Child welfare activities...ppt

R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 1

Child Welfare

Activities


• Child welfare activities cover a spectrum of

preventive and promotive health care activities

that are aimed at promotion of child health. In

INDIA, we have a wide range of activities that

are carried out by many agencies (Like govt. and

non govt.)


Some of these activities are described below-

• Universal children’s day

• Integrated child development services ( ICDS)

• Baby friendly hospital initiative ( BFHI)


Cont…

• National Policy for Children- Govt of India

adopted a National policy for children in

August 1974 in response to UN declaration of

the rights of the child.

• Under five clinic

• School health Services


Cont…

the under –five clinic provide whole sum of care

not only just preventive paediatrics like well

baby clinic. It provides a comprehensive outlook

to childcare. The objective of under-five clinics

are outlines in its symbol itself.

Under Five Clinic


Care in illness

Preventive care Growth monitoring


• The under fine’s clinic is derived from the well

baby clinic.

• This clinic provides preventive service along with

health supervision, treatment, nutritional

surveillance and health education.

• Under- five age group are vulnerable and special

risk group constitution a major portion of total

population with high death rate.


• The important causes of morbidity and mortality

of this group are mainly, ARI, diarrhea, neonatal

and perinatal disease, infections and accidents.

• The apex of the large triangle represent care in

illness, the left triangle represent preventive

care, the right triangle represent Growth

monitoring.


• Red triangle represent family planning.

• Line bordering the big triangle health teaching

to the mother.


Care in illness • Acute illness

• Chronic illness including physical, mental,

congenital and acquired abnormalities

• Disorders of growth and development

• Use of X-ray and other laboratory and referral

services.

• Referral services


Cont…Care in illness

• Research studies have shown that 70 to 90%

of the care of the sick children can be managed

but the trained nurse with effective training

and responsibility for managing the child

health care services.


Preventive care

• Immunization

• Nutritional surveillance

• Health checkup

• Oral rehydration

• Family planning welfare

• Health education


Growth monitoring

• Growth Monitoring includes checking weight of

the child periodically at monthly intervals during

the first year, every 2 months during second year

and every 3months thereafter up to the age of 5-6

yr.


Family Planning • The family planning is successfully conducted

through these clinics.

• The mother attending the clinic receives

counseling with different aspects of family

planning practices, which is an significant concern

for the health and well- begin of the child.


Child Welfare

Programmes


• Children’s Development is as important as

the development of material resources and the

best way to develop national human resources

is to take care of children.

• India has the largest child population in the

world.


Constitutional Provisions • Article 14 provides that the State shall not deny to any person

equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.

• Article 15(3) provides that, “Nothing in this article shall prevent the State for making any special provision for women and children.”

• Article 21 provide that no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.

• Article 21A directs the State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years in such manner as the State may, by law, determine.

• Article 23 prohibits trafficking of human beings and forced labour.• Article 24 prohibits employment of children below the age of

fourteen years in factories, mines or any other hazardous occupation.


Cont…Constitutional Provisions

• Article 25-28 provides freedom of conscience, and free profession, practice and propagation of religion.

• Article 39(e) and (f) provide that the State shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing to ensure that the health and strength of workers, men and women and the tender age of children are not abused and that the citizens are not forced by economic necessity to enter avocations unsuited to their age or strength and that the children are given opportunities and facilities to develop in a healthy manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity and that the childhood and youth are protected against exploitation and against moral and material abandonment.

• Article 45 envisages that the State shall endeavor to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years.


The important child welfare programmes in India are as following-

1. Indian council for child welfare (ICCW)

2. Central Social Welfare Board.

3. Kasturba Gandhi Memorial Trust

4. Indian Red Cross Society


All these agencies get financial aid from

government to organize child welfare services in

the country. The following are their activities in

nutshell.

• Day Care services by setting Balwadies

• Holiday home

• Recreation facilities

• Bal Bhavans


Child Welfare Programmes

• WHO department of child and Adolescent health

and development

• WHO School Initiative

• IMNCI

• Diarrheal disease control programme (DDCP)

• Acute respiratory infection control programme


• National Programme for control of Blindness

• Child Survival and safe motherhood ( CSSM)

Programme

• Iodine deficiency disorders( IDDs) Programme

• Family Welfare

• Child Welfare programme for disabled children


Family Welfare- Milestone 1951- Family planning program 1971- Maternal child health and family planning

integrated 1972- Post partum programme, medical

Termination of Pregnancy ( MTP Act) 1977- National family welfare programme 1983- National health policy 1985- MCH, UIP1992- CSSM


Child Welfare programme for disabled children

• National level Practices on education of children with

disability

• Project for integrated education development (PIED)

and integrated education for disabled children ( IEDC)

• UN support to primary education:- Community school

programme


• Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) - A

Movement to education All

• District Primary education Project ( DPEP)

• District rehabilitation centers and National

Programme for Rehabilitation for Person

with Disability ( NPRPD)


Agencies related to child welfare


Introduction• Child welfare including providing services to

socially, economically, physically or mentally handicapped children who are to avail the services provided by the community.

• Child welfare services are preventive, promotive, developmental and rehabilitative in nature.

• These services are designed to meet the need of most deprived and vulnerable children like- children of working mother, destitute children and handicapped children.


Child welfare agencies

• “An administrative unit responsible for work

concerned with the welfare and vocational training

of children is known as child welfare agency”.

• Child welfare agencies may be working at national

or international level.


National Level • Indian red cross society (IRCS) - 1920

• Central social welfare Board - 1953

• Indian Council for child welfare( ICCW) -

1952

• All India Women’s Conference ( AIWC)- 1927

• Child relief and you - 1979


International level

• WHO

• UNICEF

• International Red cross

• Food and Agriculture Organization

(FAO)


Principal of Pre and Post

operative care of Infants

and children.


Pre operative care of Infants and

children


• The infants and children have different types

of surgical problems than that of adults.

Especially the Congenital Malformation are

the important causes of surgical

interventions in children.

• Sugary can be planned or unplanned i.e.

elective or emergency.


Cont…

• It is potentially stressful experience for children.

• Potential threat for surgery to the children are

physical harm, pain, injury, death, separation

from parents, strange and unknown situation at

operation room, fear of anesthesia and surgery.


• Preparation of children for surgery is an important aspect

and should be based on child’s age , development stage,

level of personality and past experience.

• It should begins with preparation for admission to the

hospital.

• In emergency surgical intervention, preparation should

be done in modified way but basic approach should be

same.


• Preoperative Nursing Management of

children

• Psychological preparation

• Physical preparation

• Protective measures


Post operative care of Infants and

children


• Nursing responsibility in the post- operative

management include meeting both physical and

psychological needs of the child.

• Operation bed and necessary articles to be kept

ready for receiving the child and to provide

immediate post anesthesia care in the recovery

room or in the pediatric unit.


• Immediate post operative care

• Care after recovery anesthesia

Child welfare activities...ppt

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