Class 7 Thinkngskills5

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THINKING SKILLS TO BETTER YOUR ENGLISH

INTRODUCTION

In a world of rapid change and high competitive era, the ability to think with clarity and efficiency

has become increasingly important.

This programme enhances the skills that constitute clear and critical thinking.

The students acquire a greater degree of proficiency in the various skills of thinking if they are

provided with opportunities to practice.

Students with well-rounded, well-developed thinking skills will benefit in all areas of the school

curriculum, perform better in standardized tests and cope better with real-life situations.

The thinking skills include:

Fact and Opinion Real and Imaginary

Comparing and Contrasting Identifying steps in a process

Identifying main ideas Identifying relationships

Ordering objects Inferring

Judging completeness Anticipating probabilities

Mastery of the above said skills through practice will aid in the development of four stages of

Thinking.

Stage 1: Knowledge Stage 2: Comprehension

Stage 3: Application Stage 4: Analysis

NOTE: This programme is included in the internal examinations for ---------- marks.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Stage 1: KNOWLEDGE

Skill 1: Fact and Opinion

Skill 2: Real and Imaginary

Stage 2: COMPREHENSION

Skill 3: Comparing and Contrasting

Skill 4: Identifying steps in a process

Skill 5: Identifying main ideas

Skill 6: Identifying relationships



Stage 3: APPLICATION

Skill 7: Ordering objects

Skill 8: Inferring

Stage 4: ANALYSIS

Skill 9: Judging completenessSkill 10: Anticipating probabilities

KNOWLEDGE

Discriminating between Real and Imaginary

This skill develops the differentiation between real and imaginary situations.

Discriminating between Fact and Opinion

This skill makes the child to say which sentence tells of something that could be proven true

and which tells of something that merely expresses an opinion.

EXERCISE

I.Some of the sentences in the following story can only happen in our imagination.

Identify and underline them.

The Girl Who Couldn't Sleep

Long ago, in a faraway land, there l ived a g i r l named Samantha. She was ten

years o ld . A l though she was on ly ten, Samantha knew the te lephone numbers

of everyone in the wor ld and beyond.

Samantha l ived in an o ld cottage in a forest with her mother. They had two cats

and a dog. Their other pet was a very cute dragon.

Samantha had a problem: she found i t very hard to s leep at n ight. To help her

get to s le ep, she would play a CD with very soft, nice music.

One n ight , she was l is tening to a l ovely tune when, suddenly, she saw the

musical notes appear before her eyes. She was so

surprised. Some of the notes were red, some green and others gold.

Samantha ran downstairs to te l l her mother but when she got to her mother 's

room, she got an even bigge r surpr ise. Her mother had turned into a unicorn!

Samantha didn' t know what to do so she picked up the te lephone and dial led anumber.

"Hel lo ," sa id a vo ice at the other end, "Th is i s the mystery woman of P lanet

Zinga Zinga."

"Help!" cr ied Samantha, "I can't s leep and everything is real ly strange here!"

Then , a b r i l l i an t f l ash o f l i gh tn ing l i t up the house . Th i s was fo l lowed by a

loud c lap o f thunder as a hundred ten- legged horses ga l l oped th rough the

house. A l l the furniture started s inging songs.

Then, Samantha woke up.

II.Write 'R' (for real) in the box after each sentence which tells something that is or

could be real and 'I' (for imaginary) after each sentence which tells something that



2. The t iny f i sh was swimming bes ide the love ly merma id .

3. A mermaid has the head and body of a girl, and the tail of a fish.

2. Dragons are f i re-breath ing c reatures in s tory books .

3. The b rave knight plung ed his swor d int o the body of the dragon.

4 . A l i tt l e g i rl was f ly ing th rough the a i r on a magic carpet .

4. The l i t t le g ir l was hoping to have a magic carpet r ide.

5. I know a man who wished he could f ly l ike a bird.

6 . The man tr ied to f ly l i ke a bi rd .

7. I looked in the sky and saw a bird with the head of a man.

5. The man made some thick p aper wings and jumped off a c l i f f .

EXERCISE

A statement telling something that is true is called a fact. A statement from

someone about their thoughts or beliefs is called an opinion.

In the boxes provided, write 'F' after each fact and '0' after each opinion.

1 . S i n g a po r e i s a c o u n tr y i n A s i a .

2 . The f l ag o f S i ngapo r e i s r ed and wh i t e .

3 . I l o v e S i n gapo r e .

4 . M o r e S i n g a p o r e a n s s h o u l d v i s i t D i s n e y l a n d .

