Civil WarCivil WarSection 1

VocabularyVocabularyBorder States

◦Definition: slave state that stayed with the Union

◦Sentence: Border states felt preserving the Union was the most important issue.

VocabularyVocabularyBlockade

◦Definition: the isolating or closing off of a port by hostile ships to prevent entrance or exit

◦The Union blockaded Southern ports.

NotesNotesQuestion #1

◦What were the strengths and weaknesses of the North and South?

NotesNotesUnion States Border States Confederate

States

NY,ME,NH,VT,MA,CT,RI,PA,NJ,OH,IN IL,MI,WI,MN,IA,CA,OR,KS

DE,MD, WV,KY,MO VA,NC,SC,GA,AR,TN,FL,MS,LA,TX,AL

NotesNotesNorthern Advantages:Could Field, Feed, and Equip an

Army◦More People

2/3 of the countries population

◦Better Transportation 2x the rail roads

◦2X the Farm Fields◦More Industry

110,000 FACTORIES

NotesNotesNorthern Strategy

◦Blockade the South◦Gain Control of the Mississippi River◦Invade Richmond VA

NotesNotesNorthern Weakness

◦Weak generals at the beginning of the war

◦Not many trained Soldiers◦Fighting mostly occurred in the

South on unfamiliar terrain

NotesNotesSouthern AdvantagesMilitary Advantage

◦Will to fight◦Top Military Generals◦Home Turf◦Help from locals

NotesNotesSouthern StrategyFight until the North gave up or

realized the South would become its own nation

Supplied by Britain

NotesNotesSouthern Weakness

◦Not many factories◦Less advanced weaponry◦Fewer people to fight◦Little transportation

NotesNotesSoldiers:

◦South Men ages 18-45 Mostly poor farmers

◦North ½ Farmers ¼ immigrants

NotesNotesConditions:

◦Muddy roads and fields◦No clean water◦Disease: Small Pox, Typhoid Fever◦Prisons were over crowded and

lacked resources. Many prisoners were forced to eat rodents or die

Civil WarCivil WarSection 2

VocabularyVocabularyIron Clad

◦War ships covered with protective iron plates

◦The ironclads faced each other in only one battle.

VocabularyVocabularyCasualty

◦A person killed or injured in battle◦The Civil War saw the highest

casualty rate out of any American War

NotesNotesQuestion 2

◦Why did neither the Union nor the Confederacy gain a strong advantage during the early years of the war?

NotesNotesNew technologies used in the Civil War

New Rifles were more accurate and quicker to load 

Ironclads were warships covered with protective iron plates.

The Unions’ was named the Monitor and the Confederacy’s was named Merrimack.

NotesNotesReactions: After each video write

a reaction to itLeave 2 lines between each

◦Video 1◦Video 2◦Video 3◦Video 4

VideoVideohttp://www.history.com/topics/civ

il-war-technology/videos#civil-war-biological-warfare

http://www.history.com/topics/civil-war-technology/videos#trench-warfare

http://www.history.com/videos/civil-war-weapons-whose-were-better#civil-war-weapons-whose-were-better

http://www.history.com/videos/civil-war-weapons-whose-were-better#extreme-history-civil-war-troop-training

NotesNotesThe War in the East

◦U.S. General, Like General McClellan were overly cautious

◦Rarely attacked the southern army◦The North lost several of the first

major battle of the Civil War including Bull Run and Chancellorsville

◦Lee tried to invade the north twice and failed

NotesNotesAntietam Creek

◦Location: Sharpsburg MD◦Casualties: N:12,400◦ S: 13,700◦Leaders: N: McClellan◦ S: Lee◦Outcome: North Won◦Importance:

Lincoln would write the Emancipation Proclamation

Bloodiest single day battle in US History

NotesNotesThe War in the West

◦Main goal was to conquer the Mississippi River

◦Heaviest fighting took place in Tennessee and Mississippi

◦South lost New Orleans◦Ironclads didn’t work as well as they

hoped

NotesNotesBattle of ShilohLocation: Shiloh TennesseeCasualties: N:13,000 S: 13,700Leaders: N: Grant S: Johnston/ BeauregardOutcome: North WonImportance: Shown Grant would

fight at any cost

NotesNotesBattle of Shilohhttp://www.history.com/topics/

american-civil-war/videos#the-battle-of-shiloh

Civil WarCivil WarSection 3

VocabularyVocabularyEmancipate

◦To free from restraint, control, or from the power of another

◦Abraham Lincoln emancipated the slaves in the southern states.

