Christian Stein - A network approach to analyzing governance of land, water and ecosystems
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Transcript of Christian Stein - A network approach to analyzing governance of land, water and ecosystems
A Network Approach to Analyzing Governance of Land, Water and Ecosystems
Christian Stein
Sussex University, 23 September 2010
Pathways to sustainable water resources management…
have to balance landscape modifications linked to socio-economic development, e.g. food production, against the potential impacts on other water users, including ecosystems
Pathways to sustainable water resources management…
Source: Comprehensive Assessment 2007
must encompass not only the liquid water in rivers lakes and aquifers (blue water), but also soil moisture (green water) and how the complex of green and blue water sources and flows is influenced through changes in land and vegetation cover
Pathways to sustainable water resources management…
have to go through a range of stakeholders related to each other through complex governance arrangements
Source: Figure adapted from Bodin and Crona 2009
Systems devised for governing natural resources display a large diversity
but the tools to understand them are strikingly blunt
Source: Carllson and Berkes 2005
A social network approach
Has recently been used to analyze problems in natural resources management and governance
Focuses on relationships between social entities and the implications of these relationships
Can be used for analyzing across different sectors and scales
A network approach to analysing governance of land, water and ecosystems
The Mkindo catchment in the Wami basin in Tanzania
Linking actors to green-blue water sources and flows
Inventory of activities Inventory of organizations
The empirically measured social network influencing land, water and ecosystems
‘Bottom up’ analysis to understand existing social structures
Klique finder analysis to identify cohesive subgroups
Centrality measurements to identify potentially influential actors
Emergent results
Formal actors are not be the only or even the most important actors
Local (informal) actors perform important functions with regards to governing green and blue water at the catchment scale, but they are not adequately linked to the (formal) water governance system
No organization coordinates the various land and water related activities across the catchment, i.e. limited horizontal interaction and local actors have limited linkages to ‘official’ actors at higher-levels of governance, i.e. limited vertical interaction
Current attempts to address identified gaps could benefit from building upon already existing social network structures, some of which have been identified through this network approach
Thank you!
Acknowledgement:
Dr. Jennie Barron – SEI & SRCDr. Henrik Ernstson – SRC & UCT
Conceptual framework
Analyse the social network structurei.e. the pattern of interactions
Identify opportunities and constrains of the existing governance systeme.g. existing structures that can be build on
Source: Ernstson et al 2010
Multi scale assessment/framework/approach
Source: Barron et al 2008
Institutional landscape in Tanzania
Administrativeperspective
Hydrologicalperspective
Networkperspective
Source: Comprehensive Assessment 2007
Source: Rockström unpublished
Stylized Networks illustrating the network perspective
Based on a better understanding of the existing social network structures (A), potential interventions can be identified (A>B) to adapt the governance network (B)
Study design
I) Inventory of activities influencing green blue water flows
II) Inventory of organisations influencing activities
Water management – the traditional focus
Source: Rockström unpublished
Green and blue water management
Source: Rockström unpublished
The empirically measured social network influencing land, water and ecosystems
Organisations directly or indirectly influencing green and blue water flows in the Mkindo catchment (n=70)
Multi-scale assessment including governmental, civil society, and privet sector actors from the village level to the national level
Analysis focuses on reciprocated collaborative relations influencing land, water and ecosystem governance in the Mkindo catchment