Cheryl Gourley - Christian Wagner

Cheryl Gourley | Christian Wagner April 13, 2011Architecture Design Course | Yu House Design

How can a house design in Lousiana and the UK help us in the design of the Yu House?Make it Right - Kieran Timberlake AssociatedNew Orleans, LouisianaSingle-family residential, Community1,520 ft2 (141 m2)Urban settingCompleted September 2008USBGC LEED for Homes v.1 --Level: Platinum

Great Bow Yard - Stride Treglown ArchitectsSomerset, UK12 Private homes, 8 townhouses, 4 flats3 Bed 1,40 ft2 (135 m2)Brownfield SiteCompleted Autumn 2007‘Excellent’ Rating, Eco Homes, BREEAM


How can a house design in Lousiana help us in the design of the Yu House?

Make it Right - Kieran Timberlake AssociatedNew Orleans, LouisianaSingle-family residential, Community1,520 ft2 (141 m2)Urban settingCompleted September 2008Rating: USBGC LEED for Homes v.1 --Level: Platinum

Special No. 9 House“storm Resistant, affordable, sustainable”

Poised for Mass ProductionShifts between On-Site to Off-site FabricationEasily CustomizableInexpensive constructionVarious floor plan and Material OptionsEnvironmental controls and systems for seasonal change

Special considerations take to: Insulation, efficient systems, non-toxic materials, rather than through the addition of complex and expensive environmental technologies

G E N E R A L O V E R V I E W


How can a house design in Somerset help us in the design of the Yu House?Great Bow Yard - Stride Treglown ArchitectsSomerset, UK12 Private homes, 8 townhouses, 4 flats3 Bed 1,40 ft2 (135 m2)Brownfield SiteCompleted Autumn 2007‘Excellent’ Rating, Eco Homes, BREEAM

Great Bow Yard

‘A healthy place with healthy materials’

The development provides an impressive mix of uses for such a small site

Special considerations take to: Insulation, efficient systems, non-toxic materials, rather than through the addition of complex and expensive environmental technologies

Passive-solar thermally-massive design and lightweight timber frame construction, the use of a sustainable drainage system (SUDS), the creation of a wildlife habitat, materials specified to create a low toxic environment and ‘A’ rated appliances.

G E N E R A L O V E R V I E W


How can a house design in Lousiana and the UK help us in the design of the Yu House?Make it Right - Kieran Timberlake AssociatedNew Orleans, LouisianaSingle-family residential, Community1,520 ft2 (141 m2)Urban settingCompleted September 2008USBGC LEED for Homes v.1 --Level: Platinum



Make it Right - Kieran Timberlake Associated141 M2

Yu House - Existing DesignShanghai, ChinaSingle-family residential (being transformed into Clubhouse)433.09 m2 (including courtyard space)Urban setting, being relocated to a ParkOriginally built in the 1920’s/30’s

2

0 8’ 16’ 32’

1

3 2

6

7

5 48

19

5

46

53 62

GROUND PLAN LOT BOUNDARY

NORTH SIDEFLOOR PLAN LOT BOUNDARY

SOUTH SIDE

1 CAR PARKING RAINWATER

HARVESTING TANKS 3 STORAGE 4 POROUS PAVING 5 PAVING 6 GRAVEL

1 COVERED PORCH 2 LIVING ROOM 3 DINING ROOM 4 KITCHEN 5 HALF BATHROOM 6 FULL BATHROOM 7 SINGLE BEDROOM 8 LAUNDRY / UTILTIY 9 DOUBLE BEDROOM

2

0 8’ 16’ 32’

1

3 2

6

7

5 48

19

5

46

53 62

GROUND PLAN LOT BOUNDARY

NORTH SIDEFLOOR PLAN LOT BOUNDARY

SOUTH SIDE

1 CAR PARKING RAINWATER

HARVESTING TANKS 3 STORAGE 4 POROUS PAVING 5 PAVING 6 GRAVEL

1 COVERED PORCH 2 LIVING ROOM 3 DINING ROOM 4 KITCHEN 5 HALF BATHROOM 6 FULL BATHROOM 7 SINGLE BEDROOM 8 LAUNDRY / UTILTIY 9 DOUBLE BEDROOM

1 COVERED PORCH 2 LIVING ROOM 3 DINING ROOM 4 K ITCHEN 5 HALF BATHROOM 6 FULL BATHROOM 7 SINGLE BEDROOM 8 L AUNDRY / UTILTIY 9 DOUBLE BEDROOM

2

1 C AR PARKING RAINWATER

HARVESTING TANKS 3 STORAGE 4 POROUS PAVING 5 P AVING 6 GRAVEL

How can a house design in Lousiana and the UK help us in the design of the Yu House?



