CITIZENS’ PERCEPTIONS OF · IN GENERAL, DO YOU BELIEVE SERBIA IS MOVING IN THE RIGHT OR THE WRONG...

CITIZENS’ PERCEPTIONS OF

ANTI-CORRUPTION EFFORTS IN SERBIA

USAID Government Accountability Initiative (GAI)

CeSID doo

December 11, 2018

USAID Government Accountability Initiative – Citizens’ Perceptions of Anti-Corruption Efforts in Serbia1

USAID Government Accountability Initiative – Citizens’ Perceptions of Anti-Corruption Efforts in Serbia 2

METHODOLOGY

FIELDWORK From 27 October to 10 November 2018

SAMPLE TYPE AND SIZERandom representative sample of 1,193 adult citizens of

Serbia

SAMPLE FRAME

Polling station catchment areas as the most reliable

registry units

SELECTION OF HOUSEHOLDS

Random sampling without replacement: each second

street address from starting point for each polling station

catchment area

SELECTION OF RESPONDENTS

BY HOUSEHOLDBy date of first birthday in relation to survey date

SURVEY METHOD Face-to-face at home

SURVEY INSTRUMENT 103-item questionnaire

The survey was conducted by CeSID doo, for the USAID funded Government Accountability Initiative

USAID Government Accountability Initiative – Citizens’ Perceptions of Anti-Corruption Efforts in Serbia 3

DESCRIPTION OF THE SAMPLE (in %)

87

4

3

2

4

27

23

50

12

9

48

28

3

19

18

14

18

19

12

47

53

Serbian

Hungarian

Bosniak

Roma

Others

Vojvodina

Belgrade

Central Serbia

Primary school or lower

Vocational school

Four-year secondary school

College/university

School/university student

18-29

30-39

40-49

50-59

60-69

70 and above

Male

Female

Eth

nic

ity

Regi

on

Educa

tion

Age

Gender

THE AVERAGE AGE OF

THE RESPONDENT IS 48

4

IN GENERAL, DO YOU BELIEVE SERBIA IS MOVING

IN THE RIGHT OR THE WRONG DIRECTION? (in %)

19

34

47

DNK/Cannot tell Right direction Wrong direction

USAID Government Accountability Initiative – Citizens’ Perceptions of Anti-Corruption Efforts in Serbia

5

PERCEPTION OF IMPACT OF CORRUPTION ON

CITIZENS PERSONAL AND FAMILY LIFE (in %) AND

CIRCUMSTANCES IN WHICH THEY CURRENTLY LIVE

5

5

3

3

6

5

13

33

35

52

10

18

25

23

20

18

24

24

25

18

62

40

15

14

4

Intolerable

Barely tolerable

Tolerable

Mediocre

Good

DNK/Cannot tell No impact Slight impact Moderate impact Major impact


%

%

%

%

%

6

HOW WIDESPREAD IS CORRUPTION IN SERBIA? (in %)

8

4 4

27

39

18

DNK/Cannot tell Very little Little Moderately Greatly Extremely


7

INSTITUTION THAT IS MOST COMMITTED TO

ADDRESSING CORRUPTION? (in %)

11

19

1

1

2

2

2

3

4

4

9

9

10

23

DNK/Cannot tell

None

State Audit Institution

Parliament

Courts

Local Self-Government

Public Prosecutors' Office

Ombudsman

Commissioner for Information of Public Importance and PersonalData Protection

Anti-Corruption Council

Anti-Corruption Agency

Government

Police

President


8

RECOGNIZABILITY AND PERFORMANCE SCORES

OF ANTI-CORRUPTION INSTITUTIONS (in %)

Performance score on a scale 1= poor to 5=excellent

78% 74% 74% 73% 71%

54%49% 46%

Police Courts Government Local Self-Government

PublicProsecutor's

Office

Anti-CorruptionAgency

Anti-CorruptionCouncil

State AuditInstitution

2,16 1,93 2,37 2,01 1,96 2,37 2,31 2,21


9

HOW EFFECTIVE IS THE GOVERNMENT OF SERBIA

IN ADDRESSING CORRUPTION? (in %)

8

20

32

35

4

DNK/Cannot tell

Not effective at all

Mostly ineffective

Somewhat effective

Highly effective


10

WHAT SHOULD THE GOVERNMENT DO FIRST TO

TACKLE CORRUPTION EFFECTIVELY? (in %)

3

3

4

5

5

6

6

7

9

12

17

23

To allocate additional resources to investigative

bodies for investigating corruption

To enable more effective conflict of interests

resolution

To conduct continous awareness raising and

education on the consequences of corruption

To ensure the public prosecutors prosecute

corruption offenses more effectively

To enforce stringent control of public tenders and

public procurement

DNK/Cannot tell

To improve the legal framework on financing political

activities

To eleviate bureaucreacy and simplify procedures

To ensure judges to adjudicate corruption cases

more effectively

To ensure legal protections of whistle-blowers to

report corruption safely

To enable and protect whistle-blowers that report

corruption cases

To be more determined in investigating corruption

cases


11

HAVE YOU HEARD OF LOCAL ANTI-CORRUPTION

PLANS? (in %)

76

19

5

Hasn’t heard of/Does not know of LAP

Has heard of, doesn’t know what it is

Has heard of, knows what it is.


