Cimate Change 101 Updated MAY 2010

7/23/2019 Cimate Change 101 Updated MAY 2010

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Understanding Climate

ChangeISMAEL T. MANALIGODChief, Legal Division

DENR Region 02


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Outline of the Presentation

1. Basic information on climate change

Reason for climate change

Green House Gases (GHG) Sources Impacts/Effects of Climate Change

hilippine !ulnera"ilities to climate

change#. $a%s for a greener lifest%le


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BYWORDS OF THE TIME:

1. CLIMATE CHANGE

2. GLOBAL WARMING

3. GREEN HOUSE GAS


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WHAT IS CLIMATE CHANGE ?

CLIMATE CHANGEIS THE CHANGE IN CLIMATEWHICH IS ATTRIBUTABLE DIRECTLY TO HUMAN ACTIVITY THAT

ALTERS THE COMPOSITION OF THE GLOBAL ATMOSPHERE

AND WHICH IS IN ADDITION TO NATURAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY

OBSERVED OVER COMPARABLE TIME PERIODS.

- ACCORDING TO THE INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON

CLIMATE CHANGE (IPCC) CLIMATE CHANGE REFERS TOANY CHANGE IN CLIMATE OVER TIME, WHETHER DUE TO

NATURAL VARIABILITY OR AS A RESULT OF HUMAN ACTIVITY.

CLIMATE CHANGE IS ATTRIBUTED BY SCIENTISTS

TO INCREASE IN GLOBAL TEMPERATURE,

COMMONLY KNOWN AS GLOBAL WARMING.

United Nations


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IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE

1. SE& 'E!E' RISE

#. SE!ERE R*GH+

,. HE&!- RECII+&+I

. SRE& 0 !EC+RBRE ISE&SES

2. 0'IG

3. CE& &CII0IC&+I

4. 0 SHR+&GE

5. $&+ER SC&RCI+-


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WHAT IS GLOBAL WARMING ?

GLOBAL WARMING, IN TURN, IS DUE TOTHE INCREASE IN GREEN HOUSE GASESIN THE ATMOSPHERE. AS A RESULT, WE

SEE AN ABNORMAL WARMING OF THETEMPERATURE OR OVERHEATING OF THE

EARTH.

THE RIGHT AMOUNT OF GREENHOUSE GASES IS

IMPORTANT TO AVOID THE COOLING OF THE EARTH. THEY

ACT LIKE A NATURAL BLANKET AROUND THE EARTH,

TRAPPING HEAT, MUCH LIKE THE GLASS ROOF OF A

GREENHOUSE. NOW, HOWEVER, WE HAVE AN

OVERSUPPLY OF GREENHOUSE GASES IN THE

ATMOSPHERE


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8/84

Greenhouse 6arming ma7es earthha"ita"le8 $ithout C#9 Earth:s mean temperature

6ill "e a"out 15;;C (no li


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hilippine temperatures

2.!

2".#

2".2

2".

2".$

2".!

2$.#

2$.2

2$.

2$.$

2$.!

%# %&%# %&2# %&'# % %&"# %&$# % %&!# %& 2###

Tempea!"e#oC$

2".2

2".

2".$

2".!

2$.#

2$.2

2$.

2$.$

2$.!

1901-10 1911-20 1921-30 1931-40 1941-50 1951-60 1961-70 1971-80 1981-90

Temperatre!C

"

L*+

V/0/

M1//+


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Source: 199 !"#$#%%#&e GHG

I&'e&(or)

TOTAL#TOTAL#$%%&'() *t CO$%%&'() *t CO++

!,%&%() *t CO+"!'&%- *t CO+"

!((&$(% *t CO+" !$%&/%( *t CO+"

GHGSoures

$$0

'0

((0


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CLIMATE CHANGE 1 CHANGE IN CLIMATEattri2ta23e dire4t35 to 6man a4ti7it5 t6at a3ters t6e 4omposition o8t6e 93o2a3 atmosp6ere and :6i46 is in addition to natra3 43imate7aria2i3it5 o2ser7ed o7er 4ompara23e time periods.

