Civil WarCivil War

What political party was What political party was Abraham Lincoln?Abraham Lincoln?

•RepublicanRepublican

Who won the 1860 Who won the 1860 presidential election?presidential election?

•Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln

Why did some Southern Why did some Southern states refuse to accept states refuse to accept Lincoln’s election as Lincoln’s election as

president?president?

• They feared Lincoln would They feared Lincoln would try to abolish or at least try to abolish or at least further limit slavery.further limit slavery.

What action did some What action did some Southern states take in Southern states take in

the winter of 1860-1861?the winter of 1860-1861?

•Seceded from the Seceded from the UnionUnion

What did it mean for a What did it mean for a state to secede from the state to secede from the

Union?Union?

•Withdraw from Withdraw from the Unionthe Union

What new nation did the What new nation did the Southern states establish Southern states establish

after they seceded from the after they seceded from the Union?Union?

• Confederate States of Confederate States of America – also calledAmerica – also called

• The ConfederacyThe Confederacy

Who was president of Who was president of the Confederacy?the Confederacy?

•Jefferson DavisJefferson Davis

Where did the Civil War Where did the Civil War begin?begin?

• Fort Sumter in Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Charleston, South CarolinaCarolina

What were the dates What were the dates of the Civil War?of the Civil War?

•1861 – 1865 1861 – 1865

What is a What is a civil war?civil war?

•A war between A war between people of the same people of the same countrycountry

What have the What have the Virginia Standards of Virginia Standards of Learning identified as Learning identified as the seven causes of the seven causes of

the Civil War?the Civil War?

• 1) Sectional debate over 1) Sectional debate over tariffs, the spread of slavery tariffs, the spread of slavery into the territories, and the into the territories, and the nature of the Union (states’ nature of the Union (states’ rights)rights)

• 2) Northern abolitionists vs. 2) Northern abolitionists vs. Southern defenders of Southern defenders of slaveryslavery

• 3) Dred Scott Decision3) Dred Scott Decision

• 4) Uncle Tom’s Cabin4) Uncle Tom’s Cabin

• 5) Poor presidential 5) Poor presidential leadershipleadership

• 6) Failed compromises6) Failed compromises

• 7) Lincoln’s call for troops7) Lincoln’s call for troops

Define Define emancipation.emancipation.

•Freeing the African-Freeing the African-American slavesAmerican slaves

What early 19What early 19thth century century debate reached a climax debate reached a climax

during the Civil War?during the Civil War?

• The power of the The power of the federal government vs. federal government vs. states’ rightsstates’ rights

Identify Abraham Lincoln.Identify Abraham Lincoln.

• President of the United President of the United States during the Civil WarStates during the Civil War

• Against secessionAgainst secession

• Believed the Union should Believed the Union should be held together by force, if be held together by force, if necessarynecessary

Identify Jefferson Davis.Identify Jefferson Davis.

• President of the President of the Confederate States of Confederate States of AmericaAmerica

• United States senator United States senator from Mississippi, when from Mississippi, when Mississippi secededMississippi seceded

Identify Ulysses S. Identify Ulysses S. GrantGrant

• The greatest Union generalThe greatest Union general

• Won victories over the Won victories over the Confederate army after Confederate army after several other Union several other Union commanders had failedcommanders had failed

• Accepted Lee’s surrender at Accepted Lee’s surrender at AppomattoxAppomattox

Identify Robert E. Identify Robert E. Lee.Lee.

• Confederate general who Confederate general who commanded the Army of Northern commanded the Army of Northern VirginiaVirginia

• Against secessionAgainst secession

• Did not believe the Union should be Did not believe the Union should be held together by forceheld together by force

• After the war, Lee encouraged After the war, Lee encouraged Southerners to accept defeat and Southerners to accept defeat and unite as Americans againunite as Americans again

Identify Frederick Identify Frederick Douglass.Douglass.

• A former enslaved African-A former enslaved African-AmericanAmerican

• Became an important Became an important African-American abolitionistAfrican-American abolitionist

• During the Civil War, During the Civil War, encouraged President encouraged President Lincoln to recruit former Lincoln to recruit former enslaved African-Americans enslaved African-Americans to fight in the Union army.to fight in the Union army.

According to the Standards of According to the Standards of Learning, what were the two Learning, what were the two most important battles of the most important battles of the

Civil War?Civil War?

•AntietamAntietam

•GettysburgGettysburg

In what state was In what state was the Battle of the Battle of

Antietam fought?Antietam fought?

•MarylandMaryland

How did the Northern How did the Northern press interpret the press interpret the

military stalemate at military stalemate at Antietam?Antietam?

• As a major Union victory, As a major Union victory, because Lee and his because Lee and his Confederate army retreated Confederate army retreated back into Virginiaback into Virginia

Why was the Battle of Why was the Battle of Antietam very important?Antietam very important?

• North’s belief that Antietam North’s belief that Antietam was a Northern victory was a Northern victory allowed President Lincoln to allowed President Lincoln to issue the Emancipation issue the Emancipation ProclamationProclamation

Why did the Battle of Why did the Battle of Antietam mark a new Antietam mark a new

stage in the Civil War?stage in the Civil War?

• After Antietam, President After Antietam, President Lincoln announced the Lincoln announced the Emancipation Emancipation ProclamationProclamation

Who issued the Who issued the Emancipation Emancipation Proclamation?Proclamation?