Yu House - Existing DesignShanghai, ChinaSingle-family residential (being transformed into Clubhouse)433.09 m2 (including courtyard space)Urban setting, being relocated to a ParkOriginally built in the 1920’s/30’s



Conclusions

Shanghai and New Orleans have a surprisingly similar climate. Many of the design principles of the New Orleans climate are applicable to the design of the Yu House. The climate information of Somerset, however, is helpful for our design, as Shanghai’s climate is colder during the winter months than New Orleans. Source: Regional Guidelines for Buildings Passive Energy Conserving Homes


New Orleans: humid subtropical climate (Cfa)Heating/Cooling Degree Days:HDD (18C): 2218 CDD (18C): 2967Annual precipitation: 1612.9mmAnnual sunshine hours: 2744 hr

Shanghai: humid subtropical climate (Cfa)Heating/Cooling Degree Days:HDD (18C): 2943 CDD (18C): 2474Annual precipitation: 1164.5mmAnnual sunshine hours: 1894.5 hr

Sommerset, UKtemperate climatemean temperature is approx. 10 °C Annual precipitation: 700 mmAnnual sunshine hours: 1600 hr


2 Exterior Design Options - a Gable prototype that includes sunscreens- a Garden prototype that includes a roof deck, - variations to the exterior fit-out, including PV panels, sunscreens, storage, and rainwater harvesting allow the house to accommodate a range of homeowners

Design for Flexibility & Customization- floor plans consolidate “dry” and “wet” spaces into zones. - linear plumbing systems into linear clusters- ‘wet’ modules can be fabricated off-site

On-site vs. Off-Site Fabrication- The proposed design anticipates a transition from stick-built construction in the first generation to off-site fabricated subassemblies in later generations.

D E S I G N P R I N C I P L E S


Ecosystem Restoration- native vegetation, replanting of damaged site (Katrina)

Runoff Reduction- porous asphalt/concrete allows for 100% infiltration on-site

Construction Impact Minimization- reduce erosion from construction activities

Siting Analysis - Climate Conditions- adaptive to regional conditions

Rebuilding a Neighborhood- integrating landscape onto urban fabric

S I T E


HERS Rating of 35- the house consumes 65% less energy relative to a comparable baseline home in the same climate

a 60% reduction in energy consumption - surpasses the 2030 Challenge energy target for 2010- elimination of thermal bridging using prefabricated SIPs- efficient HVAC system, pipe insulation

Bioclimatic Design- east-west axis orientation, trellis absorbs in summer- when leaves fall in winter, trellis allows heat in

T H E R M A L


Southern exposure- windows oriented to face south- 10-foot ceilings give the impression of spaciousness

Visual Comfort and The Building Envelope - Orient the floor plan on an east-west axis for best control of daylighting- Use large exterior windows and high ceilings to increase daylighting

Customizable- simple to assemble, customize, and disassemble according to occupant needs

V I S U A L


Filters integrated into HVAC - reduces/eliminates particulate matter

Natural Ventilation- the house includes operable transoms above the windows and large operable windows integrated into the south, east, and west envelopes- operable envelope components, coupled with ceiling-mounted fans and high, 10-foot ceilings, allow for significant passive climatic adaptation

Identify, Eliminate or Reduce Polutants- Using certified products (e.g, VOC-free paints)

I N D O O R E N V I R O N M E N T A L Q U A L I T Y

1 PORCH 2 LIVING ROOM 3 HALF BATHROOM 4 SINGLE BATHROOM 5 FULL BEDROOM 6 HALLWAY 7 AREA OF REFUGE

541 2

7

1 PORCH 2 LIVING ROOM 3 HALF BATHROOM 4 SINGLE BATHROOM 5 FULL BEDROOM 6 HALLWAY 7 AREA OF REFUGE

541 2

7


Low-emitting materials - SIP panel construction speeds up assembly, reduces thermal bridging- Green Label carpeting, low-emitting insulation, adhesives, and interior paint

Design with standard sizes- design was made such that only 10% lumber was wasted

On-site vs. Off-Site Fabrication- The proposed design anticipates a transition from stick-built construction in the first generation to off-site fabrucated subassemblies in later generations.- Separation of Wet and Dry areas

M A T E R I A L S

Wet Core Component Layout

Vestibule

Kitchen

Half Bathroom

Full Bathroom

Vestibule

Open Porch

Covered Porch

Utility Room

Laundry Room


Rainwater Collection- collect and store rainwater for domestic uses- 62% of all rainwater can be retained with cisterns (600 GA)- captured rainwater is as accessible as municipal water

Low-Water-Use Fixtures- Use low-flow toilets- Install showerheads using less than 2.2 gallons per minute

Wastewater and Graywater Recycling- plumb building to accommodate graywater separation

W A T E R

Ground Level Usage

Rainwater

Grade Level

Ground Level Usage

Rainwater

Grade Level


2 Exterior Design Options - a Gable prototype that includes sunscreens- a Garden prototype that includes a roof deck, - variations to the exterior fit-out, including PV panels, sunscreens, storage, and rainwater harvesting allow the house to accommodate a range of homeowners

Design for Flexibility & Customization- floor plans consolidate “dry” and “wet” spaces into zones. - linear plumbing systems into linear clusters- ‘wet’ modules can be fabricated off-site

On-site vs. Off-Site Fabrication- The proposed design anticipates a transition from stick-built construction in the first generation to off-site fabrucated subassemblies in later generations.