CLIMATE CHANGE

GLOBAL WARMING!In4rease in G3o2a3 Temperatre"

GLOBAL WARMING!In4rease in Green Hose Gasses"


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GREENHOUSE GASES AN; HOW ARE THE< EMITTE;INTO THE ATMOS=HERE?

NATURAL GREENHOUSE GASES

IN ITS NATURAL STATE,

CARBON ;IO>I;E IS PRODUCED BY VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS, FOREST FIRES AND MACHINERIES USINGFOSSIL FUELS.

METHANE IS EMITTED FROM DECAYING PLANTS ANDANIMALS.

NITROUS O>I;E, ON THE OTHER HAND, RESULTS FROMBACTERIAL BREAKDOWN OF NITROGEN IN SOILS AND

OCEANS.


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GREENHOUSE GASES AN; HOW ARE THE< EMITTE;INTO THE ATMOS=HERE?

OTHER SOURCES OF

CARBON ;IO>I;E WHICH ACCOUNTS FOR $# OF THETOTAL GREEN HOUSE GASES DUE TO THE USE OF FOSSIL

FUELS, BY POWER PLANTS, INDUSTRIES AND VEHICLES AND

OTHER MACHINERIES.

METHANE IS THE SECOND MOST COMMON GREENHOUSEGAS, ACCOUNTING FOR 2# OF THE ADDITIONAL

GREENHOUSE EFFECT EMITTED BY DECOMPOSITION OF

GARBAGE AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES, AND NATURAL GASPRODUCTION.

NITROUS O>I;EIS PRODUCED FROM THE USE OF NITROGENFERTILI3ER AND PESTICIDES.


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MEN ALSO INTRODUCED THREE (') NEW GREENHOUSE

GASES

THE HALUORI;E IS USED MOSTLY IN ELECTRICINSULATORS.

IN ADDITION, MAN HAS ;ESTRO


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Car"on =io?i=e @ethane

itrous ?i=e

T6ese are natra335 8ond in t6eatmosp6ere and t6e5 trap 6eat 43ose to

t6e Eart6@s sr8a4e.


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CARBON ;IO>I;E METHANE

NITROUS O>I;E

Ba4teria3 Brea*do:n o8 Nitro9enin Soi3s and O4ean


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CARBON ;IO>I;E Brnin9 o8 ossi3 e3s!Oi3& Coa3" 25 =o:erp3ants& Indstries ande6i43es


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Met6ane ;e4omposition o8 Gar2a9e and A9ri43tra3Waste Materia3s& Lea*s in Coa3 Minin9 and Natra3 Gas=rod4tion

A44onts 8or +%0 o8 additiona3 9reen6ose e88e4ts


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Nitros Oide#

5Ba4teria3 Brea*do:n o8 Nitro9en in Soi3s and O4eans

5Use o8 Nitro9en erti3iDer and =esti4ides in A9ri43tre5Biomass Brnin95Com2stion =ro4ess e6i43es5A4id =rod4tion


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H5dro83oro4ar2onsH5dro83oro4ar2ons!HCs"!HCs"

=er83oro4ar2ons=er83oro4ar2ons!=Cs"!=Cs"

S38r 6ea83orideS38r 6ea83oride!S/!S/


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Red4e a2i3it5 o8 E4os5stem to A2sor2

Green6ose Gasses


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Greenhouse Gases

!ater "a#or Car$on %io&ide

'CO()

Methane 'CH* )

Nitrous O&ide 'NO()

Sulfur he&afluoride'SF+)

H,drofluoroar$ons'HFCs)

Perfluoroar$ons'PFCs)

Chlorofluoroar$ons 'CFCs)

Hman Sor4es o8Green6ose Gases

!GHG"C/67+ D+819 (CO2)

: M+; 9;

GHG

M9;?/9 (CH) :

S9@+1 +;

@++, 2%8 ;?9


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The sources of these air pollutants are closelymonitored using pollutants monitoring devices.

Mobile Sourceswhich refers to thevehicles;

Point Sourceswhich refers to stationary

sources such as industrial plants, hotelsand power plants powered by Coal andDiesel.

Area Sourcesrefers to burning of garbage

dust from construction and unpaved roads.


