Child #1

1. Where is this child? List any clues.

2. Describe any tools that you see.

3. Describe the clothing. What do their clothes revel about their work conditions?

4. What do you think their job is?

Child #2

1. Where is this child? List any clues.

2. Describe any tools that you see.

3. Describe the clothing. What do their clothes revel about their work conditions?

4. What do you think their job is?

Child #3

1. Where is this child? List any clues.

2. Describe any tools that you see.

3. Describe the clothing. What do their clothes revel about their work conditions?

4. What do you think their job is?

Child #4

1. Where is this child? List any clues.

2. Describe any tools that you see.

3. Describe the clothing. What do their clothes revel about their work conditions?

4. What do you think their job is?

Working in the New Industrial

America

Child Labor

Children between the ages of 6-16

Variety of jobs Railroads, mines,

factories Conditions

Low wages 14-16 hr. days Unsafe conditions

3 of every 10 children working in mines would not reach the age of 15

Female Labor

Conditions Unsafe

Many injuries that left permanetey injured

Sexest Women had little say

or control in their work conditions

Wages and hours could literally depend on sexual favors

Rape and sexual harassment the norm

Conditions

Long hours Machinery Factories

Hot No windows No safety standards at all No regulations

Managers/Foreman Aggressive Uncaring quotas

Why do it?

Need for money Immigrant workers

Many unaware of rights they had

Easily replaced Assembly line work

Menial work Always someone else

willing to do the work Thousands of

immigrants looking for work

Scientific

Management Theory by Fredrick

Taylor Also known as

“Taylorism” Idea: Make work more…

Efficient Quicker Interchangeable

Anyone can do it which means everyone is expendable

Henry Ford

Perfected Taylorism via the Assembly line Each person had a job to do

as the car moved down the line

Increased production 1908 first model left the

line By 1910 a car was coming

off the line every 3 minutes 1927 the 15th million and

final Model T came off the line

Idea adopted by every major industry in America

Upton Sinclair

Born in 1878 A Socialist and

muckraker “The Jungle” is

published in 1906 Meant to expose

conditions of immigrants and workers

Subtext was the conditions of Chicago’s meat packing industry

Conditions

Sinclair worked at a meat plant in 1904 Undercover

Conditions Workers

Injuries Food

Rotten passed off as ok

Rats

Results

Theodore Roosevelt President of the US Read book

Discounted it Socialist

Sent out investigators Results confirmed

Sinclair’s accounts Laws

Pure Food and Drug Act Proper labeling of food

Meat Inspection Act USDA