CIRCULATORY SYSTEM p.2

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

1. MAJOR CONCEPTS 2. THE HEART CIRCULATION THROUGH THE HEART 3. OVERVIEW OF CIRCULATION 4. SYSTEMIC-PULMONIC

CIRCULATION 5. BLOOD

Circulatory system contd.

BLOOD TYPES

THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM contd.

MAJOR CONCEPTS 1. In human beings, the blood, kept

in motion by the pumping of the heart circulates through the vessels.

2. The heart is actually a double pump: the right side pumps blood to the lungs and the left to the rest of the body

CIRCULATION contd.

3.Body cells are nourished by the blood when exchange of molecules takes place across the thin walls of the capillaries.

4. While the circulatory system is very efficient, it is still subject to various degenerative illnesses, most of which can be prevented or alleviated by proper health habits

CIRCULATION contd.

5. Blood, which is composed of cells and a fluid matrix called plasma contains many organic and inorganic molecules.

6. Blood has three primary functions: (a) transport (b) clotting © fighting infection

7. Blood transports nutrients to and waste from the tissues.

CIRCULATION contd.

8. The process of clotting requires a complicated series of reactions aided by the thrombocytes and normally preventing the loss of blood after injury.

9. White cells, some of which phagocytize invading microbes

CIRCULATION contd.

And gamma globulins which combine with foreign proteins (antigens) , in a specific manner, are the body’s defense against infection and disease.

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM & VESSELS (NEXT SLIDE)

CIRCULATION contd.

SYSTEM AND VESSELS A. Circulatory System 1. Cardiovascular system (a) heart & blood vessels 2. Lymphatic system B. VESSELS 1. Veins (smallest-venules) blood to heart

CIRCULATION contd.

Arteries (smallest-arterioles) Capillaries (1 cell layer in

thickness) VEINS & ARTERIES-3 tunics (innermost - endothelium) Arteries are “muscular” & elastic

CIRCULATION contd.

THE HEART A double pump with 4 chambers and

4 valves. The right & left sides of the heart are divided by the intraventricular septum. The valves prevent the blood from flowing backwards. Their opening and closing make the “lup a dup” sound during heart beat.

CIRCULATION contd.

THE HEART (CONTD.) 1. Terms associated with the valves. 2. Primarily muscle (STRIATED

MUSCLE) Myocardium 3Three Layered (pericardium;

myocardium; endocardium Furnished with oxygen & nutrients by

coronary artery

CIRCULATION contd.

IV CIRCULATION THROUGH THE HEART (model & p.250)

V HEART BEAT (Cardiac Cycle) VI FUNCTION OF VALVES VII BLOOD PRESSURE VIII OVERVIEW OF COMPLETE

PROCESS IX SYSTEMIC-PULMONIC CIR.

CIRCULATION contd.

X THE BLOOD 1. Composition 2. Functions 3. Origin XI THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM IX BLOOD TYPES (Handout)