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IM=ACTS O CLIMATE CHANGE

MELTING O GLACIERS IN THE NORTH POLE,ANTARCTICA AND OTHER FRO3EN AREAS. THIS

WILL LEAD TO INCREASES IN THE SEA LEVELS.

THE CONSEUENCES IS THE INUNDATION AND

FLOODING OF LOW-LYING AREAS.

SMALL ISLANDS MAY EVEN DISAPPEAR. THE

ACCELERATION IN MELTING HAS ACTUALLY

BEGAN.

SINCE %&, A TOTAL OF %', "## S. KMS. OF ICE

SHELVES HAVE DISINTEGRATED IN THE

ANTARCTIC =ENINSULA.


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IM=ACTS O CLIMATE CHANGE

GLOBAL WARMING AECTS SEASONAL =ATTERNSAN; CAUSE ;ISRU=TIONS IN AGRICULTURAL=RO;UCTIONTHAT RELIES HEAVILY ON THE NORMALSEASONAL CYCLE OF PLANTING AND HARVESTING.

DISRUPTS THE FEEDING HABITS, MIGRATION AND

REPRODUCTIVE PATTERNS OF ANIMALS.

IN ADDITION, E4TREME WEATHER EVENTS LIKE THE

EL NIO AN; LA NIA. LEAD TO DECREASEDPRODUCTIVITY AND FOOD SHORTAGE.


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In Aul% 129 a heat6a>e in Chicago9 *S9 cause=In Aul% 129 a heat6a>e in Chicago9 *S9 cause=

21 heatrelate= =eaths an= ,9, e?cess21 heatrelate= =eaths an= ,9, e?cessemergenc% a=missionsemergenc% a=missions

Historic #, heat6a>e in Europe ha= ta7en o>erHistoric #, heat6a>e in Europe ha= ta7en o>er#9 more =eaths (from 6hich 19 occurre=#9 more =eaths (from 6hich 19 occurre=

in 0rench) than usual for that time of %earin 0rench) than usual for that time of %ear(WHO,2004)(WHO,2004)

Hurricane Datrina on &ugust #2 in rleans9 *S9Hurricane Datrina on &ugust #2 in rleans9 *S9ha= ta7en life of 195,3 people an= houses of tensha= ta7en life of 195,3 people an= houses of tensthousan=sthousan=s

C,lone Nargis on Ma, (--. in M,anmarC,lone Nargis on Ma, (--. in M,anmaraused atastro#hi destrution /ithaused atastro#hi destrution /ithhundreds of thousands deaths0hundreds of thousands deaths0

He*$(" #+%*c(, o- c$#+*(e '*r#*#$#() / c"*&0e


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Human "eings are e?pose= to CC throughHuman "eings are e?pose= to CC through

changing 6eather patterns (temperature9changing 6eather patterns (temperature9

precipitation9 seale>el rise an= moreprecipitation9 seale>el rise an= more

freents) an= in=irectl%freents) an= in=irectl%

through changes in 6ater9 air an= foo=through changes in 6ater9 air an= foo=


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PHILIPPINEPHILIPPINE

1ULNE2A3ILIT41ULNE2A3ILIT4TO CLIMATETO CLIMATE

CHANGECHANGE


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=HILI==INE ULNERABILIT< TO CLIMATE CHANGE

PHILIPPINES IS A COUNTRY THAT IS VULNERABLETO THE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE.

OUR COUNTRY LIES IN THE =ACIIC T


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=HILI==INE ULNERABILIT< TO CLIMATE CHANGE

THE PHILIPPINES IS AN ARCHIPELAGIC COUNTRY

WITH MANY SMALL ISLANDS.

WITH ONE OF THE LONGEST COASTLINES IN THE

WORLD AT '2, ## KILOMETERS, WE HAVE MANYCOASTAL AREAS THAT ARE VULNERABLE TO STORM

SURGES.

THE PHILIPPINES IS STILL PRIMARILY AN

AGRICULTURAL AND FISHING ECONOMY.


