Claim-Evidence-Reasoning• Claim:– A statement that answers the original question– Usually just one sentence

• Evidence:– All of the data that supports your claim– Not all data is considered evidence!– The more relevant evidence, the better your claim is

supported.• Reasoning:– Explains why the data you chose counts as evidence.– Acts as a ‘conclusion’– Should be a few sentences in length

Example:Explain why greenhouse walls can be constructed of glass or clear plastic but not wood or metal.Neither wood nor metal will work as the walls of a greenhouse. Wood and metal do not allow visible light to pass through them. Light can pass through both clear glass and plastic, but lower-energy thermal radiation cannot. A greenhouse warms up when light energy is absorbed by materials inside that can radiate that thermal energy back into the greenhouse as they heat up. If the materials of the walls blocks light energy from getting inside the greenhouse, then it cannot become trapped thermal energy and the greenhouse will not warm up. Therefore, wood and metal would not work for the construction of greenhouses.

Example: Claim-Evidence-ReasoningExplain why greenhouse walls can be constructed of glass or clear plastic but not wood or metal.Neither wood nor metal will work as the walls of a greenhouse. Wood and metal do not allow visible light to pass through them. Light can pass through both clear glass and plastic, but lower-energy thermal radiation cannot. A greenhouse warms up when light energy is absorbed by materials inside that can radiate that thermal energy back into the greenhouse as they heat up. If the materials of the walls blocks light energy from getting inside the greenhouse, then it cannot become trapped thermal energy and the greenhouse will not warm up. Therefore, wood and metal would not work for the construction of greenhouses.

Example: Claim-Evidence-ReasoningExplain why greenhouse walls can be constructed of glass or clear plastic but not wood or metal.Neither wood nor metal will work as the walls of a greenhouse. Wood and metal do not allow visible light to pass through them. Light can pass through both clear glass and plastic, but lower-energy thermal radiation cannot. A greenhouse warms up when light energy is absorbed by materials inside that can radiate that thermal energy back into the greenhouse as they heat up. If the materials of the walls blocks light energy from getting inside the greenhouse, then it cannot become trapped thermal energy and the greenhouse will not warm up. Therefore, wood and metal would not work for the construction of greenhouses.

Example: Claim-Evidence-ReasoningExplain why greenhouse walls can be constructed of glass or clear plastic but not wood or metal.Neither wood nor metal will work as the walls of a greenhouse. Wood and metal do not allow visible light to pass through them. Light can pass through both clear glass and plastic, but lower-energy thermal radiation cannot. A greenhouse warms up when light energy is absorbed by materials inside that can radiate that thermal energy back into the greenhouse as they heat up. If the materials of the walls blocks light energy from getting inside the greenhouse, then it cannot become trapped thermal energy and the greenhouse will not warm up. Therefore, wood and metal would not work for the construction of greenhouses.

Example:

The Temptations are the best band ever. They have a song I really like. Therefore, the Temptations are the best band ever.

Why might this be a bad argument?

ClaimA statement or conclusion that answers the original question/problem.

EvidenceScientific data that supports the claim. The data need to be appropriate and sufficient to support the claim.

ReasoningA justification that connects the evidence to the claim. It shows why the data count as evidence by using appropriate and sufficient scientific principles.

0 Does not make a claim, or makes an inaccurate claim.

Does not provide evidence, or only evidence is not appropriate (evidence does not support claim).

Does not provide reasoning, or reasoning is not relevant.

2 Makes an accurate but incomplete claim.

Provides appropriate but insufficient evidence to support claim. May include some inappropriate evidence.

Provides reasoning that connects the evidence to the claim. May include some scientific principles or justification for why the evidence supports the claim, but not sufficient.

4 Makes an accurate and complete claim.

Provides appropriate and sufficient evidence to support claim.

Provides reasoning that connects the evidence to the claim. Includes appropriate and sufficient scientific principles to explain why the evidence supports the claim.

Reading Annotation Key

Important facts/ main ideas

Supporting ideas (evidence)

Concl = main conclusions drawn

? = confusing information

Difficult words

Key Content Vocab