Circuit Breaker Selection - ABB Ltd B B I r e l a n d 2 0 0 7 Circuit Breaker Selection – Impact...

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Circuit Breaker Selection – Impact on disconnecting Times &

Short Circuit Fault Rating

Presenter:Sergio CARRARA

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7Agenda

1.

2.

3.

4.

SELECTIVITY

ZONE SELECTIVITY

PR223EF

MAIN INSTALLATIONS

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7Agenda

∗∗∗∗

2.

3.

4.

SELECTIVITY

ZONE SELECTIVITY

PR223EF

MAIN INSTALLATIONS

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7Selectivity� What selectivity means :

Only the downstream CB opens,

SELECTIVITY

When an OVERLOAD or a SHORT-CIRCUIT occurs.

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7Selectivity� What Selectivity means :

the other loads can be suppliedOnly the downstream CB opens,SELECTIVITY

When an OVERLOAD or a SHORT-CIRCUIT occur.

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NO SELECTIVITYAlso the main CB opens,

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ALL THE LOADS GO OUT OF SERVICE

NO SELECTIVITYAlso the main CB opens,

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7SelectivityLack of coordination- The main problems� Difficult to understand what is happened and where

� Difficult to detect the zone affected by the problem� Difficult to solve the problem

� No service’s continuity� Production stopped/ damaged� Machines can be damaged� It can be dangerous for people

Lack of coordination �� Small problem can become BIG PROBLEM

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7Selectivity techniques

Traditional solutions

� Current selectivity

� Time selectivity

� Energy selectivity

Advanced solutions

� Zone selectivity ZSI

� Zone selectivity EFDP

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7Selectivity techniquesCurrent selectivity� Breaker combinations without

energy selectivity values in the coordination tables

� Breaker without high Icw

0.1kA 1kA 10kA

1E -2s

0.1s

1s

10s

100s

1E3s

1E4sCurrent selectivity

A

B

Is

AI>

Cable

BI>

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Time selectivity

� Breakers with high Icw

� Breakers with electronic trip unit

0.1kA 1kA 10kA 100kA

1E -2s

1s

1E4s

Time Selectivity

1E3s

100s

10s

0.1s

A

B

AI>

BI>

Is

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Energy based selectivity

� Breakers with limiting characteristics

� Breaker combinations with energy selectivity values in the coordination tables (415V)

0.1kA 1kA 10kA

1E -2s

0.1s

1s

10s

100s

1E3s

1E4sEnergy selectivity

A

B

Is

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Current and Energy selectivity

Time selectivity

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� Problems and Limits of traditional selectivity techniques� Current selectivity

LOW Selectivity Value near 10 times In ( from 1 to 8 kA)

Need to have high Impedance between the two breakers

� Time selectivity

Needed high value of Icw

High time to extinguish the fault

Difficult to coordinate LV with MV protections

Difficult to protect Low voltage Generators

� Energy selectivity

Increase the size of the upstream breaker

Only by coordination tables

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Current and Energy selectivity EFDP Zone Selectivity

Zone Selectivity Time selectivity

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7Agenda

1.

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3.

4.

SELECTIVITY

ZONE SELECTIVITY

PR223EF

MAIN INSTALLATIONS

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7

A

B

C

Zone Selectivity

How works Zone selectivity

C sees the current but doesn’t receive the Signal => OPEN

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7

A

B

C

Zone Selectivity� How works Zone selectivity

B see the current but doesn’t receive the Signal => OPEN

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A

B

C

Zone Selectivity� How works Zone selectivity

A see the current but doesn’t receive the Signal => OPEN

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Zone Selectivity EFDP

Zone Selectivity ZSI

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7Zone selectivity ZSI

Type of devices

� Breakers with high Icw values

� Breakers with high performance trip units

AI>

BI>


1E -2s

1s

1E4s

Time Selectivity

1E3s

100s

10s

0.1s

A

B

Is

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Is


1E -2s

1s

1E4s

Zone selectivity ZSI

1E3s

100s

10s

0.1s

A

B

Zone selectivity ZSI

Type of devices

� Breakers with high Icw values

� Breakers with high performance trip units

AI>

BI>

Interlock S and G function (or for D function)

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7Zone selectivity ZSI

� Allows good coordination with MV protections

� reducing the stress on components

� reducing the voltage dips duration

� Allows to protect Generators

Main advantages

MORE

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Zone Selectivity EFDP

Zone Selectivity ZSI

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7Zone selectivity EFDP

Type of devices

� Breakers with limiting characteristics

Interlock S, G and EF function

EF function protects the plant and the CB itself for high currents

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Type of devices

� Breakers without Energy selectivity value

Current selectivity


1E-2s

0.1s

1s

10s

100s

IsIs = Magnetic

threshold

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Type of devices

� Breakers with Energy selectivity value

Energy selectivity


1E-2s

0.1s

1s

10s

100s

IsIs = According

Tables

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1E-2s

0.1s

1s

10s

100sEFDP

Is

Type of devices

� Tmax Breakers with PR223EF

Is = Breakingcapacity

Reducingtripping time

Increasingselectivity value

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� Reducing size of upstream breakers preserving selectivity at 415V