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=HILI==INES RES=ONSES TO CLIMATE CHANGE

5SIGNED AND RATIFIED BOTH THE UNITED NATIONSCONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE F9/ A6 A@;

5PROGRESSIVELY IMPLEMENT BIOUELS =ROGRAMS

SUCH AS ETHANOL, COCO-DIESEL, AND ATHROPA.MI4ES WITH MOTOR FUEL TO PRODUCE CLEANER

VEHICULAR EMISSIONS. RE=UBLIC ACT NO. -/('

continuation


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5ENCOURAGING THE USE O COM=RESSE; NATURALGAS.

5RECENTLY, THE DENR, DA AND DAR SIGNED A

MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING WITH A CHINESEINVESTORS FOR THE PROVISION OF ONE MILLION

HECTARES FOR THE =LANTING O CORN OR ETHANOL.

continuation

5ENFORCEMENT OF EMISSION STANDARDS FORVEHICLES AND INDUSTRIES

continuation


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5ASSISTING THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS IN SOLI;WASTE MANAGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OFSANITARY LANDFILL SITES NATIONWIDE.

continuation

5ACTIVELY PURSUING THE SHIT TO RENEWABLESOURCES, LIKE WIND, WATER, NATURAL

5IMPLEMENTING A GREEN =HILI==INE =ROGRAM THATWILL PUT VEGETATION ALL OVER THE PHILIPPINES.

5ACCELERATING THE GEOHAAR; MA==ING =ROECTTO IDENTIFY AND DETERMINE AREAS MOST VULNERABLE

TO LANDSLIDES, SO THAT COMMUNITIES CAN BE

FORWARDED OF POTENTIAL DANGER.


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A;MINISTRATIE OR;ER NO. $'$

ON FEBRUARY 2#, 2##&, THE PRESIDENT SIGNED

A;MINISTRATIE OR;ER NO. $'$ WHICH CREATEDTHE =RESI;ENT TASF ORCE ON CLIMATE CHANGE

!=TCC".

THE TASK FORCE IS TASKED TO ACT WITH RESOLVE

AND URGENCY IN ADDRESSING THE ISSUE OF

CLIMATE CHANGE, MITIGATE ITS IMPACT AND ADAPT

TO ITS EFFECTS.


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henomenonhenomenonFFCreeping Climate ChangeCreeping Climate Change

55C2EEPING6 CLIMATE CHANGEC2EEPING6 CLIMATE CHANGE

Fre7uen,Fre7uen, ## t%phoons## t%phoons

per %ear getting strongerper %ear getting stronger

LossesLosses hp 5 "illionhp 5 "illion

annuall% (propert% an=annuall% (propert% an=

agriculture)agriculture)

So#eSo#e 142 to ##142 to ##


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Su#er t,#hoonsSu#er t,#hoons88 n=o%9 @ilen%o9n=o%9 @ilen%o9Reming9 Sen%ang an= ueenieReming9 Sen%ang an= ueenie

55C2EEPING6 CLIMATE CHANGEC2EEPING6 CLIMATE CHANGE


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More

precipitationfrom increased

evaporation due

to higher temp

Annual

mean

precipitatio

n expected

to increase

about 14%

in East Asia

but this is

not

distributed

evenly in

the region


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Inundate

etlands and

other lo lying

lands

Erode beaches

Intensify flooding

Increase the

salinity of rivers!

bays and

groundater

tables

"ising #ea$evels


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8 !inter tem#s /illhange more thansummer tem#s0

inimum daily

temp ill increase

more than max

daily temp

$and ill arm

more than oceans!

causing stronger

monsoon

Higher latitudes andaltitudes /illeeriene greater/arming

Num$er of frostda,s /ill deline9

#rei#itation morerain that sno/fall

&ased on the I'((

middle range

scenario!entire East Asia

"egion ill

experience

temperature riseof about )%*( by

end of the century


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AcrossSociety%"lnea&le se'!os

Agriculture

Freshwater

Health

Biodiversity Forests

ENSO drought events and rice

(oC in'ease lea)s !o(*+ )e'ease in i'e iel)

From: www.sciencentral.com: Cassman !""! National Academy o# Sciences
http://www.sciencentral.com/http://www.sciencentral.com/


