Civil engineering R&D on pressure containment vessels

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Civil engineering R&D on pressure containment vessels

Shahrokh GHAVAMIANSylvie MICHEL-PONNELLE

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Nuclear power stations of EDF

1

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19 Sites – 58 Reactors

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EDF pressure containment designs

900 MWe family : single wall + steel liner

CP0 CP0 CP1-CP2

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EDF pressure containment designs

1300 MWe family : double wall (w/n liner)

P4 P’4 N4

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Special featuresabout EDF’s needs in simulation techniques

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1. Special features about EDF’s needs in simulation tec hniques

Domains:

• Structural design

• Structural assessment• Consequences of exceptional loadings

• Forensic engineering

Special features:

• Some analysis more or less similar to common engineering tasks

• Most analyses specific to nuclear plants

• Leak tightness

• Initial state

• Complex loading (TM, THM)

• Three dimensional configurations (local effects)

• Ageing effect

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Cracking under instantaneous loading

Early age cracking

Autogenous creep

Drying creep

Transient creep

Initial stress

Thermal state

Hymidity state

Fluid transport

Leakage tightnessLong term behaviour

Drying shrinkage

Modelling methodology

Long terme cracking

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Leakage tightness

Leakage through concrete

Concrete

Internal vessel pressure External depression

Sound concrete

Micro damaged concrete

Macro damaged (crack) concrete

.10 Drying

Permeability

Cracking

Pressure

Leakage tightness

Flux

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Concrete cracking and diffusion

Leakage tightness

• Concrete cracking

• Thermal analysis

• Concrete drying• Moisture pressure

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Crack initiation …..

Leakage tightness

Damage index mapping

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Crack initiation …..

Leakage tightness

Damage index mapping

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R&D in support of engineering division

3

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Constitutive modeldevelopment

Identification procedure

Uncertainties

Prospective studies

Large industrial studies

Material parameterdatabase

• Guidelines• Training

Code-Code validation

Experimental validation

• Maintenance• Improvement

Identification

Implementation Code_Aster®

Activities

NDT

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Step by step qualification

Vessel

-----

ScaleScale

ComplexityComplexity

VSR (simulation)

PACE 900/1300/1450

PAGE 1300 / 1450(simulation)

SAS, Gousset

SANDIA 2 / MAEVA

Containment model(experiment)

VSR (experiment)

Karlsruhe, PACE 1450 Exp

Specimens

TEGG / LCPC / MECA / ECN(simulation and experiment)

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Shrinkage w/o drying

Shrinkage with drying

Creep w/o drying

Creep with drying

Long term behaviour

Biaxial loading experiments

Uniaxial loading experiments

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Long term behaviour

Prediction and identification

Monitoring

Prediction

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Constitutive model to describe concrete cracking


• Rebar yielding

Efficiency of models (reliability and robustness)

benchmarking

13 teams (international)

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Consequences of corrosion on structures


• Rebar corrosion

• Rebar yielding

Maximum bearing capacity

benchmarking

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Flèche à mi-travée (mm)

For

ce (

kN)

Exp LMT LMDC

LML OXAND IETcc

GeM CEA LCPC

Expérience LMT LMDC

LML OXAND IETcc

GeM CEA LCPC

Exp LMT LMDC

LML OXAND IETcc

GeM CEA LCPC


LML OXAND IETcc

GeM CEA LCPC

Exp LMT LMDC

LML OXAND IETcc

GeM CEA LCPC


LML OXAND IETcc

GeM CEA LCPC

Exp LMT LMDC

LML OXAND IETcc

GeM CEA LCPC


LML OXAND IETcc

GeM CEA LCPC

Force

Deflection

7 teams (French)

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Concrete cylinder pipe with steel liner


• Reinforcement yielding

• Steel liner corrosion

Consequences of corrosion on bearing capacity

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

Flexion (mm)

Force (tonnes)

Tuyau 5 - Partiellement corrodée

Tuyau 5 - exp. - Partiellement corrodée

Tuyau 5 - Corrosion variable

Deflected mesh + damage mapping

Force / deflection plot (experiment vs. calculation )

Testing setup

Partially corroded (Code_Aster)

Partially corroded (experiment)

Modified corrosion (Code_Aster)

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Characteristics

Loading and boundary conditions

Steel rebars and prestressing

Geometry of observation zone

Cracking of a 1300 MWe PCCV (without liner)PACE 1450 EXP

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Cracking of a 1300 MWe PCCV (without liner)PACE 1450 EXP

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Behaviour of a PCCV model under internal overpressure (MAEVA)

