Christianity Clashes with Rome
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Transcript of Christianity Clashes with Rome
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Christianity Clashes with Rome
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Lesson Overview
1. Models of Christ and Culture2. Culture of ancient Rome3. Culture of Christianity4. Christ against Culture5. Legalization of Christianity
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Models of Christ and Culture
• What is Culture? (Pg. 35)– Created by Humans (in a given context)– Ways of doing things– Belongs in the Public domain– Arises from traditions– Function as rules or norms
• Based upon the research of American Anthropologist Clyde Kluckohn
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Culture of Early Christianity
• Apologetics• Unity• Apostolic Succession• Eucharist• Baptism• Heretics and schisms• Lapsi (Lapsed ones)• Petrine primacy• Epicopate in general
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Church Fathers
• Clement of Rome (? – 101)• Ignatius of Antioch (50-107)• Irenaeus (130-200)• Tertullian (160-225)• Origen (184-253)
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St. Clement of Rome
• Letter to Corinth 96 CE• Schism developed• Elders are direct successors of
apostles• Validates their authority
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Ignatius of Antioch
• Martyrdom• Denounced schisms and
heresies• Advocated for Church’s
Episcopacy• Incarnation, Passion, Death,
Resurrection• Coined the term “Roman
Catholic”
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Nature of Jesus
• Human? God? Demi-God?• God = Unlimited being in every
sense (Omnipotence, Omniscience, Omnipresences, Omnibenevolent)
• Modalism• Docetism• Tertullian Rejects both
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Irenaeus of Lyons
• Interested in Sotiriology• Why does the death of Jesus
save us?• Save us from What?• Why was such a gruesome
death necessary?• Answer: Saved through
Christ, from the Devil
Irenaeus’ theology would have an impact on the 20th Writer C.S.
Lewis when he wrote his children’s book, The Lion, the
Witch, and the Wardrobe
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Origen
• How do we comprehend Jesus?
• Joining of two separate entities
• Divine Word and Human Flesh
• Infusion• Problems with this theory
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Pax Romana
• Peace of Rome• Emperor Augustus had
established peace• Meant safe travels
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Roman Infrastructure
• Mediterranean under Roman occupation
• Roads, mail system, ships, travel routes
• Hellenistic culture meant Greek common language
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Persecution
• Initially, came from local• Shift to regional
governments• Nero• Seen as problematic,
Christians would not acknowledge the divinity of the Roman Emperor
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Emperor Decius
• First Empire-wide persecution of Christians
• Decius attributed Empire’s misfortunes to Christianity
• Since Christianity called for ultimate allegiance to Christ, seen as dissident
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Christ Against Culture
• Tertullian and Apostles
Roman Culture• Emperor = Lord• Pantheon of gods• Favour to “Roman
State”• Foster Virtue
Christian Culture• Jesus = Lord• One God• Favour weakest
members of society• Foster Virtue
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Legalization of Christianity• Civil War (Constantine
against Maxentius)• Edict of Milan 313• Toleration and integration
of Christ and State• Good or Bad?