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PHILIPPINESPHILIPPINES

2ESPONSES TO2ESPONSES TOCLIMATE CHANGECLIMATE CHANGE


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5SIGNED AND RATIFIED BOTH THE UNITED NATIONSCONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE F9/ A6 A@;

5PROGRESSIVELY IMPLEMENT BIOUELS =ROGRAMS

SUCH AS ETHANOL, COCO-DIESEL, AND ATHROPA.MI4ES WITH MOTOR FUEL TO PRODUCE CLEANER

VEHICULAR EMISSIONS. RE=UBLIC ACT NO. -/('

continuation


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5ENCOURAGING THE USE O COM=RESSE; NATURALGAS.

5RECENTLY, THE DENR, DA AND DAR SIGNED A

MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING WITH A CHINESE

INVESTORS FOR THE PROVISION OF ONE MILLION

HECTARES FOR THE =LANTING O CORN OR ETHANOL.

continuation

5ENFORCEMENT OF EMISSION STANDARDS FORVEHICLES AND INDUSTRIES

continuation


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5ASSISTING THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS IN SOLI;WASTE MANAGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OFSANITARY LANDFILL SITES NATIONWIDE.

5ACTIVELY PURSUING THE SHIT TO RENEWABLESOURCES, LIKE WIND, WATER, NATURAL

5IMPLEMENTING A GREEN =HILI==INE =ROGRAM THATWILL PUT VEGETATION ALL OVER THE PHILIPPINES.

5ACCELERATE THE GEOHAAR; MA==ING =ROECTTOIDENTIFY AND DETERMINE AREAS MOST VULNERABLE TO

LANDSLIDES, SO THAT COMMUNITIES CAN BE

FORWARDED OF POTENTIAL DANGER.


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Miti9ation measres and strate9ies5 Ener95 and Transport#

5 R99/7>9 9960 (+>/6, 1, 7+/, ;19,

?016+, 9;@)5 E960 9@9@0, @+96=/;+

5 A>;96/;=9 9>

5 P7>@ ;6/1 /;9 /1 /;9/;96 ;

5 M9;?/9 @//1 9 /

5 A9ri43tre

5 A6@>;6/> 6919 ;

5 A/> /;9 ;


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I@&C+S 0 C'I@&+E CH&GE


47/84

TheThe Thames BarrierThames Barrier, a major ood defense, a major ood defense

system in London designed to be used oncesystem in London designed to be used once

every two to three yearsevery two to three years is now being usedis now being used

six times a year due to increasedsix times a year due to increased


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An anal,sis of :- ,ears /eather $alloon data ha"eAn anal,sis of :- ,ears /eather $alloon data ha"esho/n thatsho/n that the air o"er Antartia is /arming e"enthe air o"er Antartia is /arming e"enfaster than in other #arts of the /orldfaster than in other #arts of the /orld0 The /eather0 The /eather$alloon data sho/ a /arming of -0; degree to


49/84

Last arch !""#,Last arch !""#,"yclone #arry"yclone #arry$$the worstthe worstcyclone to hitcyclone to hit

$ueensland$ueenslandsince %&'%since %&'%, left, leftan unbelievablean unbelievablelevel oflevel ofdestruction,destruction,devastation anddevastation and


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&n&n "hina"hina,, at leastat least'00,000 people'00,000 people

are short ofare short ofdrin(ing waterdrin(ing waterbecause ofbecause of

unseasonablyunseasonablywarm weatherwarm weatherasasChina e'periencesChina e'periencesits warmest winterits warmest winter

for (" years, whichfor (" years, whicho)icials lin% too)icials lin% toclimate change.climate change.


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"ser>e= Impacts"ser>e= Impacts

Glaier degenerationGlaier degeneration

G>/@96 /69/

+6;?9; C?/

?/=9 19@69/91

70 2% @9 ;?9

>;;>9 @9 /9

DH,2##"


52/84

5T6e :ater 3e7e3so8 some 6i96p3atea in3and3a*es 6a7e risen&

s2mer9in9pastre

5T6e perma8rostin Ti2et 6as

9otten t6inner 25p to +, meters

O2ser7ed Impa4ts

Impacts on Coastal JoneImpacts on Coastal Jone


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Impacts on Coastal JoneImpacts on Coastal Jone

Large areas of the Mekong, RedLarge areas of the Mekong, Red

River deltas and Central coastalRiver deltas and Central coastalzone would be inundated due to seazone would be inundated due to sealevel rise.level rise.

