg). Height: male 19-

22 in (48-56 cm) and female 18-20 in (46-51 cm)

-Chow chow: is a breed of dog that was

developed in China,where it is referred to as Songshi

Quan which literally means "puffy-lion dog". Whether

its origin is in Tibet, Mongolia, or Siberian regions of

Asia is still in doubt.

-The chow chow is a sturdily built dog, square in

profile,with a broad skull and small, triangular, erect

ears, which are rounded at the tips. The breed has a very

Dense double coat that can be either smooth or rough.

The fur is particularly thick around the neck, giving the

distinctive ruff or mane appearance. The coat may be

one of five colors including red, black, blue,

cinnamon/fawn, and cream.

-Recent DNA analysis confirms that the Chow Chow is one of the oldest breeds of dog.Research indicates

it is one of the first primitive breeds to evolve from the wolf, and is thought by many to have originated in the

arid steppes of northern China/Mongolia, although other theorists conjecture that its origin is in Siberian

regions of Asia. A Chinese bas-relief from 150 BC shows a hunting dog and a dog very friendly toward

children similar in appearance to the Chow. Later, Chow Chows were bred as general-purpose working dogs

for hunting, herding and protection of the home. The black tongued chow was also bred for human

consumption. Some scholars claim the Chow was the original ancestor of the Samoyed, Norwegian

Elkhound, Pomeranian and Keeshond.

BOXER:

-Country of origin: Germany

-Traits: Weight: male 66–70 lb (30–32 kg) female

55–60 lb (25–27 kg).Height: male 22–25 ins. (57

63 cms.) female 21–23.5 ins. (53–60 cms.)

-Coat: short, shiny, smooth, close-lying

-Colour: fawn or brindle, black mask, with or without

white markings.

-Developed in Germany, the Boxer is a breed of stocky,

large-sized, short-haired dog. The coat is smooth and

fawn or brindled, with or without white markings.

Boxers are brachycephalic (they have broad, short

skulls), and have a square muzzle, mandibular

prognathism (an underbite), very strong jaws and a

powerful bite ideal for hanging on to large prey. The

Boxer was bred from the Old English Bulldog and the

now extinct Bullenbeisser and is part of the Molosser

group.

-The head is the most distinctive feature of the Boxer. The breed standard dictates that it must be in perfect

proportion to the body and above all it must never be too light. The greatest value is to be placed on the

muzzle being of correct form and in absolute proportion to the skull. The length of the muzzle to the whole of

the head should be a ratio of 1:3.

-The Boxer is a short-haired breed, with a shiny, smooth coat that lies tight to the body. The recognized colors

are fawn and brindle, often with a white underbelly and white on the feet. These white markings, called flash,

often extend onto the neck or face, and dogs that have these markings are known as "flashy". "Fawn" denotes

a range of color, the tones of which may be described variously as light tan or yellow, reddish tan, mahogany

or stag/deer red, and dark honey-blonde. In the UK and Europe, fawn Boxers are typically rich in color and

are often called "red".

PIT BULL:

-A pit bull is any of several breeds of dog. All of the

breeds share a similar history, with origins rooted from

the bulldog and a variety of terriers. The dogs called bull

terriers before the development of the modern Bull

Terrier in the early 20th century may also be called pit

bulls. The American Pit Bull Terrier is the product of

interbreeding between terriers and a breed of bulldogs.

Because some pit bulls have been trained for criminal

purposes such as dog-fighting or for the protection of

drug trafficking operations, the subsequent aggressive

behavior has led to many incidents between these

animals and people.

-The American Pit Bull Terrier is the product of

interbreeding between terriers and bulldogs to produce a

dog that combined the gameness of the terrier with the

strength and athleticism of the bulldog. These dogs were

initially bred in England and arrived in the United States

with the founders. In the United States, these dogs were

used as catch dogs for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt,

to drive livestock, and as family companions.

-A limited number of studies have been performed on the number of human deaths due to bite trauma caused

by dogs, and have generally surveyed news media stories for reports of dog bite-related fatalities. This

methodology is subject to several potential sources of error: some fatal attacks may not have been reported; a

study might not find all of the relevant news reports; and the potential for misidentification of dog breeds,

although courts in the United States and Canada have ruled that expert identification, when using published

breed standards, is sufficient for the enforcement of breed-specific legislation. It is possible to distinguish

dogs by breed using DNA testing, but test results for any one dog can vary widely depending upon the

laboratory that performs the test and the number of purebred dog breeds in the laboratory's DNA database.

ROTTWEILER:

-Country of origin: Germany

Traits: Weight: male 50–58 kg (110–130 lb) female

40–48 kg (88–110 lb) Height: male 61–69 cm (24–27 in)

female 56–63 cm (22–25 in)

Coat: Double coated, Short, hard and thick.