•President Abraham President Abraham LincolnLincoln

What did the What did the Emancipation Emancipation

Proclamation do?Proclamation do?

• Freed all slaves who lived Freed all slaves who lived in states in states stillstill in rebellion in rebellion on January 1, 1863on January 1, 1863

What was the North’s war What was the North’s war aim before the aim before the Emancipation Emancipation Proclamation?Proclamation?

•Preservation of the Preservation of the UnionUnion

What were the North’s war What were the North’s war aims after the Emancipation aims after the Emancipation

Proclamation?Proclamation?

• Preservation of the UnionPreservation of the Union

• Abolition of African-Abolition of African-American slaveryAmerican slavery

What two European What two European countries considered countries considered

aiding the Confederacy?aiding the Confederacy?

•Great Britain Great Britain

• FranceFrance

What effect did the What effect did the Emancipation Proclamation Emancipation Proclamation

have on England and France?have on England and France?

• Discouraged them from siding Discouraged them from siding with the Confederacywith the Confederacy

• The governments of England The governments of England and France did and France did notnot want to want to appear to support slavery.appear to support slavery.

What battle was the What battle was the military turning point of military turning point of

the Civil War?the Civil War?

•GettysburgGettysburg

Where was the Battle of Where was the Battle of Gettysburg?Gettysburg?

•PennsylvaniaPennsylvania

Which side won the Which side won the Battle of Gettysburg?Battle of Gettysburg?

•The NorthThe North

•The Union ArmyThe Union Army

What did Lincoln identify as What did Lincoln identify as the North’s two war aims in the North’s two war aims in the Gettysburg Address?the Gettysburg Address?

• Preservation of the UnionPreservation of the Union

• Abolition of SlaveryAbolition of Slavery

What did Lincoln believe What did Lincoln believe was the nature of the was the nature of the

Union?Union?

• The United States was one The United States was one nation, instead of a nation, instead of a federation of independent federation of independent states.states.

What did the South What did the South think was the nature of think was the nature of

the Union?the Union?

• The states had freely joined The states had freely joined the Union and could freely the Union and could freely leave or secede.leave or secede.

What vision did President What vision did President Lincoln describe for the Lincoln describe for the

United States in the United States in the Gettysburg Address?Gettysburg Address?

• The United States was The United States was dedicated to the idea that dedicated to the idea that “all men are created “all men are created equal.”equal.”

In the Gettysburg Address In the Gettysburg Address what did Lincoln call a what did Lincoln call a

“Second American “Second American Revolution”?Revolution”?

•The Civil WarThe Civil War

Who said the United States Who said the United States was ruled by a government was ruled by a government

“of the people, by the people, “of the people, by the people, and for the people”?and for the people”?

•Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln

In what speech did Lincoln In what speech did Lincoln use the phrase “of the people, use the phrase “of the people,

by the people, and for the by the people, and for the people”?people”?

•The Gettysburg The Gettysburg AddressAddress

According to what Lincoln According to what Lincoln said in the Gettysburg said in the Gettysburg

Address, what institution Address, what institution must not exist in the United must not exist in the United

States?States?

•African-American African-American SlaverySlavery

What happened at What happened at Appomattox?Appomattox?

• Lee surrendered to Lee surrendered to Grant.Grant.

• The Civil War ended.The Civil War ended.

Where did the Civil War Where did the Civil War end?end?

•Appomattox Appomattox Courthouse in VirginiaCourthouse in Virginia

How did the Civil War How did the Civil War impact African-impact African-

Americans?Americans?

• Emancipation Proclamation Emancipation Proclamation allowed for the enlistment of allowed for the enlistment of African-American soldiers in African-American soldiers in the Union Armythe Union Army

• During the Civil War, many During the Civil War, many enslaved African-Americans enslaved African-Americans gained freedom by running gained freedom by running behind Union linesbehind Union lines

How did the Civil War How did the Civil War affect the common affect the common

soldier?soldier?

• Hand-to-hand combatHand-to-hand combat

• Brutal warfareBrutal warfare

• Lonely and boring camp lifeLonely and boring camp life

How do historians know How do historians know about the life of the common about the life of the common soldier during the Civil War?soldier during the Civil War?

• War time diariesWar time diaries

• Letters sent home by the Letters sent home by the soldiers soldiers

What did Southern soldiers What did Southern soldiers often find when they returned often find when they returned

home after the Civil War?home after the Civil War?

• Their homes were Their homes were destroyeddestroyed

• Their families were poorTheir families were poor

How did the Civil War How did the Civil War physically affect many physically affect many

soldiers on both sides?soldiers on both sides?

• Returned home wounded or Returned home wounded or crippledcrippled

• Lived with permanent Lived with permanent disabilitiesdisabilities

During the Civil War, what During the Civil War, what roles were women required to roles were women required to assume on the home front?assume on the home front?

•Nontraditional rolesNontraditional roles

Describe the role of many Describe the role of many women during the women during the

Civil War.Civil War.

• Managed homes and Managed homes and families without much families without much money or foodmoney or food

• Faced poverty and hungerFaced poverty and hunger

What new roles did women What new roles did women assume during the assume during the

Civil War?Civil War?

• Ran farmsRan farms

• Worked as nursesWorked as nurses

• Worked in war industriesWorked in war industries