Chp133 e Node

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Technology and SolutionsProtection and Substation Automation

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Topic:

Energy Node

Substation / Switchgear / BusbarIntroduction

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Energy Node

r Clarification / Definitionr Switchgear Featuresr Common Switchgear Configurationsr Special Switchgear Configurationsr Connectionsr Busbar Protection

Objectives / Overview

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Clarification / Definition - Substation

The Substation includes every part in the energy node: Switchgear (of different voltage levels), Transformers, Buildings etc. E.g. “Substation Mettlen”

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Clarification / Definition - Switchgear

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Clarification / Definition - Switchgear

380 kV Switchgear & Line

220 kV Switchgear & Line

380 / 220 kV Transformer

≤ 150 kV Switchgear & Line

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Clarification / Definition - Busbar

e.g. 380 kV

Busbar 1Busbar 2

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Switchgear Features

The main distinguishing feature of switchgears is the Insulation Medium:

AIR: Air Insulated Switchgear (AIS)

GAS (SF6): Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS)

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The advantages of a GIS are:

q Less space required / Compact

q Low weight

q Higher reliability

q Personal Safety

q Low maintenance

q Long life

The disadvantage:

q Higher purchase cost

(for the switchgear!)

Switchgear Features

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Switchgear FeaturesLocation

Indoor – Outdoor

“no limitation”“no limitation”Outdoor

“no limitation”Usually ≤ 132 kVIndoor

GISAIS

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Switchgear FeaturesData: e.g. example ABB

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Switchgear FeaturesAIS Layout example

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Switchgear FeaturesGIS Layout example

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Switchgear FeaturesGIS Cross Section example

Up to voltages of 170 kV (new up to 245 kV), the 3 phases are generally in a common enclosure (tube), at higher voltages the phases are segregated.

The encapsulation consists of non – magnetic and corrosion –resistant aluminium or welted aluminium sheets.

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Switchgear FeaturesGIS example

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Common Switchgear ConfigurationsCircuit Configurations for High- and Medium Voltage switchgear installations

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Common Switchgear ConfigurationsSingle Busbar

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Common Switchgear ConfigurationsDouble Busbar

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Common Switchgear ConfigurationsDouble Busbar in U connection

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Common Switchgear ConfigurationsComposite Double / Bypass Busbar

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Common Switchgear ConfigurationsDouble Busbar with draw- out circuit breaker

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Common Switchgear ConfigurationsTwo breaker method with draw- out CB

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Common Switchgear ConfigurationsDouble Busbar with Bypass Busbar

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Common Switchgear ConfigurationsTriple Busbar

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Special Switchgear Configurations (mainly outside EU)

Double Busbar with Shunt Disconnector

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Two Breaker method

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ConnectionsBusbar Coupling – Double Busbar

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ConnectionsBusbar Coupling – Double Busbar with Transfer Bus

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ConnectionsBusbar Coupling – Triple Busbar

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ConnectionsBusbar Coupling – Triple Busbar with Transfer Bus

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Busbar ProtectionThe installed BBP must fit to all

q Features

q Configurations

q ConnectionsDepending on the Configuration and Position of the switches more or less components in the Protection Zone of the BBP:

q Voltage Transformer

q Circuit Breaker

q Disconnector / Earthing Switch

q Transfer Busbar

q Surge Arrester etc.

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Busbar Protection…. some components are located within the Zone of the BBP, other within the Line or Transformer Protection Zone

…. details in separate lessons

Chp133 e Node

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