Coastal & estuarine wetlandsCoastal & estuarine wetlands

would be affected due to frequentwould be affected due to frequentfloods, severe drought & salinityfloods, severe drought & salinityCa Mau, !o Chi Minh City, "ungCa Mau, !o Chi Minh City, "ung#au and $a% inh'#au and $a% inh'

Livelihood of coastal (o(ulationLivelihood of coastal (o(ulationwill be affected by %ore severewill be affected by %ore severestor%s, flood, drought and sea levelstor%s, flood, drought and sea levelrise.rise.

P i$l I tP i$l I t


54/84

Possi$le Im#ats onPossi$le Im#ats on

AgriultureAgriultureR@9 09>1 2#!#

*+y !"(", the overall+y !"(", the overall

crop productivity incrop productivity in

China can decreaseChina can decrease

-"/ if no action is-"/ if no action ista%en. +y the second halfta%en. +y the second half

of the !st century,of the !st century,

climate change canclimate change can

cause yield reduction incause yield reduction inrice, mai0e and wheat uprice, mai0e and wheat up

to (1/. &n the ne'tto (1/. &n the ne't

!"-" years,!"-" years,

agricultural productionagricultural production

may be seriouslymay be seriously

H

He*$(" #+%*c(, o- c$#+*(e '*r#*#$#() / c"*&0e


55/84

In Aul% 129 a heat6a>e in Chicago9 *S9 cause=In Aul% 129 a heat6a>e in Chicago9 *S9 cause=21 heatrelate= =eaths an= ,9, e?cess21 heatrelate= =eaths an= ,9, e?cessemergenc% a=missionsemergenc% a=missions

Historic #, heat6a>e in Europe ha= ta7en o>erHistoric #, heat6a>e in Europe ha= ta7en o>er#9 more =eaths (from 6hich 19 occurre= in#9 more =eaths (from 6hich 19 occurre= in0rench) than usual for that time of %ear0rench) than usual for that time of %ear (WHO,2004)(WHO,2004)

Hurricane Datrina on &ugust #2 in rleans9 *S9Hurricane Datrina on &ugust #2 in rleans9 *S9ha= ta7en life of 195,3 people an= houses of tensha= ta7en life of 195,3 people an= houses of tensthousan=sthousan=s

C,lone Nargis on Ma, (--. in M,anmarC,lone Nargis on Ma, (--. in M,anmaraused atastro#hi destrution /ith hundredsaused atastro#hi destrution /ith hundredsof thousands deaths0of thousands deaths0

He*$(" #+%*c(, o- c$#+*(e '*r#*#$#() / c"*&0e


56/84

Human "eings are e?pose= to CC throughHuman "eings are e?pose= to CC through

changing 6eather patterns (temperature9changing 6eather patterns (temperature9

precipitation9 seale>el rise an= moreprecipitation9 seale>el rise an= morefreents) an= in=irectl%freents) an= in=irectl%

through changes in 6ater9 air an= foo=through changes in 6ater9 air an= foo=


57/84

T6e =6i3ippines 6asnot 2een spared o8

t6e :eat6erre3ateddistr2an4es anddisasters. T6e past

t5p6oons 6a7e 2eennsa335 6ea75 and6a7e 2ro96tde7astation to or4ontr5 and orpeop3e.


