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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM HONORS BIOLOGY 1

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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Moves blood between various parts of the body Delivers nutrients Removes wastes Heart Veins Arteries 2

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CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM The muscular heart keeps blood circulating through the blood vessels. The heart has 4 chambers: The atria are the chambers of the heart that receive blood. The ventricles pump blood into arteries. 3

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THREE KINDS OF BLOOD VESSELS arteries carry the blood away from the heart capillaries are where the exchange with tissue fluid takes place veins return the blood to the heart. 4

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5 HEART VALVE LOCATIONS

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6 ROUTE OF BLOOD THROUGH THE HEART

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Rhythmic contraction of the heart The sinoatrial (SA) node is the pacemaker found in the upper right atrium 1. The SA node sends an impulse every 0.85 seconds to cause the atria to contract. 2. The atrioventricular (AV) node is stimulated by impulses from the SA node, it sends out impulses that cause the ventricles to contract. 7 YOUR HEART BEAT

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As the blood moves, it pushes against the sides of the blood vessels. The strength of this pushing is your blood pressure. If your blood pressure is too high, it puts extra strain on your arteries (and your heart) and this may lead to heart attacks and strokes. 8 BLOOD PRESSURE

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BLOOD Consists of Plasma and Formed Elements Plasma contains water and many types of molecules, including nutrients, wastes, salts, and proteins. Formed Elements are red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets. 9

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RED BLOOD CELLS Red blood cells (erythrocytes) Biconcave disks Lack a nucleus Contain hemoglobin Their shape allows more surface area for carrying oxygen! 10

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BLOOD CARRIES OXYGEN Hemoglobin contains four protein chains, each with an iron-containing heme group that loosely binds with an O 2 molecule Red blood cells last 120 days Iron in hemoglobin is recovered and returned to the bone marrow where it is reused. 11

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PLATELETS Disk shaped clear cell fragments Play a role in maintaining homeostasis Best known for blood clotting Too few- excessive bleeding Too many- clots, strokes 12

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WHITE BLOOD CELLS Leukocytes Have a nucleus Lack hemoglobin Fight infections, initiate inflammation Pus is a thick, yellowish fluid that contains a large proportion of dead WBCs that have fought infection. 13

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