Colour: Black and tan or black and mahogany.

-The Rottweiler is a medium to large size breed of

domestic dog that originated in Rottweil, Germany. The

dogs were known as "Rottweil butchers' dogs" (German:

Rottweiler Metzgerhund) because they were used to herd

livestock and pull carts laden with butchered meat and

other products to market. Some records indicate that

earlier Rottweilers may have also been used for hunting,

although the modern Rottweiler has a relatively low

hunting instinct.

-Although a versatile breed used in recent times for many purposes, the Rottweiler is primarily known as one

of the oldest herding breeds. A multi-faceted herding and stock protection dog, it is capable of working all

kinds of livestock under a variety of conditions.

The breed's history likely dates to the Roman Empire. In those times, the Roman legion traveled with

working dogs to herd the cattle needed to feed the army. One route the army traveled was through

Württemberg and on to the small market town of Rottweil. The principal ancestors of the first Rottweilers

during this time are believed to be the Roman droving dog, local dogs the army met on its travels, and dogs

with molosser appearance coming from England and the Netherlands.

-According to the FCI Standard, the Rottweiler is good-natured, placid in basic disposition, very devoted,

obedient, biddable and eager to work. Their appearance is natural and rustic, their behaviour self-assured,

steady and fearless. They react to their surroundings with great alertness. The American Kennel Club says it

is basically a calm, confident and courageous dog with a self-assured aloofness that does not lend itself to

immediate and indiscriminate friendships. A Rottweiler is self-confident and responds quietly and with a

wait-and-see attitude to influences in its environment. It has an inherent desire to protect home and family,

and is an intelligent dog of extreme hardness and adaptability with a strong willingness to work, making them

especially suited as a companion, guardian and general all-purpose dog.

SHAR PEI:

-Country of origin: China

-Traits: Weight: 40 to 65 lb (18 to 29 kg) male 55 to

65 lb (25 to 29 kg) female 40 to 55 lb (18 to 25 kg)

Height: 18 to 22 in (46 to 56 cm)

-Colour: red, red fawn, five-point red, black, black silver

sables, black bronze sables, sables, cream, blue, cream

dilute, apricot dilute, chocolate, chocolate dilute, lilac,

Isabelle.

-Small, triangular ears, a muzzle shaped like that of a

hippopotamus, and a high-set tail also give the Shar Pei a

unique look. For show standard, "the tail is thick and

round at the base, tapering to a fine point" (AKC standard

February 28, 1998). As puppies, Shar peis are a lot more

wrinkly than adults and, although some adults can be

wrinklier than their puppy self, an adult pei should have

wrinkles mostly on the face, a few on their shoulder and at

the base of the tail.

-The Shar Pei breed comes from the Guangdong province of China. The original Shar-Pei from China looked

very different from the breed now popular in the West. People in southern China, Hong Kong, and Macau

differentiate the Western type and the original type by calling them respectively 'meat-mouth' and 'bone

mouth' Shar-Pei.

The ancestry of the Shar-Pei is uncertain. It maybe a descendant of the Chow Chow; however, the only clear

link between these is the blue-black tongue. However, pictures on pottery suggest the breed was present even

in the Han Dynasty (206 BC). A statue on display at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts dating from the second

century A.D. depicts a dog that strongly resembles a modern Shar Pei. For many years, the Shar-Pei was kept

as a general-purpose farm dog in the Chinese countryside, used for hunting, protecting and herding stock and

guarding the home and family. During that time, the Shar-Pei was bred for intelligence, strength and scowling

face. Recent genetic research has suggested the Shar-Pei is one of a few ancient dog breeds, believed to have

split from common ancestors earlier than other breeds. By mapping subtle differences in each breed’s genes,

searching for patterns of relationships and designing a tree to fit them, they could finally gain insight into this

marvel of evolutionary engineering. In 2004, the foundational analysis of purebred dog genetics was

published in Science.

VOCABURARY:-Breed: raza

- Ancestry: ascendencia

- Maybe: quizás

- Mapping: asignación

- Engineering: ingenieria

-Weight: peso

-Height: altura

-Recent: recientes

-Capable: capaz

-Molosser: moloso

-Desire: deseo

-Willingnes:

-Coat: escudo

- Butchered: masacrado

-Behaviour: comportamiento- Enforcement: ejecución- Widely: ampliamente- Database: base de datos- Variety: variedad- Furred: pelo-Nearly: casi

-The information found in this work is sought in the wikipedia of internet and the pictures also. The difficulty with which I found is that it sometimes page looking for where things took much and sometimes not they gave me the information that you were looking for. This work is oriented to the dogs because there are many kinds of them and the most people only know the races basic and nothing more, why have echo this work.

Realizado:

-Irene Ruiz Bujalance

-Maria Pulido Serrano