58/84

In %eem$er ofIn %eem$er of

(--:9 at least(--:9 at least

(-- #eo#le died(-- #eo#le diedfrom landslidesfrom landslides

and floodingand flooding

after /eafter /e

eeriened theeeriened thehea"iest rainfallhea"iest rainfall

in (= ,ears0in (= ,ears0

)n three days of storm, more than a)n three days of storm, more than a

meter of rain fell in Surigao "ity * moremeter of rain fell in Surigao "ity * more

than three times the monthly averagethan three times the monthly average


59/84

)n !00+, the death toll stood at)n !00+, the death toll stood at

+%!, with % people missing,+%!, with % people missing,

after typhoon -innie triggeredafter typhoon -innie triggeredlandslides and .ash .oodslandslides and .ash .oods

)n $ue/on alone, %%+ died in)n $ue/on alone, %%+ died in

eal, %00 in )nfanta, and &! ineal, %00 in )nfanta, and &! in1eneral 2a(ar1eneral 2a(ar

In Fe$ruar, of (--+9 an estimated


60/84

In Fe$ruar, of (--+9 an estimated


61/84

In Septem2er +)& +%%/& sperIn Septem2er +)& +%%/& spert5p6oon Mi3en5o t6e stron9estt5p6oon Mi3en5o t6e stron9estt5p6oon to 6it Metro Mani3a in se7ent5p6oon to 6it Metro Mani3a in se7en5ears& 4t a4ross LDon& 3ea7in9 at5ears& 4t a4ross LDon& 3ea7in9 at3east $) peop3e dead3east $) peop3e dead


62/84

ARIABILIT< IN TEM=ERATURE

;ISRU=T C


63/84

JLOO;ING


64/84

ARIABILIT< IN TEM=ERATURE J E>TREME WEATHER EENTS

CALAMITIES AN; ;ISASTERS


65/84

CALAMITIES AN; ;ISASTERS#

ARIABILIT< IN TEM=ERATURE J ;EASTATIONS AN; HIGHCOST O LIES AN; =RO=ERTIES


66/84

HE&'+H RISDS

ARIABILIT< IN TEM=ERATURE J HEATWAES KE>TREME COL;ARIABILIT< IN TEM=ERATURE J HEATWAES KE>TREME COL;RONTSRONTS

HIGH RISF OR THE OL;& THE SICF& CHIL;REN AN; THE =OOR HIGH RISF OR THE OL;& THE SICF& CHIL;REN AN; THE =OOR

ECOS


67/84

T,#hoons and Floods

The Philippines is located in the typhoon belt.

An ae!a"e o# 20 typhoonsisit the co$nt!y

ee!y yea! and incidents o# #loodin" a!ehi"he! in the co$nt!y than any%he!e else.

Source: PAGASA


68/84

LAN;SLI;ES MU; LOWS


69/84

Developing'o"n!ies li-e

!he hilippines/ill &e hi!

ha)es!.

Thee is a nee) fomoe ee'!ivemi!iga!ion an)

a)ap!a!ion

meas"es !opepae fo !he

ee'!s of CLIMATEC1ANGE

SALTWATER

INTRUSION

2##'


70/84

(+&%% Fi3ometers& Lon9est Coast3ine

THE TIPPING POINTTHE TIPPING POINT


71/84

Current level of atmosphericCurrent level of atmosphericconcentration of GHG:concentration of GHG:,4# ppm,4# ppm

THE TIPPING POINTTHE TIPPING POINT

Scientists report:Scientists report:B% #29B% #29the 6orl= 6oul= reach thethe 6orl= 6oul= reach the

tipping point of irre>ersi"letipping point of irre>ersi"le

climate changeclimate change

Ie a#s /ill melt9 raising seaIe a#s /ill melt9 raising sea

le"els $, + to > metersle"els $, + to > meters

At *=- ##m9 /eather #atters /ill $eAt *=- ##m9 /eather #atters /ill $e

disru#ted9 ausing stronger t,#hoonsdisru#ted9 ausing stronger t,#hoons

EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGEEFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE


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Half of the countr%:s 1931 municipalities areHalf of the countr%:s 1931 municipalities are

locate= along our coastline 6ith 5K of thelocate= along our coastline 6ith 5K of the

population =epen=ent on seafoo=.population =epen=ent on seafoo=.

Mala$on?Na"otas Area@Mala$on?Na"otas Area@ 4meter rise4meter rise



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& onemeter& onemeter

increase in seaincrease in sea

le>el coul=le>el coul=

=estro% or=estro% or

=rasticall%=rasticall%

affect li>ingaffect li>ing

con=itions in 3con=itions in 3

of the countr%:sof the countr%:s51 pro>inces.51 pro>inces.