12

TO WHICH EXTENT IS YOUR LOCAL

GOVERNMENT…? (in %)

17 16

22

15

1921

31

2123

2828 2826

31

28

25

19

24 24

19

7

4 5 64

2 2 2 1 2

Transparent/open tothe public (published

and provides allimportant informationon its work regularly)

Invites and allowscitizens to participatein the decision making

process

Responsibly andrationally manages

the local budget andother public goods

Provides services thatmeet the needs and

interests of its citizens

Committed to theprevention and fightagainst corruption

Doesn't know Poor Moderate Fair Good Excellent


13

THE MOST CORRUPT INSTITUTION IN SERBIA

(in %)23

13

9

8

6

6

5

3

3

2

2

2

1

1

1

15

Healthcare

Courts

Police

Customs

Local self-government mayors/representatives

Ministers

President

Parliament

Public Prosecutor’s Office

Education

Public enforcers

Tax Administration

Public enterprises

Notaries

Cadaster

Does not know, cannot tell


14

WHICH ONE OF THESE CORRUPT PRACTICES IS

THE MOST WIDESPREAD IN SERBIA? (in %)

11

2

3

4

4

6

6

9

10

22

23

Does not know, cannot tell

Doing favours for public employees in exchange for functionsthey are otherwise obligated to perform

Simultaneously performing multiple public offices incontravention of law

Using state/public resources to benefit a political party

Using state/public resources to benefit a private company

Using state/public resources for private purposes (any form ofprivate benefit)

Simultaneously performing public office and owning a privatebusiness in contravention of law

Giving money to public employees in exchange for functions theyare otherwise obligated to perform

Giving gifts to public employees in exchange for functions theyare otherwise obligated to perform

Using connections and friendships with public employees tofacilitate and expedite matters

Using public office to employ relatives or friends


15

PERCEIVED EXTENT OF CORRUPTION, NATIONAL

LEVEL AND RESPONDENTS’ IMMEDIATE SOCIAL

SURROUNDINGS (in %)74

6659 57 57 57 57 57 56 53

58 55

3946

40 39 36 37 36 38

Using publicoffice toemploy

relatives orfriends

Usingconnections

and friendshipswith public

employees tofacilitate and

expeditematters

Usingstate/publicresources to

benefit apolitical party

Giving gifts topublic

employees inexchange for

functions theyare otherwiseobligated to

perform

Giving moneyto public



perform

Usingstate/public

resources forprivate

purposes (anyform of private

benefit)

Usingstate/publicresources to

benefit aprivate

company

Simultaneouslyperformingpublic office

and owning aprivate

business incontravention

of law

Simultaneouslyperforming

multiple publicoffices in

contraventionof law

Doing favoursfor public



perform

National level Respondents’ immediate social surroundingsUSAID Government Accountability Initiative – Citizens’ Perceptions of Anti-Corruption Efforts in Serbia

16

COULD YOU PLEASE RATE THE IMPORTANCE OF THE

FOLLOWING POLICIES THAT COULD REDUCE

CORRUPTION IN SERBIA? (in %)

5

5

4

6

5

3

2

17

8

7

6

4

4

4

17

17

18

17

14

8

9

61

70

71

71

77

83

85

Educating public and civil servants about the harm of

corruption

Strengthening media freedom and transparency

Increasing transparency of public institutions

Improving level of exercising the right to free access to

information of public importance

Strenghtening IOI’s oversight and control

Higher penalties, including prison sentences, for those

who take and give bribes

Strengthening Whistle-blower Protection

Important Moderatelly important Not important Cannot tellUSAID Government Accountability Initiative – Citizens’ Perceptions of Anti-Corruption Efforts in Serbia

17

IF YOU WOULD NOT BE READY TO REPORT A CIVIL

SERVANT/EMPLOYEE ASKING FOR A BRIBE, COULD

YOU PLEASE GIVE TWO REASONS FOR THIS? (in %)

2

7

7

13

18

22

31

I do not know which institution is responsible

for such cases

I would not interfere unless corruption affected

me personally

I am unfamiliar with procedures for reporting

Our society does not appreciate those who

report corruption

I would be afraid of the consequences

It is difficult to prove someone asked for a

bribe

Nothing would change even if I did so


18

IN YOUR OPINION, WHAT ARE THE KEY FACTORS

THAT ADVERSELY AFFECT EFFORTS TO ADDRESS

CORRUPTION? (in %, multiple choice question)


6

9

26

28

30

37

38

40

41

Does not know

Lack of locations where corruption can be reported

Citizens are ignorant or insufficiently aware of theirrights

Flawed legislation or penalties for corruption (lenientpenal policy, etc.)

Lack of political will to control corruption

Widespread corruption in law enforcement bodies

Custom of solving problems by pulling strings incontravention of law

Citizens are passive and afraid to report corruption

Inappropriate oversight of government services

19USAID Government Accountability Initiative – Citizens’ Perceptions of Anti-Corruption Efforts in Serbia

CITIZENS’ PERCEPTIONS OF · IN GENERAL, DO YOU BELIEVE SERBIA IS MOVING IN THE RIGHT OR THE WRONG...

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