Class2 malocclusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
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CLASS 2 MALOCCLUSON
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INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
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CLASSIFICATION OF CLASS II MALOCCLUSION
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PURPOSE OF CLASSIFICATION
• To localize and quantify any possible skeletal contribution to class2 malocclusion
•To identify dental displacement associated with the class2 malocclusion.
•To assign the patient to one of the class2 types
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MOYERS CLASSIFICATION
Six Horizontal types
Five vertical types
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HORIZONTAL TYPES
Type A Type B Type C Type D Type E Type F
Normal skeletal ,but class2 dental
Syndromal types of class2
Mild skeletal features
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TYPE-A (Dental class2) Normal skeletal
profile Mand dentition
placed normally to its base
Max dentition is protracted resulting in class2 molar relation
Increased over-jet and over-bite
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TYPE-B (Max excess)
Mid-face prominence
Normal mandible
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TYPE-C
Retrognathic max and mandible
Smaller facial dimension
Dental protrusion
More in females
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TYPE-D
Max and mand retrognatism
Max dental protrusion
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TYPE-E
Max prognathism and dental protrusion
Mand dental protrusion
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TYPE-F
It is a large heterogeneous group with mild skeletal class2 tendencies
It is a milder form of types B,C,D,E.
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VERTICAL TYPES
The five vertical types are not as clearly differentiated as the four syndromal horizontal types
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TYPE-1 (Steep mandibular plane or high angle case)
Mand plane and occlusal plane are steeper than normal
Palate tipped down
ACB tipped up
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TYPE-2 “ Square face”
MP,PP,OP and ACB are more horizontal
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TYPE-3
PP tipped up ant
Dec ant face ht
Open bite
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TYPE-4
PP,MP,OP all are tipped down leaving lip line high
Horz B
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TYPE-5
PP tipped down ant
Deep bite
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CLASS 2
Skeletal
Dental
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A skeletal Class II - fault with the maxillaA skeletal Class II - fault with the maxilla
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A skeletal Class II - fault with the mandibleA skeletal Class II - fault with the mandible
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A skeletal Class II - verticalA skeletal Class II - vertical
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DENTAL CLASS-2
Maxillary Dental protrusion
Mesial drift of the maxillary first permanent molars
Congenital disease or loss of the primary teeth
Ectopic molar eruption
Interarch tooth size discrepancy
Affects only lips
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Treatment of class 2
Primary dentition
Pre-adolescents
Adolescents
Adults
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Pre school children (primary dentition)
Distal step Mesial step Flush terminal
Mandibular deficiency can be recognized by age 3www.indiandentalacademy.com
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Growth modification can be used to correct distal step easily
As growth continues the discrepancy tends to recur as quickly as it was corrected.( both AP and Vertical skeletal discrepancy)
Except in most severe case it is unwise to begin treatment
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Treatment of pre-adolescent children's
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In early years of 20th century
Pressure against growing face( head gear )
• Angle introduced class 2 elastics to position mandible forward
•At later stage in US fixed guide planes were used to force pts to advance the mandible upon closure
With advent of ceph it became clear that both elastics and guide planes corrected class2 by mand dental protrusion
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Head gear was re-introduced in 1940s ceph analysis clearly demonstrated not only
retraction of upper teeth but also effects on max growth
In Europe efforts to stimulate mandibular growth led to the devt of a family of “functional appliances”.
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Thank You
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