•Children's dosage forms - a specific Children's dosage forms - a specific group of drugs that require special group of drugs that require special conditions of preparation, the strictest conditions of preparation, the strictest observance of asepsis, operational observance of asepsis, operational discipline, full responsibility for the discipline, full responsibility for the preparation, quality control and design preparation, quality control and design to to dispense dispense drugs.drugs.

Children's medicines - these are drugs that are allowed for use in pediatric practice in the relevant age child doses, the dosage forms that provide therapeutic benefits and convenience of currently

- Infants (first 4 weeks of life)

- Chest age (1 to 12 months)

- Infancy (from one to three years)

- Preschool age (from three to seven years old)

- School age (from seven to eighteen years).

Requirements for children's Requirements for children's medical formsmedical forms

High efficiency and high therapeutic bioavailability Sterility (for newborns); Stability; No pyrogenic (for Babies); Lack of allergic No toxic. Microbiological purity Ease of use Pleasant organoleptic properties (color, taste, effect, smell) should provide a positive psychological - physiological

effects on a child (kind of dosage form, color, taste, effect, smell) - it is advisable not to use injections;

Drugs which are allowed to take in pediatric practice, shall not contain substances that affect the growth or development of tissues, lowers immunity, are toxic, do not contain preservatives and dyes. For example, violate Tetracycline tooth enamel in children, affecting the growth of bones, streptomycin and gentamicinum can cause lo toxicity. Prohibited medication containing alcohol for children under 1 year.

Assign only the intended dose of medicine according to age, body weight.

Conduct preliminary test of tolerance and sensitivity to drugs intended (perhaps the mother).

Consider the functional state of vital organs of the body.

Antibiotics and sulphamids set according to etiology, the properties of microorganisms, not prescribe those drugs, which often cause side effects, be desirable after a preliminary test for allergies and sensitivity to appropriate groups A / B (research and possibly mother)

Do not allow amplified drug therapy for benign disease, medication use short courses.

Do not use both drugs with the same mechanism of action.

• Medications for children are issued on separate forms prescriptions marked "Baby" and point the exact age and weight of the child.

• Taking prescription should be checked and potent doses of toxic substances and the compatibility of registered ingredients to consider the rationality of the combination of antibiotics, sulphanilamides and other drugs.

• Doses of toxic and strong affective substances in suppositories , compare with doses for oral acceptance.

Carried out taking into account several factors which include:

pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs;

child's age and weight; the nature and severity of disease; state of the liver, kidneys, heart; individual sensitivity of the child; household conditions of life, especially food; climatic and geographical factors medical anamnesis.

Empirical - your dose of the drug

calculated for children of different age groups based on the effect which was observed from the drug in varying doses.

The method is based on the selection of doses that are determined by coeficients or special formulas.

According to SPU dose for children can be expected depending on age, taking the dose per unit.

For calculation drug dose can apply the formula: Child dose =dose of adult • weight of body of the child

70 Child dose = dose adult • child's age in years

Child Age in years + 12

 

To calculate dose of sedative and narcotic drugs: Child dose = B (4 • а)+ 20 ,

100

B - dose for adult

a - the child's age in years.  

Often used mixtures, suppositories, powders in pediatric practice .

They are prepared by the general rules of preparation of medical forms for adults, following aseptic conditions

Dosage form for infants must be sterile

The technological process of preparing The technological process of preparing children's medicine for babies includes children's medicine for babies includes

the following stages:the following stages: Preparation of aseptic conditions Preparation of dishes and accessories. Preparation of solvents and drugs. Dissolution of drugs. Quality control solutions. filtering solutions, checking the absence of

mechanical inclusions. closing, preparation for sterilization (marking). Sterilization. Quality control and design of drugs for dispense.

Rp.: Phenobarbitali 0,1 Solutionis Natrii bromidi 3% 100

ml Misce. Da. Signa. 1 teaspoon 3

times a day (child 3 weeks)higher single dose Phenobarbitali

=0,005higher daily dose Phenobarbitali

=0,01

Design to dispence