Main advantages

� Total selectivity for voltage level up to 1000V

� Total selectivity between breakers with same size

MORE

MORE

� Breakers choice only according rated current and breaking capacity

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7TOTAL SELECTIVITY

T5S 630 T4S 320 T2S 160

T5N 630

T7S 630

Ik=50kA

Ik=35kA

T4N 320 T2N 160

ABB Traditional Solution

E1N 800 PR122/P In800Icw= 50kAIcu=50kA

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7TOTAL SELECTIVITY ON OM VIHAR LINE 3B

T5L 630 T4L 320

E1N 800 PR122/P In800Icw= 50kAIcu=50kA

T2S 160

T5L 630

T5L 630

Ik=50kA

Ik=35kA

T4L 320 T2N 160

ABB NEW EFDP SOLUTION

T6 L 800 PR223EFIcu=50kA

PR223EFPR223EF PR223EFPR223EF

PR223EF

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7Agenda

1.

∗∗∗∗

2.

4.

SELECTIVITY

ZONE SELECTIVITY

PR223EF

MAIN INSTALLATIONS

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7PR223EF

An advanced solution for demanding requirements

Main features:� LSIG protections� EF protection (24 V Vaux needed)� Interlocking signal -Up to1km - monitored� Dialogue functions via Modbus protocol� Voltage metering (by means of VM210)� Parameters setting via PR010/T unit or

supervision system

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7PR223EF

A simple front panel� no setting dip-switches� one pushbutton to select remote or local setting� alarm and state signalling via 8 leds� test connectors for PR010/T and TT1 units

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7PR223EF

Trip thresholds Trip curvesI1 = 0,18 ... 1 x In (step 0,01 x In) T1 = 0,5 … 36 s (step 0,5 s)

(I²t=constant) I2 = 0,60 ... 10 x In (step 0,1 x In) T2 = 0,05 … 0,5 s (step 0,01 s)

(t=constant) I2 = 0,60 ... 10 x In (step 0,1 x In) T2 = 0,05 … 0,5 s (step 0,01 s)

I3 = 1,5 ... 12 x In (step 0,1 x In) instantaneous

I4 = 0,20 ... 1 x In (step 0,01 x In) T4 = 0,05 … 0,5 s (step 0,01 s)

Protection functions

FRAME SIZE [A]

POWER SUPPLY

EF

INTERLOCK S

G

VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT

With Vaux

With Vaux

With Vaux

By means of VM210 device

MAIN FEATURES250, 320, 400, 630, 800

24 Vcc (Vaux) - 0,1 x In (Self-supply)

PR223EF: the new electronic release for MCCBs

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MaintenanceTotal number of operations

Total number of trips

Number of manual operations

Number of distinct trips for each protection function

Recording of last trip data

Operating mechanismsCircuit-breaker opening/closing (with motor operator)

Alarm reset

Circuit-breaker reset (with motor operator)

Setting protection device curves and thresholds

Programming contact opening/closing

PR223EF

PR223EF: an advanced release with dialogue functions

ProtocolModbus RTU standard

EIA RS485

19200 bps

Data availableState of circuit-breaker: open-closed-tripped

Mode: local, remote

Protection parameters set

Measurement functions

AlarmsAlarms for protection: EF, L, S, I, G

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7Zone Selectivity

NEW PR223EF available on Tmax:

� T4L 250/320

� T5L 400/630

� T6L 630/800

� T7L 800/1600 (PR332)

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7PR223EF

Zone Selectivity between PR223EF and Emax

--

Without additional components.

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7PR223EF

Accessories – VM210 Voltage device

Allows voltage measurement functions up to 1000V

Measurement functionsPhase currents, neutral, earth [A]

Phase voltage (Y and Delta system) [V]

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7Agenda

1.

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2.

3.

