Chemistry in the Community Section A – Sources and Uses of Water Unit 1 – Water : Exploring...
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Transcript of Chemistry in the Community Section A – Sources and Uses of Water Unit 1 – Water : Exploring...
![Page 1: Chemistry in the Community Section A – Sources and Uses of Water Unit 1 – Water : Exploring Solutions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649dd25503460f94ac80f8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chemistry in the Community
Section A – Sources and Uses of Water
Unit 1 – Water : Exploring Solutions
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Chemistry in the Community
Water Data Table Due Friday
Assignment 1
Read “Fish Kill Triggers....” article pgs 4-5
Summarize article
Theorize cause
Read A.1 Town in Crisis pgs 7-8
Sum up two main questions for Unit 1
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A.1 Town in Crisis
Anytown, Planet Earth (Riverwood Fictional example)
1.Can we get enough water to supply our needs?
2.Can we get sufficiently pure water?
The cost of producing 100% pure water is extremely high.
Humans have historically struggled with accessing water supplies.
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A.1 Town in Crisis (continued)
Global average water footprint is 1240 m3/yr/cap. In the USA the average water footprint is 2500 m3/yr/cap. In China the average water footprint is 700 m3/yr/cap.
Green means the water footprint is equal to or smaller than the global average. Countries with red have a water footprint beyond the global average. Time Period for data: 1997-2001.
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A.2 Uses of Water
Your household Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
Date
# of persons
# of baths
# of showers (ave. duration in minutes)
# of toilet flushes
# of hand-washed loads of dishes
# of machine-washed loads of dishes
# of machine-washed loads of laundry
# of lawn or garden watering (ave. duration in minutes)
# of car washes
# of cups of water (est.) for cooking and drinking
# of times water runs in sink (ave. duration in minutes)
Other uses & frequency
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A.4 Water Supply and Demand
U.S. Water supply
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A.4 Water Supply and Demand(continued)
Per our book , a U.S. family of 4 (two adults & two children) uses and average of 1480 liters daily.
This represents direct water use that which can be directly measured. Example – consumed by drinking
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A.4 Water Supply and Demand(continued)
There is also indirect water use hidden uses of water that are more difficult to measure. Washing a pet is an example of indirect water use. (more difficult to measure, quantify)
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A.5 Water Uses in the United States
Percent of Water Used
Region
Purpose Nation East South Midwest West Alaska Hawaii
Domestic 11 15 10 12 10 30 41
Irrigation/agricultural 35 1 19 24 77 0 57
Industry 5 6 7 6 1 4 2
Mining 1 1 0 2 1 55 0
Steam/electric 48 78 63 57 11 11 0
1. For each region in the U.S., name the greatest single use of water.
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A.5 Water Uses in the United States
Percent of Water Used
Region
Purpose Nation East South Midwest West Alaska Hawaii
Domestic 11 15 10 12 10 30 41
Irrigation/agricultural 35 1 19 24 77 0 57
Industry 5 6 7 6 1 4 2
Mining 1 1 0 2 1 55 0
Steam/electric 48 78 63 57 11 11 0
2. Explain the difference in how water is used in the East & the West. What other regional factors help explain the general patterns of water use?
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A.5 Water Uses in the United States
Percent of Water Used
Region
Purpose Nation East South Midwest West Alaska Hawaii
Domestic 11 15 10 12 10 30 41
Irrigation/agricultural 35 1 19 24 77 0 57
Industry 5 6 7 6 1 4 2
Mining 1 1 0 2 1 55 0
Steam/electric 48 78 63 57 11 11 0
3. List 2 factors within each region that could explain their greatest water use.
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A.6 Where is the World’s Water
The hydrological cycle is the name given in nature that involves evaporation, condensation, and precipitation’s effects.
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A.6 Where is the World’s Water
Evaporation occurs when the sun shines on wet surfaces.
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A.6 Where is the World’s Water
The largest amount of the Earth's water is held in the oceans.
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A.6 Where is the World’s Water
Water from the oceans cannot be used without purification because it contains a significant amount of salt.
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A.6 Where is the World’s Water
Distillation is not used to purify most tap water because the process is too expensive.
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A.6 Where is the World’s Water
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A.6 Where is the World’s Water
Earth’s Water Distribution
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A.6 Where is the World’s Water
Rivers, lakes, and streams are examples of surface water.
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A.6 Where is the World’s Water
Most of the Earth's supply of fresh water is found in glaciers/ice caps.
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A.6 Where is the World’s Water
Glaciers/ice caps are the reservoir which can provide us with the highest purity water.
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A.6 Where is the World’s Water
Porous rocks that contain water are commonly used as a water-supply in rural areas and are referred to as aquifers.
Sandstone ~10% porosity
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A.6 Where is the World’s Water
Aquifers – N.E.
FWIW Sole Source aquifer means that is the ONLY source for that area
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A.6 Where is the World’s Water
The best source of water for a home in a rural location that is far from lakes or rivers is groundwater.
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A.8 Water Use1) List three water uses that you could do
without.
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A.8 Water Use(continued)
2) List one activity that you could not do without.
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A.8 Water Use(continued)
3) For which tasks could you reduce your water use? How?
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A.8 Water Use(continued)
4) Impurities added by using water for one particular use may not prevent its reuse for other purposes. For example you might decide to save hand-washing water and use it later to bathe your dog.a) For which activities could you use such impure water?
b) From which prior uses could this water be taken?