CLASS 13. Approach 3: Beyond g Spearman says g underlies all intelligence But we all know someone...
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Transcript of CLASS 13. Approach 3: Beyond g Spearman says g underlies all intelligence But we all know someone...
CLASS 13
Approach 3:
Beyond ‘g’
Spearman says g underliesall intelligence
But we all know someone who…..
Most people think and some researchers agree that:
Intelligence is more than ‘g’
Statistical Paradox ?
Everyone believes that some people are more intelligent than others
But everyone believes that they are above average
Statisticians say impossible !
Psychologists say no paradox
Dunning solves the paradox:
Our personal definitions ensure that we are above average
What other definitions have a legitimate basis?
Gardner’s multiple intelligencesTRADITIONAL Logical-mathematical Linguistic (verbal)
Spatial (geometric) Inter-personal (social) CONTROVERSIAL Intra-personal Musical
Kinesthetic Naturalist
Spiritual
Gardner’s latest
Replaced Spiritual intelligence with:
Existential intelligence
Moral intelligence
Here are some recent nominees:
Which type of intelligence does each have?
Albert Einstein
Logical-mathematicalintelligence
Oprah
Winfrey
Interpersonalintelligence
Gary Kasparov
Spatial intelligence
Eminem
Linguistic intelligence
Sigmund Freud
Intra-personal Intelligence
Patrick Kane
Kinesthetic intelligence
Mahatma Ghandi
Spiritual intelligence
David Suzuki
Naturalist intelligence
But where is creativity?
Suggestions for other intelligences?
Critique of Gardner’s approachMuch subjective opinion
Many of the intelligences are too vague to be measured objectively
Without measures, no practical value yet
IN HIS DEFENSE: used multiple sources
CYNICAL VIEW: everyone needs to feel intelligent and Gardner just wants to make us all happy
Empirical components
Spearman (1 = g)Wechsler (2)Cattell (2)Thurstone (7)Guilford (120)
Scholastic aptitudeScholastic Aptitude Test (SAT)
– 3 subscales (math, reading, writing)
Graduate Record Exam (GRE) -- 3
LSAT, MCAT, GMAT (2-3 subscales)
Sex differences?
Have diminished over time
Some remain – even on GREs
Writing ability favors females (recent addition)
Spatial rotation favors males
Why sex differences?
Nature: Brain differences ?
Nurture: sex roles ?
e.g. spatial ability
Sex differences in g
No sex differences on Stanford-Binet
Coincidence ?
Summary
Several empirical components are reliably distinguished
Many conceptual intelligences not yet measured
Traditional sex differences are diminishing but some still evident
Emotional Intelligence
Being good at perceiving, understanding, and expressing emotions
More important than IQ?
But how to measure?
One approach is to test ability to judge emotions accurately.
Q: What emotion?
A: Sadness, as judged by the person who made the drawing
Q: what emotion?
A: grief:
-as judged by
consensus based on
context
A: Surprise
-- based on instructions to pose.
Q: What emotion?
A: the joy of using Play Station 3,
as judged by the manufacturer.
Critique of EQDifficult to evaluate emotion accuracy
Self-reports are dubious
Is emotional intelligence something else?