Moe in!ense an) longe)o"gh!s sin'e (30


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$irectO%servations o#"ecent Climate

Change

Thee is o&seva!ionalevi)en'e of in'easein!ensi! of !opi'al ''lonea'!ivi! in !he No!h A!lan!i'sin'e (30 'oela!e) /i!h!he in'ease in sea s"fa'e!empea!"e.

Col) )as, 'ol)nigh!s an) fos! have&e'ome less fe4"en!.5hile ho! )as, ho!nigh!s, an) hea!/aves have &e'omemoe fe4"en!.

Source: IPCC 4thAssessment Report: Summary for Policy-makers

)o"gh!s sin'e (30pa!i'"lal in !he !opi's an)s"&!opi's )"e !o in'ease in!empea!"e an) )e'ease inpe'ipi!a!ion.

!A2 FOOTING!A2 FOOTING


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UNFCCCUNFCCC

Strategies@Strategies@

@itigation@itigation car"on cutting car"on cutting

&=aptation&=aptation

a=apting s%stems a=apting s%stems

to climate changeto climate change




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E>er% citiLen to "e onE>er% citiLen to "e onF6ar footingF6ar footingagainst climate changeagainst climate change

F+otal mo"iliLation+otal mo"iliLation

of all sectors inof all sectors in

or=er to a"ort the tipping pointor=er to a"ort the tipping point

!e an res#ond!e an res#ond


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Ri=e a "i7e or 6al7 6hen

going short =istances

Report smo7e"elching>ehicles to '+9 &ntiSmo7eBelching *nit

Chec7 the energ% efficienc%rating of the appliances

+urn ff %our computer an=unplug appliances 6hen not inuse

&>oi= o>ercharging %ourmo"ile hone



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'ights on onl% 6hen nee=e='ights on onl% 6hen nee=e=

Clean "ul"s/lamps at all timesClean "ul"s/lamps at all times

Change %our light "ul"s. *se compact fluorescent light (C0')Change %our light "ul"s. *se compact fluorescent light (C0')

instea= of incan=escent "ul"s. C0's use up 42K lessinstea= of incan=escent "ul"s. C0's use up 42K less

electricit% an= last up to 1, times longerelectricit% an= last up to 1, times longer




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!e an res#onde a es#o d

&>oi= ta7ing ari=e on smo7e"elching tric%cles9"uses9 ta?is an=

Meepne%s



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Segregate the 6aste at source into"io=egra=a"les9 non"io=egra=a"les

Rec%cle paper9 cartons9 "ottles9 E+plastic9 pieces of metal9 etc.

Deep can=% 6rappers an= other small6aste in %our poc7et

Reuse scrap paper9 reuse re>erse page

pt for rec%cle= paper an= paperpro=ucts


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MinimiBe the use of dis#osa$leMinimiBe the use of dis#osa$leutleries and #lates during #artiesutleries and #lates during #arties

!hen riding a $oat or an, /ater!hen riding a $oat or an, /ater

"ehile9 do not thro/ an,thing into the"ehile9 do not thro/ an,thing into the

/ater e"en if the material is/ater e"en if the material is

$iodegrada$le$iodegrada$le


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Car$on sinsCar$on sins DD treetree

plantings ur"an greeningplantings ur"an greening

A tree living #or &' years


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A tree living #or &' yearswill generate (h)*&+,-&'

worth o# oygen )rovide(h)/0&/''' millionworth

o# air )ollution controlcontrol soil erosion and

increase soil #ertilityto thetune o# (h)*&+,-&'recycle (h)*+*/&''

worth o# waterand )rovide

a home #or animalswortho# (h)*&+/-01.-0. 2his

3gure does not include thevalue o# the #ruits lum%eror %eauty derived #rom.4ust another sensi%le

reason to ta5e care o# our#orests.

Source: (ro#essor 2.6. $as 7niversity o# Calcutta !ndia amount have%een converted #rom 7.S. $ollars to (eso at (h)&*.''

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION


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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Cimate Change 101 Updated MAY 2010

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Transcript of Cimate Change 101 Updated MAY 2010