• Prestressing


• Thermal analysis• Diffusion

Leakage through reinforced prestressed concrete wall

benchmarking

18,40 m

5 m

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Response of an RC slab under seismic loading

GIBI FECIT GIBI FECIT GIBI FECIT

Level of cracking during an earthquake


• Seismic analysis

(CEA)

Damage mapping

benchmarking

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Degradation of cooling towers

Damage index mappingStrain mapping

• Prestressing

• Cracking

• Initial state

Crack evolution and collapse

(micro damage)

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Behaviour of a PCCV model under internal overpressure (SANDIA II)

• Prestressing


• Yielding (tendons, rebars, liner)

Loss of leakage tightness and collapse

benchmarking

Sandia Labs. USANUPEC JapanNRC USAOECD

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Behaviour of a PCCV model under internal overpressure (SANDIA II) benchmarking

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Behaviour of a PCCV model under internal overpressure (SANDIA II)

SOL #2 - Radial Displacement @ Az. 135, El. 0.25

-5,00

0,00

5,00

10,00

0,00

0,39

0,79

1,18

1,57

Pressure (MPa)

Displac

emen

t (m

m)

LST-Data-of-Record

LST-Dynamic

SFMT

NNC ABAQUS V6.4

NNC ANAMAT

EGP

GRS

IRSN-CEA

KAERI-AXISYM

KAERI 3D

KOPEC

NRC-SNL-DEA

SCANSCOT

EDF

ANSYS


-10,00

0,00

10,00

20,00

30,00

40,00

50,00

60,00

70,00

80,00

90,00

100,00

0,00

0,39

0,79

1,18

1,57

Pressure (MPa)

Displac

emen

t (m

m)

LST-Data-of-Record

LST-Dynamic

SFMT

NNC ABAQUS V6.4

NNC ANAMAT

EGP

GRS

IRSN-CEA

KAERI-AXISYM

KAERI 3D

KOPEC

NRC-SNL-DEA

SCANSCOT

EDF

ANSYS


-10,00

0,00

10,00

20,00

30,00

40,00

50,00

0,00

0,39

0,79

1,18

1,57

Pressure (MPa)

Displac

emen

t (m

m)

LST-Data-of-Record

LST-Dynamic

NNC ABAQUS V6.4

NNC ANAMAT

EGP

IRSN-CEA

KAERI-AXISYM

KAERI 3D

KOPEC

NRC-SNL-DEA

SCANSCOT

EDF

ANSYS

SOL #15 - Radial Displacement @ Az. 62, El. 4.525 (A/L)

-10,00

0,00

10,00

20,00

30,00

40,00

50,00

0,00

0,39

0,79

1,18

1,57

Pressure (MPa)

Displace

ment

(mm)

LST-Data-of-Record

LST-Dynamic

SFMT

NNC ABAQUS V6.4

NNC ANAMAT

EGP

IRSN-CEA

KAERI 3D

KOPEC

NRC-SNL-DEA

SCANSCOT

EDF

ANSYS

benchmarking


-10,00

0,00

10,00

20,00

30,00

40,00

50,00

60,00

70,00

80,00

90,00

100,00

0,00

0,39

0,79

1,18

1,57

Pressure (MPa)

Displace

ment

(mm)

LST-Data-of-Record

LST-Dynamic

SFMT

NNC ABAQUS V6.4

NNC ANAMAT

EGP

GRS

IRSN-CEA

KAERI-AXISYM

KAERI 3D

KOPEC

NRC-SNL-DEA

SCANSCOT

EDF

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Conclusion

Features of Code_Aster ® in civil engineering :

Physical models� Concrete cracking Damage mechanics, plasticity, 1D, 2D, 3D, local and global formulation)

� Drying and Autogenous creep Isotropic and anisotrpic models

� Drying and Autogenous shrinkage� Concrete hydration Heat generation and hardening

� Steel rebar Truss and grid representation

� Steel rebar corrosion� Steel rebar yielding

� Tendon prestressing Truss elements (non conincident nodes), with and w/o bonding

� Soil mechanics Soil-structure insteraction, nonlinear behaviour

Numerical aspectsFinite elementGenerally 3D modellingImplicit algorithm

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Conclusion (2/3)

« Reliable » and « Robust » tools

+

Know how in analysis and expertise

Need for a balanced effort on « Material – Numerical – Expertise »

Robust

Reliable

• Numerical algorithms• Cost (man power & computation)

• Representative of physical phenomena• Domain of validity

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Steel concrete interaction

Béton

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Prestressing technology

Civil engineering R&D on pressure containment vessels

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