SELECTIVITY

ZONE SELECTIVITY

PR223EF

MAIN INSTALLATIONS

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7MAIN INSTALLATIONS� BIRKA PARADISE LINE

Delivered on 8 November 2004

Selectivity “Retrofit” January 2006 Main ParticularsLength 177.00 m

width 28.00 m

Tonnage GT 33,000

Passengers 1,800

Passenger cabins 738

Crew cabins 200

Machinery 23,400 kW

Speed 21 kn

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7

MAIN INSTALLATIONS (for internal use only)

� FREEDOM OF THE SEAS

The world´s largest and most innovative cruise ship

delivered on 24 April 2006

Main ParticularsLength 339 mWidth 38.6 mTonnage GT 158,000Passengers 3600Speed ca. 22 knotsMachinery 75,600 kW

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7MAIN INSTALLATIONS� TALLINK III

Delivered on 18 April 2006Main ParticularsLength 212 m

width 29.00 m

Tonnage GT 48,300

Passengers 2,800

Crew cabins 200

Machinery 26,240 kW

Speed 24.5 kn

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7MAIN INSTALLATIONS� New Treviso District Palace

On development

LV Distribution:

1000 Volt

Open ring network

Breakers with same sizeon the ring

U

500 m

LINE A I>

-QF18 I>

-QF19 I>

-QF20 I>

-QF21 I>

-QF23

-QF6 I>

-WC9

-QF12 I>

-QF13 I>

-QF14 I>

-WC4

-QF8 I>

-QF10 I>

-QF11 I>

I> I>

LINE B

150kW

500 m

260kW

250kW

235 m

500 m

-QF5

500 m

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7NEW APPLICATIONS� OPEN RING NETWORK - SW 210

I>

I>

I>

UpDown

UpDown Up

Down

Supply

I>

I>

I>Up

Down I>Up

DownI>

UpDown I>

A B C D FE

UpDown

I>Up

Down

E

Supply

I>Switchboard Switchboard Switchboard

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7NEW OTHER APPLICATIONS

� Banks

� Data centers

� Airports

� Oil & gas

� Platforms on the sea

� Hospitals

� Heavy industries

� Mines…

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1E-2s

0.1s

1s

10s

100s

1E3s

1E4s

0.1kA 1kA 10kA

Curva Tempo-Corrente

1E-2s

0.1s

1s

10s

100s

1E3s

1E4s

0.1kA 1kA 10kA


E3 2500

Zone selectivity ZS� Generator protection

Vn = 400 V �

E3N 2500 PR122/P-LSI

Ik = 16.7 kA

T4N 250 PR223EF

E1B 800 PR122/P

E1B 800 PR122/P

E1B 800 PR122/P

WC

��

� ��

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1E-2s

0.1s

1s

10s

100s

1E3s

1E4s

0.1kA 1kA 10kA


E1 800

T4 250 PR223 In 250

E3 2500

Zone selectivity ZS

Vn = 400 V �


Ik = 16.7 kA

T4N 250 PR223EF

E1B 800 PR122/P

E1B 800 PR122/P

E1B 800 PR122/P

WC

��

� ��

� Generator protection

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1E-2s

0.1s

1s

10s

100s

1E3s

1E4s

0.1kA 1kA 10kA


E1 800

T4 250 PR223 In 250

E3 2500

1E-2s

0.1s

1s

10s

100s

1E3s

1E4s

0.1kA 1kA 10kA


E1 800

T4 250 PR222 In 250

E3 2500��

Zone selectivity ZS

Vn = 400 V �


Ik = 16.7 kA

T4N 250 PR223EF

E1B 800 PR122/P

E1B 800 PR122/P

E1B 800 PR122/P

WC

��

� ��


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1E-2s

0.1s

1s

10s

100s

1E3s

1E4s

0.1kA 1kA 10kA


E1 800

T4 250 PR223 In 250

E3 2500

1E-2s

0.1s

1s

10s

100s

1E3s

1E4s

0.1kA 1kA 10kA


E1 800

T4 250 PR222 In 250

E3 2500��

Zone selectivity ZS

Vn = 400 V �


Ik = 16.7 kA

T4N 250 PR223EF

E1B 800 PR122/P

E1B 800 PR122/P

E1B 800 PR122/P

WC

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� ��


BACK Return

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� Size Reducing at 415V

Is = 10kA

T4 320

T1 160

T4 320

T1 160

Is = Total (36kA)

T5 400

T1 160

T1 160

T5 400

Is = Total (36kA)

T4L 320+

PR223EF

T4 320 +PR223EF

Trip Delay ON

T1 160

T1 160

BACK

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Is = 25kA

T4 320

T2 160

T4 320

T2 160

Is = Total (85kA)

T5 400

T2 160

T2 160

T5 400

Is = 75kA

T4L 320+

PR223EF

T4 320 +PR223EF

Trip Delay ON

T2 160

T2 160

BACK

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Is = 50kA

T5 630

T4 250

T5 400

T4 250

Is = Total (100kA)

T6 630

T4 250

T6 630

T4 250

Is = Total (120kA)

T5 400 +PR223EF

T4 250+PR223EF

T5 630+

PR223EF

T4 250 + PR223EF

BACK

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Is = 30kA

T6 800

T5 400

T6 800

T5 400

Is = Total (120kA)

T7 800

T7 800

T5 400

T5 400

Is = Total (100kA)

T6 800 +PR223EF

T5 400+PR223EF

T6 800+

PR223EF

T5 400 + PR223EF

BACKReturn

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