5 . I t h i nk S i ngapo r e i s much t oo busy .

6 . O r c h a r d a n d C i t y H a l l a r e t w o M R T s t a t i o n s .

7 . I th ink i t' s g r ea t go i ng t o t he z oo a t n i gh t .

8 . You w i l l s ee p len ty o f b ig ae rop lanes a t S ingapore ' s Chang i A i rpo r t .

9 . C h i n a t o w n i s o n e o f m y f a v o u r i t e p l a c e s .

10 . I th ink i t 's better to travel on the MRT than on the bus.

11 . S o m e t i m e s , S i n g a p o r e h a s t h u n d e r s t o r m s .

12 . S i r S tam fo rd Ra f f l e s i s an i mpo r t an t man i n S i ngapor e' s h is to ry .



Identifying steps in a process

Some things need to be done in a step-by-step way. This skill makes the child identify those steps

based on his previous knowledge or by the hints given in the question and arrange them in a order.

Identifying the main idea

Pictures and stories have a main idea / theme. Usually, the complete story or a paragraph in a story isdeveloped around a main idea / theme. This skill develops the knowledge to identify this main idea and

also to construct a story around this idea.

Identifying relationships

Some things go together. This skill develops the child’s knowledge about relationships between

different things.

Exercise:

To compare things means to say what is alike about them. To contrast things means to tell

what is different about them.

I. Look at the pictures of the two trees and read the paragraph that follows.

Identify Tree X and Tree Y. Then, based on the information in the pictures and the

paragraph, answer these questions.

Tree X and Tree Y both grow near a river bank. They both have thick trunks. However,

Tree X is tall, while Tree Y is quite short. Tree X has branches which do not have

many leaves, while Tree Y has branches that are leafy and provide a lot of

shade. Wha t is the same abou t Tree X and Tree Y?

2. How are Tree X and Tree Y different?



II. Look carefully at the pictures. Compare and contrast the biplane and the

passenger jet.

Biplane Passenger jet

1 . H o w a r e t he t w o a i r c r a f t a l i k e ?

2 . Complete the table bel ow by saying how the two aircraft are

different.

a. size

b. windows

C. wings

II. Identifying steps in a process.

A. Ramu wants to open a bank account .As he is new to the bank operations he is in mere confusion.

Help him by arranging the following steps in order to open an account.

1. Collect an application form from the counter.

2. Get the form attested by an account holder.

3. Submit the application duly filled in and signed to the competent person.

4. Deposit the minimum amount in your account.

5. Collect your pass-book the following day.

6. Fill in the required information.



2. 1 teaspoon mustard seeds.

3. Remove cooker, release pressure.

4. Delicious chutney is ready

5. Take ¼ cup of vegetable oil.

6. Put in the cooker ½ tsf turmeric powder, 1 ½ kg of raw mangoes to salt +water .put on highheat.

7. Add mustard seeds

III. Identifying main idea:

The main idea of a paragraph may be found in the first or last sentence, or even in

the middle of the paragraph.

A. Underline the sentence with the main idea in each paragraph below.

1. The sky could not fall down because there is nothing where we call `sky'. Long

ago, people thought the sun, moon and

stars were at the top of the sky.

They thought we lived inside a bowl that was

turned upside down.

2. When you look at a rainbow, have you ever

wondered if other people see the

other s ide of the rainbow at the same

time? You can see both sides of a

bridge, because there are two sides. You

only have to walk or drive round to

see the other side of a bridge, but a

rainbow has only one side.

3. It is impossible to sleep with our eyes open. To keep them open needs effort,

although the brain does this for you without you having to think when you

are awake. When you become sleepy, you relax and your eyelids drop

because of their own weight.

4. Most male birds have brighter feathers

than female birds. Male birds have

better voices than female birds. All

these come about because each male

bird, when looking for a wife, likes to

show off his coloured feathers. He also

likes to attract the female bird by

calling and singing to her.

IV. Identifying Relationships:



Causes Effects

1. Running beside a

swimming pool a. may cause you to feel unwell.

2. Reading books b. may cause eye damage.

3. Eating your food too

quickly c. may help increase your

knowledge.

4. Spinning around on one

spot d. may cause you to slip over.

e. may cause you to have an

accident.

5. Riding your bike too fast

6. Looking direct ly at the sun g. may cause you to feel dizzy.

B. List out two things that people who do the following jobs would need.1.House keeper

2House cleaner

3.First aid officer

APPLICATION

Ordering objects

The skill develops ordering of some objects in certain ways / depending on certain criteria (eg.,

according to size, height etc.).

