Chemistry 120 Introduction to the Periodic Table of Elements.
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Transcript of Chemistry 120 Introduction to the Periodic Table of Elements.
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Chemistry 120Introduction to the Periodic
Table of Elements
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What is an element?
Cannot be separated chemically into simpler substances.
Aluminum metal
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Why don’t all symbols match their name?
4
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Figure 6-2a p148
How are elements found in nature?
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p2
Antoine Lavoisier, the “Father of modern chemistry” and Marie Lavoisier
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p133
Dmitri Mendeleev and Lothar Meyer
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Fig. 11-21, p. 333
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Fig. 11-22, p. 334
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Fig. 11-19, p. 332
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Table 5-3 p134
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Table 5-3, p. 134
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Table 11-2, p. 335
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Expanded Periodic Tablen 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
i 1A 8A
1 1 2
H 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A He
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be B C N O F Ne
3 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B i 8B i 1B 2B Al Si P S Cl Ar
4 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
5 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
6 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
7 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 105 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Fl Lv
s orbital, the energy level = n Electron Filling Order:p orbital, the energy level = n 1s 2s2p 3s3p 4s3d4p 5s4d5p 6s5d4f6p 7s6d5f7p
d orbital, the energy level = n - 1
f orbital, the energy level = n - 2
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Alternative Periodic Tables Dmitri Mendeleev, the original, periodic table (1869).
Reihen
Gruppe I. - R2O
Gruppe II. - RO
Gruppe III. - R2O3
Gruppe IV. RH4 RO2
Gruppe V. RH3 R2O5
Gruppe VI. RH2 RO3
Gruppe VII. RH R2O7
Gruppe VIII. - RO4
1 H = 1
2 Li = 7
Be = 9,4
B = 11
C = 12
N = 14
O = 16
F = 19
3 Na = 23 Mg = 24 Al = 27,3 Si = 28 P = 31 S = 32 Cl = 35,5 4 K = 39 Ca = 40 - = 44 Ti = 48 V = 51 Cr = 52 Mn = 55 Fe = 56, Co=59
Ni=59, Cu=63 5 (Cu = 63) Zn = 65 - = 68 - = 72 As = 75 Se = 78 Br = 80 6 Rb = 85 Sr = 87 ?Yt = 88 Zr = 90 Nb = 94 Mo = 96 - = 100 Ru=104, Rh=104
Pd=106, Ag=108 7 Ag = 108 Cd = 112 In = 113 Sn = 118 Sb = 122 Te = 125 J = 127 8 Cs = 133 Ba = 137 ?Di = 138 ?Ce = 140 - - - - - - - 9 (-) - - - - - -
10 - - ?Er = 178 ?La = 180 Ta = 182 W = 184 - Os=195, Ir=197, Pt=198, Au=199
11 (Au = 199) Hg = 200 Tl = 204 Pb = 207 Bi = 208 - - 12 - - - Th = 231 - U = 240 - - - - -
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Alternative Periodic Tables
The periodic spiral of Professor Thoedor Benfey.
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Alternative Periodic Tables Triangular long form by Emil Zmaczynski
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Alternative Periodic Tables
Dr. Timmothy Stowe's physicists periodic table.
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Alternative Periodic Tables
Albert Tarantola's orbital periodic table.