Chinese American Colon CAGroup

8/2/2019 Chinese American Colon CAGroup

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Colon Cancer in Chinese

Americans

50 Years Old or Older?

Get Tested Regularly!



What is colon cancer?

Cancer of the colon or rectum

Your colon:

is another name for your large intestine.

is about 6 feet long.

turns food you eat into waste matter or a bowel

movement as it passes through the colon.

Your rectum: is the last 8-10 inches of the large intestine.

bowel movements travel through the rectum and

pass out of the body through the anus.



Your Colon and Rectum



Chinese American Colorectal

Cancer Disparities What is a disparity?

³«. a population-specific difference in the

presence of disease, health outcomes, or

access to care.´ (Health Resources and

Services Administration, 2000)



Chinese American Colorectal

Cancer Disparities What is the prevalence of Colorectal cancer

in Chinese Americans?

52 out of 100,000 Chinese Men get colorectal

cancer yearly (Clin, 2007).

42 out of 100,000 Chinese women get

colorectal cancer yearly (Clin, 2007).

Clin, J., (2007). CA Cancer , 57: 190 -205



How long does it take cancer to develop,

and what are your chances?

In most people, colorectal cancers develop

slowly over a period of several years. 10 to 20 years (Clin, 2007).

Clin, J., (2007). CA Cancer , 57: 190 -205



Why does it develop?

Colorectal cancer usually begins as a non-

cancerous (or benign) polyp.

A polyp

is a growth inside the colon or rectum that is

not normal.

can be several types.

is not always cancerous.



When Cancer Forms in a Polyp

It can eventually grow through the lining and

into the wall of the colon or rectum.

95 percent of colorectal cancers grow from

cancerous polyps and move into the inside

layer of the wall of the colon and rectum

(Winawer, 1993).

Winawer, B., (1993). Colorectal Cancer, New

England J Med., 329(27):2028-9



Personal History Risk Factors for

Colorectal Cancer

Personal History of Cancer

If you¶ve already been treated for colorectal cancer, you¶reat an increased risk for developing it again.

Personal History of Polyps

If you have had a polyp removed

You are no longer at risk of that particular polypdeveloping into cancer.

If you have had an adenomatous polyp removed, you aremore likely to have other polyps in the future.

Adenomatous polyps are groups of polyps with abnormalcells that multiply and may eventually become cancerous.



Family History and the Role of

Genetics

You have a higher risk of developing

colorectal cancer if:

One or more immediate family members were

diagnosed with colorectal, uterine, or stomachcancer

Immediate family members include:

Parent

Sibling

Child



Lower Your Risk of Developing

Colorectal Cancer by:

Increasing physical activity

Exercise at least 30 minutes a day on the majority of days.

Not smoking - long-time smokers are more likely than

non-smokers to get colorectal cancer (American Cancer Society).

Improving your diet

Limit your alcohol use.

Limit high-fat diets. Limit red, charred, or processed meat.



Importance of Screening and

Early Detection

Once a non-cancerous (benign) polyp isremoved, it will never have the chance todevelop into cancer.

Regular screenings for colorectal cancer andremoval of polyps

Reduce a person¶s lifetime risk of dying.

When colorectal cancer is detected early

It is highly curable!



Early Detection Makes a Difference

The most effective way to reduce your risk of colorectal cancer is to get screened routinely.

Start at age 50.

Start earlier if you are at higher risk. Personal health history

Family health history



USPSTF Screening Guidelines

Age: 50-75 years and no screening from 76-

85.

Screening Methods

1. FOBT: every year

2. Flex Sig: every 5 years

3. Colonoscopy: every 10 years



Why should Chinese Americans

get screened?

Chinese Americans screening rates are

significantly lower in Chinese Americans, who

get screened only 46% compared to

Caucasians 60%, and African Americans

55%. (CDC).



Don¶t want to get screened?

Embarrassed?

Doctors need to know about changes in your

bowel habits or rectal bleeding.

Everyone has ³private parts,´ and it¶simportant to keep them healthy!

Don¶t want bad news?

Getting screened can find bad things early,

which increases the amount of time you can

spend with your family. They need you!

Doctor didn¶t say you need to get tested?

Bring it up with him or her ± it¶s important!



What test do I take to get screened?

There are several tests to screen

for colorectal cancer.

Some tests are used alone, while

others are used in combinationwith other tests.

Talk to your doctor about which

type of test is best for you!



What if something is found?

If you have polyps

They can be removed before they turn

into cancer.

Finding and removing adenomatouspolyps can decrease colorectal cancers

by 60-90 percent. (Winawer, 1993)

If cancer is found

It is often curable in its early stages.

Winawer, B., (1993). Colorectal Cancer,

New England J Med., 329(27):2028-9



Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT)

Recommended to be done yearly

Checks for hidden blood in the stool

Your doctor gives you a test kit

At home, you place a small amount of your stool from 3bowel movements on test cards.

You then return the cards to your doctor¶s office or a

lab where the stool samples are tested for hidden

blood.

If blood is found, a colonoscopy will be needed.

A disadvantage of this test

Sometimes the test is negative in people who have

adenomatous polyps and colorectal cancer. So a better

method might be need to evaluate you further.



Flexible Sigmoidoscopy (Flex Sig)

Recommended every 5 years

Examines the lining of your rectum and lower part of your colon

Uses a thin, flexible, lighted tube called a sigmoidoscope

It is inserted into your rectum and lower part of your colon. If polyps or lesions are found, a follow-up test is needed.

Some of the disadvantages of the Flex Sig are: You may feel some discomfort ± but not painful

If a polyp is found, it needs to be followed by a colonoscopyto remove the polyp at a later time.



Combination FOBT and Flex Sig

Some experts recommend using both of

these tests to increase the chance of finding

polyps and cancers.

It is recommended every 5 years.



Colonoscopy

Similar to the Flexible Sigmoidoscopy except:

It allows the doctor to look at the lining of your rectum andentire colon.

You will NOT be under general anesthesia.

The Doctor will use a thin, flexible, lighted tube called acolonoscope that is inserted into your rectum and colon tovisualize and remove any polyps if needed.



Colonoscopy (continued) «

Procedure takes 15±30 minutes.

If the polyps are removed, it might take a little

longer..

A wire loop is passed through the scope to cut the

polyp from the lining of the colon using an electrical

current.

Polyps are collected and

sent to the lab for

evaluation.



Worried about How Much It Will Cost?

If you are 50 years old or older and haveMedicare

You are eligible for colorectal screenings!

For more information, call or visit:

1-800-MEDIC ARE (1-800-633-4277)

http://medicare.gov/Health/ColonCancer.asp

If you have private insurance

Most insurers are now paying for some form of colorectal screening

Often including screening colonoscopy



Think about the future

Your family needs you.

If you¶re 50 years old or older

Get screened!

You have the power to determine your future!

Any questions?



Post Test

What are the risk factors for developing

colorectal cancer in Chinese Americans?

What are the screening recommendations

from the USPSTF?

Chinese American Colon CAGroup

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