VocabularyVocabularyHabeas Corpus

◦The right of a citizen to obtain protection against illegal imprisonment

◦Your right to habeas corpus prevents you from being arrested without a warrant.

VocabularyVocabularyDraft

◦To select for required military service.

◦During the Civil War both sides drafted men to fight.

VocabularyVocabularyGreenbacks

◦A legal tender note issued by the US Government to be used as currency.

◦Greenbacks were easy to counterfeit during the Civil War.

VocabularyVocabularyInflation

◦The general rise in prices

◦During the Civil War inflation rose dramatically in the United States.

NotesNotesQuestion #3

◦What social, political, and economic changes resulted from the War?

NotesNotesEmancipating the SlavesAfter the Battle of Antietam,

Lincoln released the Emancipation Proclamation

It freed slaves only in areas fighting the union. (Not in Border States)

Many freed slaves began to join the Union Army

NotesNotesSocial ChangesPg 525-527Pg 531-532

Economic ChangesPg 531

Political ChangesPg 528-529Pg 530

Civil WarCivil WarSection 4

VocabularyVocabularySiege

◦the act or process of surrounding and attacking a fortified place in such a way as to isolate it from help and supplies.

◦Sherman took siege of Atlanta Georgia.

NotesNotesQuestion #4

◦How did the events at Gettysburg and Vicksburg change the course of the war?

NotesNotesVicksburg

◦Location: Vicksburg, Mississippi◦Casualty: N 10,000◦ S 9,000◦Leaders: N Grant◦ S Johnston◦Outcome: North Won◦Importance: Union gained control of

the Mississippi◦Turning point in the west

AgendaAgendaNotes (1 slide)Videos (3)Worksheet: Gettysburg AddressQuiz Friday: Importance of

Gettysburg and Vicksburg, Social, Political, and Economic Changes

Homework: Packet due Tuesday

NotesNotesGettysburgLocation: Gettysburg, PACasualty: N 23,050 S 28,000Leaders: N Meade S LeeOutcome: North WonImportance: Turning point in the EastLee would never go farther North

VideosVideoshttp://www.history.com/topics/

battle-of-gettysburg/videos#gettysburg-battle-strategy

http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-gettysburg/videos#chamberlain-defends-little-round-top

http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-gettysburg/videos#last-charge-at-gettysburg

Civil WarCivil WarSection 5

VocabularyVocabularyTotal War

◦The organized destruction of an entire land- not just its army

◦Sherman used total war to force the South to surrender.

NotesNotesQuestion #5

◦What events led to the end of the war?

NotesNotesSherman’s March to the Sea

◦Started in Georgia then went to the coast and north through the Carolinas ending in Richmond, VA

◦Burned down cities, towns, and farms including Atlanta, GA. Stole food and supplies, Killed lives stock, tore up rail roads.

◦Forced Southern soldiers to return home to help their families with the devastation

NotesNotesFall of Richmond

◦April 2, 1865 Conf lines broke and Lee with drew from Petersburg

◦When word of Lee’s retreat reached Richmond, Davis and his cabinet gathered documents and gave orders to burn bridges and weapons that would be useful to the Union

◦Confederates set fire to the city and left

NotesNotesAppomattox Court House

◦Formal end of the war came on April 9,1865

◦Lee and Grant met at Appomattox Court House, VA

◦Terms of Surrender: Lee’ s soldiers could keep small fire arms Officers could keep their horses No one would disrupt troops on their way

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