ChileChile

By Matthew Wong 12BBy Matthew Wong 12B

Basic GeographyBasic Geography

• Area:

• Total: 756,102 sq km

• Country comparison to the world: 45

• Land: 743,812 sq km

• Water: 12,290 sq km

• Note: includes Easter Island (Isla de Pascua) and Isla Sala y Gomez

• Area:

• Total: 756,102 sq km

• Country comparison to the world: 45

• Land: 743,812 sq km

• Water: 12,290 sq km

• Note: includes Easter Island (Isla de Pascua) and Isla Sala y Gomez

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Natural ResourcesNatural Resources

• Coal, iron ore, nitrates, precious metals, molybdenum, and timber

• Mostly obtained thrhough mining.

• Coal, iron ore, nitrates, precious metals, molybdenum, and timber

• Mostly obtained thrhough mining.

Basic HistoryBasic History

• 12000 years ago native americans settled into the new world

• Some settlers moved south to the west of south America.

• Now Known as Chile.

• 12000 years ago native americans settled into the new world

• Some settlers moved south to the west of south America.

• Now Known as Chile.

Chilean SocietyChilean Society

• Three Groups• 1) The northern

people • 2) Araucanian• 3) The Incans

(invaded at around mid 1400)

• Three Groups• 1) The northern

people • 2) Araucanian• 3) The Incans

(invaded at around mid 1400)

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The Incan WarThe Incan War

• The Mapuche (People of the land) mounted the strongest resistance against the Incans

• Defeated the Incans at the Battle of the Maule (3 days)

• The Mapuche (People of the land) mounted the strongest resistance against the Incans

• Defeated the Incans at the Battle of the Maule (3 days)

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Spanish InvasionSpanish Invasion

• One Century later the Spaniards invaded south america.

• Ferdinand Magellan, first European to sight Chilean territory on November 1st 1520.

• One Century later the Spaniards invaded south america.

• Ferdinand Magellan, first European to sight Chilean territory on November 1st 1520.

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Diego De Almargo Diego De Almargo

• Title of discover often referred to Diego De Almargo.

• Organised expedition to Chile in 1537

• Later died in a Civil war at Peru

• Title of discover often referred to Diego De Almargo.

• Organised expedition to Chile in 1537

• Later died in a Civil war at Peru

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Pedro De ValdiviaPedro De Valdivia

• Pedro de Valdivia captain of the army saw potential to expand the Spanish Empire.

• With a few 100 men secured the local inhabitants.

• Founded the city of Santiago de Nueva Extremadura on February 12, 1541

• Pedro de Valdivia captain of the army saw potential to expand the Spanish Empire.

• With a few 100 men secured the local inhabitants.

• Founded the city of Santiago de Nueva Extremadura on February 12, 1541

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Spanish OccupationSpanish Occupation

• Valdivia found little Gold in the country

• However it was rich in agriculture

• Continued exploration west of the Andes.

• Founded over a dozen towns.

• Introduced Labour System known as the encomiendas.

• Valdivia found little Gold in the country

• However it was rich in agriculture

• Continued exploration west of the Andes.

• Founded over a dozen towns.

• Introduced Labour System known as the encomiendas.

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ResistanceResistance

• Greatest resistance to the Spanish oppresion came from the Mapuche (again).

• They opposed european conquest till the 1880s.

• Arauco War• Valdivia died at the Battle of

Tucapel

• Greatest resistance to the Spanish oppresion came from the Mapuche (again).

• They opposed european conquest till the 1880s.

• Arauco War• Valdivia died at the Battle of

Tucapel

Independence 1810-1826Independence 1810-1826

• 1808 Napoleon occupied Spain

• Made Joseph Bonaparte King of Spain.

• Usurpation of the throne from Ferdinand VII

• 1808 Napoleon occupied Spain

• Made Joseph Bonaparte King of Spain.

• Usurpation of the throne from Ferdinand VII

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• Chilean citizens elect Junta on September 10 1810

• Introduced number of reforms leading to independence

• Peru remained loyal to Spain. Fought war with Chile.

• October 1914 Royalist army defeated the Chileans over Santiago.

• Chilean citizens elect Junta on September 10 1810

• Introduced number of reforms leading to independence

• Peru remained loyal to Spain. Fought war with Chile.

• October 1914 Royalist army defeated the Chileans over Santiago.

Return of the KingReturn of the King

• Napoleon abdicated returned the Spanish King to the throne.

• The King introduced a repressive regime.

• Alienated the Chilean people.

• Napoleon abdicated returned the Spanish King to the throne.

• The King introduced a repressive regime.

• Alienated the Chilean people.

12 February 181812 February 1818

• 12 February 1817 Jose de San Martin defeated the royalists at Chabuco

• Formally independent from Spain on 12 February 1818.

• 12 February 1817 Jose de San Martin defeated the royalists at Chabuco

• Formally independent from Spain on 12 February 1818.

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Early days of Independence

Early days of Independence

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ConservativesConservatives

• Authoritarian Regime• Authoritarian Regime

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Diego PortalesDiego Portales

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19th Century19th Century

20th Century20th Century

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