Wet Core Component Layout

Vestibule

Kitchen

Half Bathroom

Full Bathroom

Vestibule

Open Porch

Covered Porch

Utility Room

Laundry Room


Site area/density: 0.34 hectare41 dwellings per hectare

Parking ratio: 1:1

Typical unit area: 3 bed townhouse living/kitchen - 95m2

Bedroom - 40m2

TOTAL - 135m2

1 bed flat living - 50m2

Kitchen 30m2 and storage room - 8m2 TOTAL - 90m2

Cost per unit: 4-Bed townhouse £290,0000RMB

3-bed townhouse 250,0000RMB

2-Bed flat 155,0000RMB

1-Bed flat 140,000RMB




Brownfield SIte

Site ContaminationContaminated soil from the site’s former life as a river wharf is dis-posed of below the raised buildings and under paved areas. Planting which combats contamination natu-rally is used within the landscaping.

Wildlife habitat Badgers present on the existing site are incorporated into the de-velopment with the creation of new setts in a quiet corner of the site.

Site ParkingCar parking is limited to one space per home to encourage use of pub-lic transport and cycling

S I T E



Sun spaces on Southern North Wing They are positioned and designed to improve the environmental performance of the houses.1. Act as a buffer between inside and outControlled by doors, vents and louvres according to the weather and if used correctly will reduce the heatingrequirement for the houses2. Use the warmth of the sun to preheat As well as the energy benefits, the sunspaces will also be a bright, sunny environment for occupants ventilation to the adjacent living spaces3. Create a large draught lobby to the garden on the south sideFor much of the year they can be considered as an extension of the living space, being large enough to accommodate chairs and a table

T H E R M A L

How can a house design in Somerset help us in the design of the Yu House?


Maximum Daylight

High efficiency double-glazed, argon-filled timber frame windows are used. Unlike many low energy developments which use small windows, openings are deliberately large for maximum daylight and to engage with the site.

V I S U A L



I N D O O R E N V I R O N M E N TA L Q U A L I T Y

Light Timber Structure Construction 1. Reduce Thermal BridgingThe East Wing uses lightweight timber frame construction with I-section timber sections for reduced thermal bridges and maximum thermal and material efficiency.

2. Roof Design for Solar PanelsThe roofscape is designed to provide a south facing base for the incorporation of photovoltaic panels despite the terrace’s east-west orientation.

3. Best Orientation of Living SpacesLiving spaces in all but two of the flats are located within the roof space to exploit the best daylight and views. Bedrooms are located on the first floor while integral garages and home offices make up the entrance floor.



1. Reclaimed brick usageImperial sized bricks from a recently demolished house in local Bridgwater were used. Lime mortar ensures that they can be used again at the end of the building’s life.

2. Efficient Insulation Use-Both buildings exceed thermal efficiencies required by current building regulations, with some parts of the building envelope incorporating 350mm depth of insulation. -Approximately half the insulation used is made from recycled newspaper (celluose).

3. Timber Construction Efficiency -FSC and PEFC timber is used throughout. -Cedar boarding which forms the main cladding material is sourced from South Wales. -Wood chip paths in the communal landscape are formed using branches pruned from trees on the site. 4. Avoidance to use PVCApart from soil and vent pipes and rainwater tank connections, PVC is not used in the development. Ply is used in lieu of MDF and natural paints, which contain no petroleum solvents, vinyl, or other toxic components, are used.

M AT E R I A L S


1. Water Heated by Solar Power Solar thermal panels mounted on the south façade will use the sun to provide hot water.

2. Sustainable Drainage Strategy (SUDS)-A swale collects surface water from the road areas and distributes it into a drainage ditch.-A possible future holding pond in the central landscaped area is proposed.

3. Toilets Flushed by RainwaterIn the North Wing, rainwater from the roofs is collected in storage tanks mounted above the porches and used for dual-flush toilets. Rainwater butts in the East Wing collect water for garden use.

WAT E R

Rainwater Harvesting System-1,500 Litres GRP Tank-Wisley downpipe filter-singe pump system

Data- Estimated Usage: 104 Litres / day- Average Rainfall: 800mm- Roof area: 66m- Expected Annual Collection: 27,900 Litres


How can a house design in Lousiana and the UK help us in the design of the Yu House?Chassis design differs from Yu House, however as the Yu House is going to be moved, there are opportunities of learning from this strategy

Climate conditions of New Orleans are similar to those of Shang-hai

Prefabrication offers a unique perspective of construction tech-nologies

Brownfield site has a similar relationship with the Yu House’s current location

Climate coinditions aid in the design for the wintertime

Due to the climate conditions, visual line of sight was enhanced by the need for solar infiltration - enhances views to nature

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How can a house design in Lousiana and the UK help us in the design of the Yu House?The house divided into ‘wet’ and ‘dry’ modular zones is an inter-esting lesson for design

This house offers a modern interpretation of the traditional New Orleans housing vernacular.

Water:

Use of natural vernacular materials both enhances the aesthetic product and energy efficiency

Use of reclaimed brick and other local materials reminds us of the challenge of the Yu House.

Hydrolic systems have been integrated with other systems - this proves to be a successful solution to enhance the surrounding landscape

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THANK YOU!!!

Cheryl Gourley - Christian Wagner

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