Inferring:

This skill develops the inferring capacity on any given information.

Exercise:

I. A. Arrange each list in order according to the directions above it. Write

'1', '2', '3', '4' or '5' on the line before the word.

1. From heavy to lighttable

pintennis ballchair

pencil

2. From small to largelarge plate

saucer small buttontelescope dish

large coin

3. From slow to fastcat

mouse

cheetah

4. From short to tall

giraffe

manTyrannosaurus Rex

monkey



B. Arrange the items in each group below according to size or amount, from

smallest to largest. Write the items in order.

1 . 1 8 6 , 1 6 6 , 1 3 2 , 1 9 1 , 1 7 9

1. smal l

warship, d inghy, large ocean l iner, smal l yacht, ferry boat

1 . m a n d a r i n , w a t e r m e l o n , s m a l l a p r i c o t , p e a , o r a n g e

1. hour, s e c on d , mon t h , w eek , m i n u t e

2 . encyclopaedia set, large book, newsle tter, newspaper, thick magazine

2. c a t e r p i l l a r , c r o c od i l e , a n t , b e e t l e , s n ak e

3 . t r e e s , f l ow e r s , b u s h e s , f o r e s t s , s e ed s

I I . . Read each story and circle the correct answers.

1. It was night time in the village. They lay in bed, awake.

There was a faint l ight outside and a rumbling sound could be heard. The

rumbling got louder and louder, and the l ight grew brighter and brighter. Then,

the rumbling became softer and softer, and the light became d immer and

dimmer. Someone sa id , "What was that?" It was

a. an earthquake b. a passing train c . so me m en on

horses

2. This homework was not easy. I had been working on it for more than anhour. It was no use using a dict ionary, atlas or encyclopaedia. If only I had a

calculator. It was _________________________________

a. English homework b. researching a c . Maths home work

famous person

3. I enjoyed my holiday very much. I had never seen snow before. It was fun

on the ski slopes.

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My holiday was in _______________

a. Hawaii b. Switzerland c. Egypt

4. I l ike visiting my cousins. There are so many interesting things to do, and it 's

always so quiet there. It 's fun swimming in the stream and I l ike hear ing the

sounds of the animals. My cous ins l ive

a. in a city apartment b. at the beach c. on a farm

ANALYSIS

Judging completeness

The ability to judge what is missing (in a figure / sentence / paragraph) is learnt through this

skill.

Anticipating probabilities

Predicting a likely future outcome is the skill learnt through this concept.

Exercise:

I. (-There are many problems that can be solved, only if you hove all the

necessary or complete information.

A. In each word problem below, some information is missing. Read the

problem. On the line provided, write the information you would need before

you can solve the problem.

1. I bought some penci ls for 70 cents each. How much change did I ge t

from $5?

2. A

man buys a new car. This car costs $2000 more than what he paid for his

last car . How much does the new car cost?

3. Ben

and Gerald go f ish ing. Ben catches more f ish than Gerald. I f Gerald

catches seven f ish, how many f ish does Ben catch?

4. The

bus to Scottsdale leaves f ive minutes after the bus to Seaview. At what t ime

does the bus to Seaview leave?

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5.

Simone's mother buys a hat for $15, a scarf for $12 and a ha ndb ag.

How much does she spend a l together?

6. Lennie’s dog is four years older than Tommy’s dog. Tommy’s dog is the same age asBrenda’s cat. How old is Lennie’s dog?

7. Pasty has 20 lollipops which she would like to share with her friends. How many lollipopswill each child receive?

II. Read the story and answer the questions that follow.

Mr Bowland's Dog

Mr Bowland is very r ich. He is a kind man who never married, preferr ing to l ive

in his big house with his beloved dog, Rover. Mr Bowland is known to l ike al lchi ldren and al l animals. One day, when you are playing with your fr iends at the

park, you see Mr Bowland searching for Rover. You see that Mr Bowland is very

upset, and you hear h im mutter ing, "Miss ing three days, miss ing three days."

You go to Mr Bowland and say, "Mr Bowland, I know how much you love your

dog. May I help you f ind h im?"

1. Say what happens next .

2. If Rover was never found, what could you do for Mr Bowland to make him feel better?

B. Study these pictures. They show two men who want to cross the mountains by

horse. The mountains are very rugged with lots of rocks, some dense forest andfallen trees.

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Picture A Picture B

The rider in Picture A is partly blind but he rides a race horse. The rider in Picture Bcan see well but his horse is quite slow. Which rider will cross the mountains first?

Give your

reasons below.

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