Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan...
-
Upload
ginger-rogers -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan...
![Page 1: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity
by D. F. Duncan
UNC-CH School of Social WorkJune 10, 2009
![Page 2: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity
The approach in this presentation is drawn from a similar presentation developed by Emily Putnam-Hornstein made by Barbara Needell from the Center for Social Services Research at the University of California at Berkeley
The data are drawn from the US Census Bureau and a set of longitudinal files maintained by researchers at UNC-CH School of Social Work
![Page 3: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
North Carolina:First Entries to Foster Care by Race
![Page 4: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
North Carolina:Foster Care Caseload by Race
![Page 5: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
North Carolina:Race and Path Through the Child Welfare System
![Page 6: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Definitions
Overrepresentation: situations in which a number or quantity (such as children, in this case) is disproportionately high or low.1
1Chapin Hall Center for Children. (2008). “Racial and Ethnic Disparity and Disproportionality in Child Welfare and Juvenile Justice: A Compendium,” Chicago: Chapin Hall Center for Children at the University of Chicago.
![Page 7: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Definitions Disproportionality: the state of being
disproportional. … disproportionality and over- and underrepresentation are used with regard to a reference population. If more than one group represents more than its share of the total, another group will necessarily account for less.1
Disparity: a comparison of one group (e.g, regarding disproportionality, services, outcomes) to another group.2
2Needell, Barbara. “Child Welfare in California: Ethnic/Racial Disproportionality and Disparity.”
![Page 8: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
North Carolina:Disparity Index for SFY 07-08
Black Disproportionality
39.49% 25.36% = 1.56
White Disproportionality
51.8% 68.96% = 0.75
Disparity Index
1.56 0.75 = 2.08
![Page 9: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Issues with Census Data
![Page 10: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Changes in the Number of Children in North Carolina Over Time
![Page 11: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Composition of North Carolina’s Child Population by Race
![Page 12: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Composition of North Carolina’s Child Population by Ethnicity
![Page 13: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Issues With Census Data
The 2000 Census provided a count of each child by age, race, and ethnicity at the state and county level
The yearly estimates of population at the county level provide race and ethnicity but age is grouped 0-4, 5-9, 10-14, and 15-19.
There are tradeoffs in using these yearly estimates
![Page 14: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
North Carolina: Investigations per 1,000 by Age and Race
![Page 15: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
North Carolina: Substantiations per 1,000 by Age and Race
![Page 16: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
North Carolina: Entries to Foster Care per 1,000 by Age and Race
![Page 17: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
North Carolina: Children in Foster Care per 1,000 by Age and Race
![Page 18: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
North Carolina: Investigations, Substantiations, Entries, and In Care Rates per 1,000 by Age
![Page 19: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
North Carolina: Referrals, Substantiations, Entries, and In Care Rates per 1,000 by Age
![Page 20: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
North Carolina: Children in Foster Care per 1,000 by Age and Race
Black (10.45/1,000)
White (5.04/1,000)
0 to 4 Years
5 to 9 Years
10 to 14 Years
15 and Older
15.24
9.24
10.19
7.45
7.44
4.51
4.89
3.19
Rates per 1,000 Black Children
Rates per 1,000White Children
Disparity Index
10.455.04 = 2.07
![Page 21: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
North Carolina: Disparity Indices for Race and Ethnicity
![Page 22: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
National Data: Racial and Ethnic Disparity Indices
![Page 23: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
North Carolina: Exits From Care For 84 Months From Entry For All Children (2000-2001 Entry Cohort)
92%
72%
51%36%
25%13% 8% 5% 3% 2%
5%
17%
28%
36%
40%
43%44% 44% 44% 44%
2% 8% 13% 15% 16% 17% 18% 18% 18% 18%
8%14% 17% 19% 20% 20%
6%9% 10% 11% 11% 11% 11% 12%
2% 3% 4% 4%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
30 Days
180 Days
1 Year
1.5 Years
2 Years
3 Years
4 Years
5 Years
6 Years
7 Years
Still in Care Reunification Adopted Guardianship Emancipated Other
![Page 24: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
North Carolina: Exits From Care For 84 Months From Entry for White Children (2000-2001 Entry Cohort)
92%
70%
48%33%
23%12% 6% 4% 2% 1%
6%
19%
32%
39%
44%
46%47% 47% 47% 47%
2%8% 12% 15% 16% 16% 17% 17% 17% 17%
8%15% 18% 20% 20% 21%
6%8% 9% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10%
2% 3% 3% 4%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
30 Days
180 Days
1 Year
1.5 Years
2 Years
3 Years
4 Years
5 Years
6 Years
7 Years
Still in Care Reunification Adopted Guardianship Emancipated Other
![Page 25: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
North Carolina: Exits From Care For 84 Months From Entry for Black Children
92%
75%
56%
40%28%
16% 10% 6% 4% 3%
5%
13%
23%
30%
35%
39%40%
40% 40% 40%
3% 9% 14% 17% 18% 19% 20% 20% 20% 21%
7%13%
17% 19% 19% 20%
6%9%
11% 11% 12% 12% 12% 12%
3% 4% 4% 5%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
30 Days
180 Days
1 Year
1.5 Years
2 Years
3 Years
4 Years
5 Years
6 Years
7 Years
Still in Care Reunification Adopted Guardianship Emancipated Other
![Page 26: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
North Carolina: Percentage Remaining in Care for White and Black Children (2000-2001 Entry Cohort)
![Page 27: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
North Carolina: Percentage Reunified for White and Black Children (2000-2001 Entry Cohort)
![Page 28: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
North Carolina: Percentage Exiting to Adoption for White and Black Children (2000-2001 Entry Cohort)
![Page 29: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Disparity Indices for Counties
![Page 30: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Disparity Indices for Counties
![Page 31: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Disparity Indices for Counties
![Page 32: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Disparity Indices for Counties
![Page 33: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Disparity Indices for Counties
![Page 34: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Disparity Indices for Counties
Disparity in the current caseload can be due to many factors
It can reflect past instead of current practices
It also is due to difficulties in finding permanency for children who are in care
![Page 35: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Disparity Indices for Counties
Recent studies (Drake et al., 2009; Jonson-Reid et al., 2009) suggest that poverty is a confounding factor in examining disproportionality
In future analysis we will explore the role of poverty
![Page 36: Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity by D. F. Duncan UNC-CH School of Social Work June 10, 2009.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e255503460f94b14d01/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Child Welfare in North Carolina: Ethnic and Racial Disproportionality and Disparity
D. F. [email protected]
919-962-7897C. Joy Stewart
http://ssw.unc.edu/cw